Micah
Mic 1:11a Micah Jer. 26:18
A shortened form of Micaiah, meaning Who is like Jah? The longer form of the prophet’s name is found in the Hebrew text of Jer. 26:18.
Mic 1:1b Jotham 2 Chron. 27:1; Isa. 1:1; Hosea 1:1
Mic 1:21a Hear Deut. 32:1; Isa. 1:2
The central thought of Micah is that Jehovah reproved Israel (the entire nation, including Judah) of her evils and promised her that He would save and gather her remnant for the restoration (Matt. 19:28) in the millennium (Rev. 20:4-7a).
Mic 1:2b temple Psa. 11:4; Jonah 2:7; Hab. 2:20
Mic 1:3a place Psa. 115:3; Isa. 26:21; Ezek. 3:12; Hosea 5:15
Mic 1:3b high Deut. 32:13; 33:29; Amos 4:13
Mic 1:4a melted Judg. 5:5; Psa. 97:5; Isa. 64:1-3; Nahum 1:5; cf. 2 Pet. 3:10
Mic 1:6a heap 1 Kings 13:32; 2 Kings 18:10; 19:25; Micah 3:12
Mic 1:9a wound Isa. 1:5-6; Jer. 15:18; 30:12-13
Mic 1:13a Lachish 2 Kings 18:14, 17
Mic 1:16a captivity 2 Kings 17:6; Isa. 39:6-7
Mic 2:11 it
Or, their hand is their god.
Mic 2:6a Do Isa. 30:10; Amos 2:12; 7:16
Mic 2:71 hasty
Or, straitened; lit., shortened.
Mic 2:11a prophesy Jer. 14:14; Ezek. 13:3; Luke 6:26
Mic 2:121 gather
Jehovah’s comfort to Israel, found in vv. 12-13 and in 4:1—5:15, concerns the restoration of Israel (Matt. 19:28) in the millennium (Rev. 20:4-7a).
Mic 2:12a remnant Isa. 11:11; Micah 4:6-7
Mic 2:12b sheep Jer. 31:10
Mic 2:13a Jehovah Isa. 52:12; Hosea 1:11
Mic 3:4a hide Deut. 31:17-18; 32:20; Psa. 13:1; cf. 2 Chron. 30:9; Ezek. 39:29
Mic 3:5a prophets Micah 2:11; Matt. 7:15
Mic 3:7a no 1 Sam. 28:6; Psa. 74:9; Amos 8:11
Mic 3:8a full Job 32:18; Acts 4:8; cf. Jer. 20:9
Mic 3:10a Who Hab. 2:12; Jer. 22:13
Mic 3:12a Zion Jer. 26:18; cf. Micah 1:6
Mic 3:12b mountain cf. Isa. 2:2; Micah 4:2
Mic 4:11a But vv. 1-3: Isa. 2:2-4
See note 121 in ch. 2. For vv. 1-3 in this chapter, see notes in Isa. 2:2-4.
Mic 4:1b mountain Psa. 68:16; Isa. 11:9; Ezek. 17:22-23; Zech. 8:3
Mic 4:3b war Psa. 46:9; Zech. 9:10; cf. Rev. 6:4
Mic 4:4a vine 1 Kings 4:25; Zech. 3:10
Mic 4:5a walk Zech. 10:12
Mic 4:7a remnant Micah 2:12; 5:3, 7-8; 7:18; Isa. 10:21
Mic 4:7b reign Psa. 2:6; Isa. 9:6; 24:23; Dan. 7:14, 27; Luke 1:33
Mic 4:9a woman Isa. 13:8; 21:3; Jer. 30:6; 50:43
Mic 4:11a gathered Zech. 12:3
Mic 4:12a thoughts Isa. 55:8; Rom. 11:33
Mic 4:12b threshing Isa. 21:10
Mic 4:13a thresh Isa. 41:15-16; Jer. 51:33
Mic 4:13c Lord Zech. 4:14; 6:5; Rev. 11:4
Mic 5:1a cheek Matt. 26:67; cf. Lam. 3:30; Matt. 5:39; Acts 23:2
Mic 5:2a Bethlehem Matt. 2:6; Luke 2:4; John 7:42
Mic 5:21b come Gen. 49:10; Isa. 9:6
[ par. 1 2 3 ]
Mic 5:21 [1] This verse prophesies concerning the incarnation of Christ in Bethlehem (Matt. 2:4-6; Luke 2:4-7). Although Christ came forth from Bethlehem, His goings forth were from ancient times, from the days of eternity. This refers to Christ’s eternal origin and indicates that in eternity, before the creation of the earth, Christ was preparing to come forth. Christ’s appearing, His manifestation, began in eternity. From ancient times, from the days of eternity, the Triune God was preparing to come forth out of eternity into time, to come with His divinity into humanity by being born in Bethlehem as a man. His creating of all things was His preparation for Him to come out of eternity into time. This was the purpose of creation. Then, while the “locusts” were operating to consume Israel (Joel 1:4; 2:25), Christ came forth.
