The Gospel According to Luke
Luk 1:11 Inasmuch
Or, Since, as is well known,…
Luk 1:12 many
This indicates that there were more than four who wrote an account of the Savior’s earthly life.
Luk 1:13 draw
Or, set in order.
Luk 1:14 matters
Events of John the Baptist’s birth, ministry, and martyrdom, and of Jesus’ birth, life, ministry, teaching, death, resurrection, and ascension for the accomplishing of God’s redemption that sinners may be saved by grace.
Luk 1:21 those
The first group of New Testament believers, composed of those who were with the Savior during His ministry on earth.
Luk 1:2a eyewitnesses 2 Pet. 1:16; 1 John 1:1-3; Acts 1:3; 4:20
Luk 1:22 ministers
Lit., servants; i.e., official servants, apparitors, who attend or serve an officer or authority to carry out his orders. The Greek word is used in 4:20; Matt. 5:25; Mark 14:54; Acts 26:16; and 1 Cor. 4:1.
Luk 1:23 word
The word of the gospel, ministered and preached to people (Acts 6:4; 8:4).
Luk 1:24 delivered
This indicates that the writer of this Gospel was not among those disciples who were with the Savior during His earthly life.
Luk 1:31 me
[ par. 1 2 ]
Luk 1:31 [1] The early church recognized Luke as the author of both this Gospel and the Acts. Luke’s authorship is evident from the style of composition of the two books. Luke was a Gentile (Col. 4:14; cf. Col. 4:11), probably an Asiatic Greek, and a physician (Col. 4:14). Beginning in Troas, he joined Paul in his ministry and accompanied him in his last three ministry journeys (Acts 16:10-17; 20:5—21:18; 27:1—28:15). He was a faithful companion of Paul until Paul’s martyrdom (Philem. 24; 2 Tim. 4:11). Hence, his Gospel should represent Paul’s views, as Mark’s represents Peter’s (see note 11, par. 1, in Mark 1).
Luk 1:31 [2] The Gospels of Luke, Matthew, and Mark are synoptic in regard to the Savior’s humanity (see note 11, par. 2, in Mark 1). Luke’s Gospel reveals God among men in His saving grace given to fallen mankind. Its purpose is to present the Savior as a genuine, normal, and perfect man. It gives a complete genealogy of the man Jesus, from His parents back to Adam, the first generation of mankind, and shows that He is a genuine descendant of man—a son of man (see note 11, pars. 2 and 3, in Matt. 1). Its record of the life of this man impresses us with the completeness and perfection of His humanity. Hence, this Gospel stresses the Lord as the Man-Savior. Based on the moral principles that apply to all men, it presents gospel messages, as in 4:16-21; 7:41-43; 12:14-21; and 13:2-5; gospel parables, as in 10:30-37; 14:16-24; 15:3-32; and 18:9-14; and gospel cases, as in 7:36-50; 13:10-17; 16:19-31; 19:1-10; and 23:39-43. None of these are recorded in the other Gospels. In contrast to Matthew, Luke does not stress the dispensational aspect or the Jewish background. It is the Gospel written to mankind in general, and it announces the good news to all people (2:10). Its characteristic is absolutely not Jewish but Gentile (4:25-28). It is a Gospel to all sinners, both Jewish and Gentile. As such, the sequence of its record is according to morality, not according to historical events. See notes 161, par. 2, in Matt. 8 and 201 in Mark 14.
Luk 1:3b excellent Acts 23:26; 24:3; 26:25
Luk 1:32c Theophilus Acts 1:1
The Greek word means loved by God, or friend of God. Probably a Gentile believer who occupied some official position under the Roman Empire.
Luk 1:51 course
This was the eighth of the twenty-four courses of priestly service ordained by David (1 Chron. 24:10).
Luk 1:5b Aaron Exo. 28:1; Lev. 8:2
Luk 1:61 they
They were among God’s chosen people and had been preserved in the custody of the law in the Old Testament and brought forth by it to be useful to God for the initiation of the gospel in the New Testament.
Luk 1:62a righteous Luke 1:75; 2:25; Gen. 7:1
This does not contradict Rom. 3:20. Here it means to be right, i.e., blameless, in the sight of God according to the Old Testament commandments and ordinances (2:25; Phil. 3:6). It does not mean that these righteous ones were not sinful, without sin and sins. They were blameless, but not without blemish. They still needed the unblemished sin and trespass offerings in type (Lev. 4:28; 5:15) for their expiation that they might have contact with God.
Luk 1:63b walking 1 Kings 9:4; Psa. 119:1
I.e., living according to.
Luk 1:64 ordinances
The Old Testament law is generally called “the law”; its contents are divided into three categories: commandments, statutes, and ordinances. Commandments, as God’s basic commands, are the general principles of the law. There are ten commandments (Exo. 20:2-17). Statutes, or laws, regulations, set forth, explain in detail, and supplement the commandments, as recorded in Exo. 20:22-26. Ordinances, like statutes, set forth, explain in detail, and supplement the commandments, and, in addition, include verdicts, as recorded in Exo. 21:1—23:19. Ordinances minus the verdicts become statutes. The Greek word for ordinances here is the same as that in Rom. 2:26 and in Heb. 9:1, 10.
Luk 1:71 no
This was sovereign of the Lord. It afforded God an opportunity to initiate His gospel not by man’s natural strength but by His divine act.
Luk 1:8a order 1 Chron. 24:19; 2 Chron. 8:14
Luk 1:9a temple Luke 1:21-22; Acts 2:46; 3:1
Luk 1:91 burn
On the incense altar within the Holy Place (v. 11; Exo. 30:6-8; 1 Sam. 2:28; 1 Chron. 23:13; 2 Chron. 29:11).
Luk 1:101a praying Psa. 141:2; Rev. 8:3-4
The prayer of God’s people affords Him a way to carry out His plan.
Luk 1:12a fear Luke 2:9; Acts 10:4
Luk 1:13a not Luke 1:30; 2:10; Judg. 6:23; Rev. 1:17
Luk 1:131 bear
This indicates that Zachariah had prayed that his wife would bear him a son. This indicates also that our prayer carries out God’s operation, implying that our natural strength must be brought to an end that God’s operation may begin by His divine act. This was revealed in the case of Abraham and Sarah (Gen. 17:15-19) and in the case of Hannah (1 Sam. 1:5-20).
Luk 1:132b John Luke 1:60, 63
Of Hebrew origin, Jehohanan contracted to Johanan (2 Kings 25:23; 1 Chron. 3:24; 2 Chron. 28:12). The Hebrew word means Jehovah is favorable, Jehovah shows grace, or Jehovah is the gracious Giver.
Luk 1:15a great Matt. 11:11
Luk 1:151b no Luke 7:33; Judg. 13:4
This indicates that John would be a Nazarite (Num. 6:1-4). He would not drink wine but would be filled with the Holy Spirit; the Holy Spirit replaced the wine (Eph. 5:18).
Luk 1:152c Holy Luke 1:35, 41, 67; Acts 2:4
In the New Testament this is the first divine title ascribed to the Spirit of God. Such a title is not used in the Old Testament. (In Psa. 51:11 and Isa. 63:10-11, Holy Spirit [KJV] should be translated Spirit of holiness.) It was at this time, for the initiation of the gospel of God, to prepare the way for the Savior’s coming and to prepare a human body for Him, that this divine title of God’s Spirit was used. The preparing of the way for the Savior’s coming required that His forerunner be filled with the Holy Spirit even from his mother’s womb, so that he could separate the people unto God from all things other than God, making them holy unto Him for His purpose. The preparing of a human body for the Savior required that the Holy Spirit impart the divine nature into humanity, making man holy for the carrying out of God’s plan of redemption.
Luk 1:15d womb cf. Isa. 49:1, 5; Jer. 1:5; Gal. 1:15
Luk 1:17a before Luke 1:76; Mal. 3:1
Luk 1:171 Elijah
This was the fulfillment of Mal. 4:5 (Matt. 11:14 and note 2; Mark 9:11-13).
Luk 1:17c disobedient Rom. 10:21
Luk 1:172 to
Lit., in [the sphere of] the prudence of the righteous.
Luk 1:173 prudence
Or, counsel. Wisdom is the inward insight, whereas prudence is the outward practical application of wisdom. Hence, prudence can be rendered counsel.
Luk 1:17d prepare cf. Luke 1:76; 7:27
Luk 1:18a old cf. Gen. 17:17; Rom. 4:19
Luk 1:181 years
Lit., her days.
Luk 1:19b Gabriel Luke 1:26; Dan. 8:16; 9:21
Luk 1:20a silent Exo. 4:11; Ezek. 3:26
Luk 1:201 not
Believing opens the praising and testifying mouth (2 Cor. 4:13); unbelief keeps our tongue silent.
Luk 1:22a vision Dan. 9:23; Acts 10:3, 17; 16:9
Luk 1:25a reproach Gen. 30:23; Isa. 4:1; 54:4
Luk 1:261 Galilee
Galilee was a region without fame, and Nazareth was a despised city (John 7:52; 1:46).
Luk 1:26b Nazareth Matt. 2:23; John 1:45
Luk 1:27b Joseph Luke 3:23; Matt. 1:16, 18
Luk 1:271c David Luke 1:69; Matt. 1:20; Luke 2:4
The virgin Mary lived in a despised city in a region without fame, but she was a descendant of the royal family of King David (vv. 31-32; Matt. 1:16, notes 1 and 2).