Mic 5:21 [2] Christ’s going forth, His appearing, is a continuous matter. At the time of His incarnation He began to come forth. After His incarnation, He continued to go forth through His human living, His death, His resurrection, His ascension, His outpouring of the consummated Spirit (who is the reality of Christ Himself), and His spreading through the preaching of the gospel to the whole inhabited earth. All these are great steps in Christ’s going forth. His going forth has not ceased but is continuing today. Christ’s going forth, His manifestation, will consummate when He comes back with the overcomers as the mighty ones (Joel 3:11) to defeat Antichrist and cast him into the lake of fire (Rev. 19:19-20), when Satan is cast into the abyss (Rev. 20:2-3), and when Christ sets up His throne to reign as King (Matt. 25:31, 34, 40). At that time His appearing will be complete.
Mic 5:21 [3] While Christ is on the way, He is taking care of the scattered Jews. On the one hand, Israel is under God’s chastisement; on the other hand, Israel is also under God’s shepherding care. This shepherding is God’s preservation of Israel.
Mic 5:22 Ruler
In the restoration Christ will be the Ruler, the Shepherd, and the peace to His elect, Israel (vv. 2-5a). Today, as our Ruler, Christ keeps us; as our Shepherd, He nourishes and cherishes us; and as our peace, He controls our environment so that we may enjoy Him.
Mic 5:2c ancient Psa. 90:2; Prov. 8:22-23; John 1:1
Mic 5:4a feed Isa. 40:11; 49:10; Ezek. 34:23; Micah 7:14
Mic 5:5a peace Psa. 72:7; Isa. 9:6; Zech. 9:10
Mic 5:6a Nimrod Gen. 10:8, 10-11
Mic 5:61 He
[ par. 1 2 ]
Mic 5:61 [1] In this verse the prophet first speaks of the land of Assyria and the land of Nimrod, and then, prophesying concerning Christ, declares, “He will save us from Assyria.” Christ in His coming will take the full responsibility to deal with all human government, represented by Assyria and Nimrod. Human government that was formed in opposition to God began with Nimrod, the first type of Antichrist and the founder of Nineveh (the capital of Assyria) and Babel, which issued in Babylon (Gen. 10:8-11 and note 81). Throughout the centuries human government, including the empires of Babylon, Persia, Greece, and Rome, has been used by God to carry out His work of chastising Israel. Eventually, the entire human government—the four kinds of locusts mentioned in Joel 1 and the four sections of the great human image described in Dan. 2—will be smashed by a single stone, Christ as the stone cut out without hands that will become a great mountain and fill the whole earth (Dan. 2:34-35 and notes). It is in this way that Christ will save Israel from Assyria.
Mic 5:61 [2] In relation to Christ’s coming and the restoration of Israel, Assyria equals Rome, and Nimrod equals Antichrist. Eventually, Israel will be invaded by Antichrist, the last Caesar of the Roman Empire, and his armies. At this juncture Christ will come to destroy Antichrist and his armies and to save Israel (Zech. 14:2-7; Rev. 19:19-21). At that time, the great human image will be crushed by the stone cut out without hands (Dan. 2:31-35). Assyria, Nimrod, the empires of Babylon, Persia, Greece, and Rome, and Antichrist will be no more, and the entire earth will become the kingdom of God for eternity (Rev. 11:15). Then all Jehovah’s elect will enjoy Him. This is God’s comfort to Israel, a comfort that is a matter of restoration (Acts 3:20-21).