Luk 1:28a with Luke 1:66; Judg. 6:12
Luk 1:281
Some MSS add, You are blessed among women.
Luk 1:30b grace Acts 7:46; Heb. 4:16
Luk 1:31a conceive Isa. 7:14; Matt. 1:23
Luk 1:311b Jesus Luke 2:21
See note 211 in Matt. 1.
Luk 1:32a great Titus 2:13 and note 4
Luk 1:32b Son Luke 1:35; Rom. 1:4; John 1:34
Luk 1:321c Most Luke 1:35, 76; 6:35; Mark 5:7; Acts 7:48
A divine title, denoting the Supreme (God—Gen. 14:18); hence, in Greek there is no article. Jesus is great because He is the Son of the Most High, the Supreme God.
Luk 1:32d throne 2 Sam. 7:13
Luk 1:322e David Luke 1:69; Rom. 1:3
Jesus, conceived of the Holy Spirit and born of a human virgin, is the Son of the Most High God, and at the same time He is the son of a highly ranked man, David the king (Matt. 1:1; 22:45). His status is both divine and human.
Luk 1:331 reign
Jesus will have the house of Jacob—the nation of Israel—as the center of His reign (Acts 1:6; 15:16), through which He will rule over the entire world as His kingdom (Rev. 11:15), first in the millennium (Rev. 20:4, 6) and then in the new heaven and new earth for eternity (Rev. 22:3, 5).
Luk 1:33a forever 2 Sam. 7:12-13; Micah 4:7
Luk 1:332 kingdom
The preceding verse unveils the family of Jesus; this verse unveils His kingdom.
Luk 1:33b no Dan. 2:44; 7:14, 18; Heb. 1:8; Rev. 11:15
Luk 1:352 overshadow
[ par. 1 2 ]
Luk 1:352 [1] Like the overshadowing of the cloud on the Mount of Transfiguration (Matt. 17:5) and over the tabernacle (Exo. 40:34, 38). According to this verse, it seems that the Holy Spirit would be only upon Mary as the power for her to conceive the holy child. However, Matt. 1:18 and 20 tell us that Mary “was found to be with child of the Holy Spirit,” and that “that which has been begotten in her is of the Holy Spirit.” This indicates that the divine essence out of the Holy Spirit had been begotten in Mary’s womb before she delivered the child Jesus. Such a conception of the Holy Spirit in the human virgin, accomplished with the divine and human essences, constituted a mingling of the divine nature with the human nature, which produced a God-man, One who is both the complete God and the perfect man, possessing the divine nature and the human nature distinctly, without a third nature being produced. This is the most wonderful and most excellent person of Jesus, who is Jehovah the Savior.
Luk 1:352 [2] The conception of John the Baptist was strikingly different in essence from that of Jesus the Savior. The conception of the Baptist was God’s miracle, accomplished with the overage human essence, merely by the divine power without the involvement of the divine essence. This resulted in the bringing forth of a mere man who was filled with the Spirit of God (v. 15) but who lacked the nature of God. The conception of the Savior was God’s incarnation (John 1:14), constituted not only by the divine power but also of the divine essence added to the human essence, thus producing the God-man of two natures—divinity and humanity. Through this, God joined Himself to humanity that He might be manifested in the flesh (1 Tim. 3:16) and might be a Man-Savior (2:11).
Luk 1:353b holy John 6:69
As the conception was of the Holy Spirit, so what was born of that conception was a holy thing, intrinsically holy. This was Jesus our Savior.
Luk 1:35c Son Luke 1:32; Mark 1:1; Matt. 14:33; John 20:31; Acts 8:37
Luk 1:371a impossible Matt. 19:26; Rom. 4:21
Or, powerless.
Luk 1:372 with
Lit., from.
Luk 1:38a angel Acts 12:10
Luk 1:39a hill Luke 1:65; Josh. 20:7; 21:11
Luk 1:411 baby
The forerunner exulted (v. 44) on meeting the Savior even while both of them were still in their mothers’ wombs.
Luk 1:421a Blessed cf. Judg. 5:24
Elizabeth’s blessing, given through the Holy Spirit (v. 41), revealed the humanity of the Savior as the fruit and the deity of the Savior as the Lord (v. 43) and confirmed Mary’s faith in the Lord’s word (v. 45). Such a blessing indicates that Elizabeth too was a godly woman, fit for God’s use in carrying out His purpose.
Luk 1:422b fruit cf. Deut. 28:4
Here and in Acts 2:30, fruit is used to signify Christ only in the sense of offspring. In Rev. 22:2 the same Greek word is used to signify the fruit of the tree of life. Christ is the Shoot of Jehovah (Isa. 4:2) and of David (Jer. 23:5) and the fruit of Mary and of David (Acts 2:30) that we may eat of Him as the tree of life (Rev. 2:7).
Luk 1:431a Lord Luke 20:42; John 20:28
Elizabeth, being filled with the Holy Spirit (v. 41), recognized the fruit of Mary’s womb as her Lord, acknowledging the deity of the child to be born of Mary (Psa. 110:1; Matt. 22:43-45).
Luk 1:451 And
Or, And blessed is she who believed that there will be a completion of the things spoken to her from the Lord.
Luk 1:452a believed John 20:29
In contrast to unbelieving Zachariah (v. 20).
Luk 1:453 completion
This is a prophecy given by the Holy Spirit (v. 41) to confirm the Lord’s word in vv. 30-37, a word spoken to Mary by the angel Gabriel.
Luk 1:461 My
Mary’s poetic praise was composed of many quotations from the Old Testament, indicating that she was a godly woman qualified to be a channel for the Savior’s incarnation, and that Jesus would grow up in a family that was filled with the knowledge and love of God’s holy Word.
Luk 1:46a soul vv. 46-53: cf. 1 Sam. 2:1-10
Luk 1:462b magnifies Psa. 34:2-3; 69:30; Acts 10:46; 19:17
Mary’s praise magnified the Lord based on her experience of God as her Savior through His everlasting mercy (vv. 47-50) and on her observation of others’ experience of God’s merciful and faithful doings (vv. 51-55). In content and standard, her praise was like some of the Old Testament psalms. However, she did not say anything concerning Christ, unlike Elizabeth in her blessing (vv. 41-43) and Zachariah in his prophecy (vv. 67-71, 76-79) spoken through the Holy Spirit.
Luk 1:47a spirit John 4:24; Rom. 1:9
Luk 1:471 has
First, Mary’s spirit exulted in God; then her soul magnified the Lord. Her praise to God issued from her spirit and was expressed through her soul. Her spirit was filled with joy in God her Savior, and her soul manifested that joy for the magnifying of the Lord. She lived and acted in her spirit, which directed her soul. Her spirit’s exulting in God was due to her enjoyment of God as her Savior, and her soul’s magnifying of the Lord was due to her exalting of the Lord, who is Jehovah, the great To Be.
Luk 1:47c Savior Psa. 106:21; 1 Tim. 1:1; 2:3; Titus 1:3; 2:10; 3:4; Jude 25
Luk 1:48a looked 1 Sam. 1:11; Psa. 138:6
Luk 1:48b blessed Luke 11:27; Mal. 3:12
Luk 1:491a Mighty Psa. 66:7
Or, Powerful.
Luk 1:49b great Psa. 126:2-3; 71:19
Luk 1:49c holy Psa. 111:9; Isa. 57:15
Luk 1:501a mercy Exo. 34:6; Hosea 6:6
Both Mary and Zachariah stressed God’s mercy (vv. 54, 58, 72, 78; see notes 162 in Heb. 4 and 52 in Titus 3), thus acknowledging their low estate (v. 48) and humbly (v. 52) recognizing that they were not worthy to be favored by God.
Luk 1:50b generations Gen. 17:7; Deut. 7:9
Luk 1:50c fear Psa. 25:14; 111:10; 112:1
Luk 1:51a arm Psa. 89:10; 98:1; Isa. 40:10; 51:9
Luk 1:52a potentates Dan. 2:21
Luk 1:52b exalted 1 Sam. 2:7; Job 5:11; Psa. 75:7; Luke 18:14
Luk 1:52c humble Prov. 3:34
Luk 1:53a hungry 1 Sam. 2:5; Psa. 107:9
Luk 1:54a servant Isa. 41:8-9; 44:21; 49:3
Luk 1:54b remember Psa. 98:3; cf. Luke 1:72
Luk 1:551 as
Referring to God’s faithfulness in keeping His word. Both Mary and Zachariah stressed not only God’s mercy (see note 501) but also His faithfulness (vv. 70, 72, and note 722). God’s mercy took care of their condition, and His faithfulness took care of His position so that He could favor them with His gracious doings.
Luk 1:59a circumcise Luke 2:21; Gen. 17:12; Lev. 12:3; Phil. 3:5
Luk 1:65a fear Luke 5:26; Acts 2:43
Luk 1:651 things
Lit., words.