Mic 5:71a remnant Micah 5:3
After Christ deals with all the enemies, the remnant of Jacob will be blessed by Jehovah, and they also will be victorious among the nations (vv. 7-9).
Mic 5:7b dew Deut. 32:2; Psa. 72:6; 110:3
Mic 5:101 day
In the day of restoration Jehovah will clear up the armies, cities, strongholds, witchcraft, idols, and idol worship from Israel, and He will execute vengeance in anger and wrath upon the nations (vv. 10-15).
Mic 5:13a work Deut. 4:28; Isa. 2:8; Jer. 1:16; Rev. 9:20
Mic 5:15a vengeance Psa. 149:7; 2 Thes. 1:8
Mic 6:2a contention Hosea 12:2
Mic 6:4a brought Exo. 12:51; 20:2; Deut. 4:20; Amos 2:10
Mic 6:4b Miriam Exo. 15:20-21
Mic 6:5a Balaam Num. 22:5; 23:7; 24:10-11; Deut. 23:4-5; Josh. 24:9-10
Mic 6:5b Shittim Num. 25:1; 33:49; Josh. 4:19; 5:10
Mic 6:7a pleased 1 Sam. 15:22; Psa. 51:16; Isa. 1:11; Hosea 6:6; Matt. 9:13; Mark 12:33
Mic 6:71 firstborn
In vv. 6-8 Jehovah contended with Israel concerning their idol worship and their offering sacrifices to idols. God would never require anyone to offer his children as a sacrifice, but the people of Israel actually did this in order to fulfill the requirements of their idols.
Mic 6:81 But
The prophets are great in their speaking concerning Christ but not in their speaking concerning other things. Micah’s word here concerning what Jehovah requires of His people is not a matter of God’s revelation but a matter of the prophet’s concept (cf. note 11, par. 2, in Psa. 1). The divine concept according to the divine revelation in the New Testament is that Christ has replaced the law (Rom. 10:4), and God’s people should live Christ rather than keep the law (Gal. 2:19-20; Phil. 1:20-21a).
Mic 6:8a justice Gen. 18:19; Isa. 1:17; Jer. 5:1; Matt. 23:23; Luke 11:42
Mic 6:121 the
Lit., it. So also in v. 16.
Mic 6:15a sow Deut. 28:38-40; Amos 5:11; Zeph. 1:13
Mic 6:16a Omri 1 Kings 16:25-26
Mic 6:16b Ahab 1 Kings 21:25-26
Mic 7:1a gleaning Isa. 17:6; 24:13
Mic 7:4a briar 2 Sam. 23:6-7; Isa. 55:13; Ezek. 2:6
Mic 7:6a father Ezek. 22:7; Matt. 10:21, 35-36; Mark 13:12; Luke 12:53; 2 Tim. 3:2-3
Mic 7:8a fall 2 Cor. 4:9
Mic 7:12a Assyria Isa. 11:16; 19:23; 27:13; Hosea 11:11
Mic 7:121 River
I.e., the Euphrates.
Mic 7:14a Shepherd Psa. 23:1; Isa. 40:11
Mic 7:15a going Exo. 13:17-22; Psa. 68:22; 78:12-13
Mic 7:151 you
Lit., him.
Mic 7:17a lick Psa. 72:9; Isa. 49:23; cf. Gen. 3:14
Mic 7:18a Who Exo. 15:11
Mic 7:181b Pardoning Exo. 34:6-7; Jer. 50:20
God’s pardoning our iniquity and passing over our transgression, treading our iniquities underfoot and casting all our sins into the depths of the sea (vv. 18-19), reveal how willing God is to forgive our iniquities (cf. Psa. 103:12; Isa. 1:18; Heb. 8:12; 1 John 1:9). Micah’s concluding praise, centering not on the virtues of God’s people but on the attributes of God, is a word of comfort.
Mic 7:18c remnant Micah 4:7; 5:7-8
Mic 7:19a cast Psa. 103:12; Isa. 38:17