Luk 1:66b with Luke 1:28; Gen. 39:2-3; Acts 11:21
Luk 1:67a Holy Luke 1:15; Joel 2:28
Luk 1:68a Blessed 1 Kings 1:48; 1 Chron. 29:10; Psa. 41:13; 106:48
Luk 1:68b Israel Isa. 29:23; Matt. 15:31
Luk 1:68c visited Luke 1:78; 7:16; Exo. 3:16; 4:31
Luk 1:681d redemption Psa. 111:9
Zachariah’s prophecy concerned God’s redemptive move for His people unto their salvation, accomplished by the raising of Christ, in His humanity, as a horn of salvation in the house of David, and, in His divinity, as the rising sun from on high, through God’s rich mercy according to His holy covenant (vv. 68-73, 76-79). Concerning the divine-human person and the saving work of the Man-Savior, his prophecy brings in more light than Elizabeth’s blessing, yet it still bears an Old Testament color in the Old Testament style and flavor, like Mary’s praise and Elizabeth’s blessing.
Luk 1:691a horn Luke 1:77; 1 Sam. 2:10; Psa. 132:17
Jesus the Savior, who came out of the house of David (Jer. 23:5-6).
Luk 1:70a prophets Rom. 1:2; Acts 3:21
Luk 1:702 from
Or, from the foundation of the world.
Luk 1:71b hand Luke 1:74; Psa. 106:10
Luk 1:721 mercy
See note 501. So in v. 78.
Luk 1:722a remember Lev. 26:42; cf. Luke 1:54
Referring to God’s faithfulness in keeping His word, which was made His covenant by His oath (v. 73).
Luk 1:72b covenant Gen. 15:18
Luk 1:731a oath Gen. 22:16-18; Heb. 6:13-14
God’s covenant is enacted upon His promise (Heb. 8:6). A promise is a common, ordinary word that has not been confirmed by an oath. In the Old Testament, after God made a promise, He sealed it with an oath. He swore by His Godhead to confirm His promise. Thus His promise was made His covenant.
Luk 1:741 serve
Lit., serve Him as priests.
Luk 1:751a holiness Eph. 4:24
The emphasis of holiness here is godliness and devoutness before God; the Greek word is different from that for holy in Rom. 1:2. Holiness is mainly toward God, and righteousness is mainly toward men. This book stresses the humanity of Jesus; hence, holiness and righteousness are singled out here as the main characteristics of man’s behavior before God, by which man serves Him.
Luk 1:75b righteousness Luke 1:6; Titus 2:12
Luk 1:76a prophet Luke 7:26; 20:6
Luk 1:761 Lord
Jesus the Savior (v. 17; Mal. 3:1).
Luk 1:762d prepare Mal. 3:1; Isa. 40:3; Matt. 11:10; cf. Luke 1:17
See note 33 in Mark 1.
Luk 1:77a salvation Luke 1:69; 2:30; 3:6
Luk 1:77b forgiveness Luke 3:3; Acts 2:38; 5:31
Luk 1:78a compassions Phil. 1:8
Luk 1:781b sun Mal. 4:2; Eph. 5:14
Jesus the Savior was the dawning sun to the dark age. His coming ended the night of the Old Testament and began the day of the New Testament. As the fruit in Elizabeth’s blessing (v. 42 and note 2), He is life to us (John 14:6); as the sun in Zachariah’s prophecy, He is light to us (John 9:5; Matt. 4:16). As such a One, He is the Accomplisher and the center of God’s redemption that His people may obtain salvation.
Luk 1:79a darkness Psa. 107:10; Isa. 9:2; Matt. 4:16; Acts 26:18
Luk 1:79b peace Rom. 3:17; Luke 7:50
Luk 1:801 spirit
The forerunner’s mother and father were filled with the Holy Spirit (vv. 41, 67). It was easy for their child to grow and become strong in his spirit and thereby to live in the wilderness. For him to grow and become strong in spirit means that he was with and for God, and for him to live in the wilderness means that he was apart from man’s culture and religion that God might have a free and clear way to use him as the forerunner of the Savior.
Luk 1:80b wilderness Matt. 3:1; 11:7
Luk 2:21 first
This is sovereign of God, as mentioned in Prov. 21:1. By this census Mary and Joseph were brought from Nazareth to Bethlehem that the Savior might be born there for the fulfillment of the prophecy concerning the place of His birth (Micah 5:2; John 7:41-42).
Luk 2:4a Joseph Matt. 1:16; Luke 1:27
Luk 2:4b Nazareth Matt. 2:23
Luk 2:4c Bethlehem 1 Sam. 16:1, 4; 20:6; Micah 5:2; Matt. 2:1; John 7:42
Luk 2:41 house
The royal house and family in line to inherit the throne of David (3:23-31; 1:32; cf. Matt. 1:6-16).
Luk 2:71a bore Isa. 7:14; Gal. 4:4
[ par. 1 2 ]
Luk 2:71 [1] Luke presents a Man-Savior. After the narration of the conception of the Man-Savior, Luke gives us in this chapter an excellent record of (1) His genuine human birth, which was according to the law of God’s creation of man, that He might be a Man-Savior for the salvation of man; (2) His physical circumcision, carried out according to the law of God’s ordination (vv. 21-24), that He might be the legal seed of Abraham (Gen. 17:9-14), the One in whom God’s promise to Abraham—“In you all the families of the earth will be blessed” (Gen. 12:3)—as the gospel announced to him (Gal. 3:8), could be fulfilled for all the Gentiles (Gal. 3:14); (3) His physical growth, which was according to the law of human life (v. 40), that He might be a perfect man to express God for the fulfillment of God’s redemptive plan; and (4) His proper boyhood, during which He grew in His interest concerning the things of God, which interest was related to His deity as the Son of God the Father (vv. 40-52), that He might have the full measure of wisdom, stature, and favor with God and men.
Luk 2:71 [2] The record here concerning the Savior’s birth and youth is very different from that in Matt. 2. What Matthew recorded of events that occurred at the Savior’s birth and during His youth constitutes striking evidence of Christ’s legitimate kingship. Luke also recorded the Savior’s birth and youth, but what he recorded were events of a different category, events that offer strong proof of Jesus’ genuine humanity. The two records cover only two of the different aspects of the Savior’s wonderful status. See note 21 in Matt. 2.
Luk 2:7b firstborn Exo. 13:2, 12; Matt. 1:25
Luk 2:72 manger
The Man-Savior’s life began in a manger in the lowest estate because the inn was occupied by fallen mankind with his busy activities.
Luk 2:7c inn Luke 10:34
Luk 2:81 shepherds
Their work in shepherding the flock (which provided not only food for man but also offerings to God) and their diligence in keeping the night watches qualified them to be the first to receive the good news of the wonderful birth of the Savior, which was announced by the angel.
Luk 2:9a angel Luke 15:10; Heb. 1:14
Luk 2:9b stood Luke 24:4; Acts 12:7
Luk 2:9c glory Exo. 16:10; 1 Kings 8:11
Luk 2:10b announce Luke 3:18; 4:43
Luk 2:11a Savior Matt. 1:21; Acts 5:31; Phil. 3:20
Luk 2:11d Christ Matt. 1:16
Luk 2:11e Lord Luke 1:43; Acts 2:36; Phil. 2:11
Luk 2:121 sign
A baby in a manger, signifying smallness in lowliness, was a sign of the Man-Savior’s life.
Luk 2:122 baby
This little baby is called the “Mighty God” in the prophecy concerning the Man-Savior (Isa. 9:6).
Luk 2:131b praising Rev. 5:11-12
The exultation of the angels, who were excited by the birth of the Savior for man’s salvation (cf. 15:7), resulted in their praising God.
Luk 2:141a Glory Eph. 1:6; 3:21; Rev. 5:13
The coming of the Savior rendered glory to God in the heavens and brought peace to men on earth.
Luk 2:14b highest Luke 19:38; Psa. 148:1; 1 Kings 8:27
Luk 2:14c earth Matt. 6:10; Eph. 3:15; Col. 1:16
Luk 2:141d peace Luke 1:79; Isa. 9:6; Zech. 6:13; Eph. 2:17
See note 141.
Luk 2:142 men
Men chosen by God according to His good pleasure (Eph. 1:5).
Luk 2:151 thing
Lit., word.
Luk 2:19a heart Luke 2:51; 1:66
Luk 2:20a glorifying Luke 7:16
Luk 2:21a circumcise Gen. 17:10-14; Luke 1:59; Rom. 15:8
Luk 2:21b Jesus Luke 1:31; Matt. 1:21, 25
Luk 2:22a purification Lev. 12:2-6
Luk 2:22b brought 1 Sam. 1:22, 24
Luk 2:23b Every Exo. 13:2, 12; 22:29; 34:19; Num. 3:13; 8:17
Luk 2:241 law
So that the Man-Savior could be a proper Israelite as a proper man before God and men, whatever was required in the law was fully fulfilled in vv. 21-24 (v. 39).
Luk 2:242 A
This kind of sacrifice indicates the offerers’ poverty (Lev. 12:8). Poverty was another characteristic of the Man-Savior’s life.
Luk 2:251a righteous Luke 1:6, 75; 23:50
Righteous mainly toward men and devout toward God.
Luk 2:25b devout Acts 2:5; 8:2; 22:12
Luk 2:25c waiting Luke 2:38; 23:51
Luk 2:252d consolation Isa. 61:2
The Man-Savior is the consolation of God’s chosen people.
Luk 2:26a not cf. John 8:51; Heb. 11:5
Luk 2:26b Christ Luke 9:20; 23:35
Luk 2:29a peace Gen. 15:15
Luk 2:301a salvation Luke 3:6; Gen. 49:18; Isa. 52:10
The Man-Savior is God’s salvation given to His people.
Luk 2:321a light Isa. 42:6; 49:6; Acts 13:47
The Man-Savior is a light to the Gentiles and the glory of Israel.
Luk 2:341 appointed
The Man-Savior was appointed by God to be a test to the children of Israel, so that many of them would be stumbled by Him and many raised up by Him (Rom. 9:33).
Luk 2:34a falling Isa. 8:14-15; Rom. 9:32-33; 1 Pet. 2:8
Luk 2:342 sign
The Man-Savior is also a sign, a token, spoken against, contradicted, and opposed by the people who take sides with His enemy, so that the reasonings of many hearts may be revealed. In Simeon’s word the Man-Savior was revealed as the consolation of Israel, the salvation of God, a light to the Gentiles, the glory of Israel, a test to Israel, and a sign opposed.
Luk 2:34b spoken Acts 28:22; Psa. 69:12; cf. Matt. 11:19; John 9:24
Luk 2:351 sword
While the Man-Savior as a sign is spoken against, the suffering also pierces the inner being of the one who brings Him forth. This is to experience His suffering in our experience of Him.
Luk 2:352 revealed
What is within man’s heart is easily revealed by his attitude toward Christ.
Luk 2:36a prophetess Exo. 15:20
Luk 2:36b Asher Gen. 30:13; Num. 1:40
Luk 2:371 And
Or, And she was a widow for eighty-four years.
Luk 2:37a widow 1 Tim. 5:3, 5, 9
Luk 2:372 serving
Lit., serving as a priest.
Luk 2:37b fastings Matt. 6:16-18; Acts 13:2-3
Luk 2:37c night Acts 26:7; 1 Tim. 5:5
Luk 2:381b redemption Luke 24:21
The Man-Savior as the redemption of God’s people.
Luk 2:382 of
Some MSS read, in.
Luk 2:391b Nazareth Luke 2:4
The Man-Savior was born in Bethlehem, the city of David, and remained there only briefly; but He was raised in Nazareth, a despised city, which was in Galilee, a despised region. This was arranged by the sovereignty of God in order to make Him a despised person. Being despised was another characteristic of the Savior’s human life.
Luk 2:401 grew
Grew in stature (v. 52) and became strong in spirit (cf. 1:80).
Luk 2:402a wisdom Luke 2:52
The wisdom of the Savior’s deity (Col. 2:2-3) was revealed in proportion to the measure of His bodily growth. So in v. 52.
Luk 2:403 grace
As a man, even Jesus needed the grace of God for His human life. He was filled with the wisdom of His deity and needed the grace of God in His humanity.
Luk 2:41a Jerusalem John 11:55; Deut. 12:5, 11, 14, 18, 26; 16:16
Luk 2:41b Passover Exo. 12:11; Deut. 16:1-8
Luk 2:421 twelve
At the age of twelve, a boy was called by the Jews “son of the law” and first incurred legal obligation (Alford). The number twelve signifies eternal perfection in God’s administration. Hence, twelve years old indicates that what the Lord did here was altogether related to God’s administration.
Luk 2:422a custom Exo. 12:21-27; Lev. 23:4-5
Ordained by God that one might be legally a male in Israel (Deut. 16:16).
Luk 2:46a temple Matt. 26:55
Luk 2:46b teachers Luke 5:17; John 3:10
Luk 2:47a amazed Luke 4:22, 32; Matt. 7:28; Mark 1:22; John 7:15
Luk 2:481 greatly
Lit., painfully distressed.
Luk 2:491 must
Indicating that the boy Jesus was caring for the interest of God.
Luk 2:492 in
Or, in My Father’s house.
Luk 2:493a My John 2:16; 14:2
Indicating the deity of the boy Jesus (John 5:18). In His humanity He was the son of His parents; in His deity He was the Son of God the Father.
Luk 2:511 subject
In His humanity He was subject to His human parents.
Luk 2:521 stature
The Greek word denotes not only stature, as in 19:3, but also age (see note 271 in Matt. 6).
Luk 2:522a grace cf. 1 Sam. 2:26
In grace before God because He was growing in the expression of God according to God’s desire; in grace before men because He was growing in the divine attributes manifested in the human virtues, which were gracious to men. He was growing as a God-man before God and men.
Luk 3:1b Pontius Acts 4:27; 1 Tim. 6:13
Luk 3:1d Herod Luke 3:19; 9:7; 23:7; Matt. 14:1; Acts 13:1
Luk 3:2a Caiaphas Matt. 26:3; John 11:49; 18:13; Acts 4:6
Luk 3:2b John vv. 2-17: Matt. 3:1-12; Mark 1:2-8
Luk 3:21c wilderness Josh. 15:61
See notes 12 in Matt. 3 and 42 in Mark 1.
Luk 3:31 baptism
See note 43 in Mark 1.
Luk 3:3a repentance Acts 17:30
Luk 3:32 for
See note 44 in Mark 1.
Luk 3:3b forgiveness Luke 1:77; Matt. 26:28
Luk 3:4a Isaiah Luke 4:17; Acts 8:28
Luk 3:41b A Isa. 40:3-5; John 1:23
For the rest of the verse, see notes in Mark 1:3.
Luk 3:4c Prepare Luke 1:76; Isa. 57:14
Luk 3:51 ravine
Ravine, mountain, crooked places, and rough ways are figures of speech describing the condition of men’s hearts toward God and toward one another, and the relationships among men (1:16-17), which needed to be dealt with to prepare the way for the Savior’s coming.
Luk 3:5a mountain Isa. 49:11; Zech. 4:7
Luk 3:5b crooked Isa. 42:16
Luk 3:61 flesh
I.e., fallen men.
Luk 3:62a salvation Luke 2:30; Psa. 98:2-3
The Savior is the salvation of God. When He comes, the salvation of God comes. To see and receive Him is to see and receive the salvation of God.
Luk 3:71 Offspring
The offspring of vipers are the children of the devil (1 John 3:10). The devil is the ancient serpent (Rev. 12:9); hence, his children become serpents with the same life and nature that he has.
Luk 3:7a vipers Matt. 23:33; Psa. 140:3
Luk 3:7b wrath Rom. 2:5, 8; 5:9; 1 Thes. 1:10
Luk 3:8a worthy Acts 26:20
Luk 3:8b Abraham John 8:33, 39; Rom. 9:7
Luk 3:81 raise
See note 91 in Matt. 3.
Luk 3:9a good Matt. 7:19
Luk 3:10a What Acts 2:37; 16:30; 22:10
Luk 3:111a tunics Isa. 58:7; Ezek. 18:7, 16
A shirt-like undergarment. So throughout the book.
Luk 3:12a tax Luke 7:29; 18:13-14; Matt. 21:32
Luk 3:141 take
See note 82 in ch. 19.
Luk 3:151 expectation
Expecting to know whether John might be the Christ, the Messiah (John 1:19-27).
Luk 3:161 baptize
For vv. 16-17, see notes in Matt. 3:11-12 and Mark 1:7-8.
Luk 3:16a water John 1:26; Acts 1:5
Luk 3:16b Holy John 1:33; Acts 11:15-16
Luk 3:17a threshing Micah 4:12
Luk 3:17b barn Matt. 13:30
Luk 3:171c fire Mark 9:48
The fire in the lake of fire (Rev. 20:15).
Luk 3:181a announced Luke 2:10; 4:43
See note 431 in ch. 4.
Luk 3:19a Herodias Matt. 14:3-4
Luk 3:211a baptized vv. 21-22: Matt. 3:13-17; Mark 1:9-11
For vv. 21-22, see notes in Matt. 3:16-17 and Mark 1:9-11.
Luk 3:221a Holy Luke 4:18; John 1:32; Acts 10:38
The Holy Spirit’s conceiving of Jesus in 1:35 was essential, related to the divine being, the divine person, of Jesus. The essence of the Holy Spirit’s divine element in the conception of Jesus was unchangeable and irremovable. However, theHoly Spirit’s descending upon Jesus here was economical, related to the ministry, the work, of Jesus. The power of the Holy Spirit for the ministry of Jesus (4:14, 18; Matt. 12:28) could be removed from Him, depending on the need for it. It was in such an economical way that God forsook and left Jesus while He was carrying the sinners’ sin in dying for them on the cross (Matt. 27:46). The Holy Spirit in power descended upon Him here, but He had the Holy Spirit in essence from His birth; and while the Holy Spirit in power was descending upon Him, He was existing with the Holy Spirit in essence.
Luk 3:22b Beloved Eph. 1:6; Col. 1:13
Luk 3:231 thirty
The full age for God’s service (Num. 4:3, 35, 39-40, 43-44, 47-48).
Luk 3:232 so
Lit., according to law.
Luk 3:233 son
See note 11 in Matt. 1. The record of John’s Gospel, the Gospel of the God-Savior, begins from God and comes to man (John 1:1, 14), emphasizing Christ’s divinity to attest to His divine-human status. The genealogy of Luke’s Gospel, the Gospel of the Man-Savior, begins from man and traces back to God (vv. 23, 38), stressing Christ’s humanity to affirm His human-divine status. He was born a man to bring God to man that He might accomplish redemption to bring man to God. In Him God and man are joined together.
Luk 3:234b Joseph Luke 4:22; John 6:42
See notes 161 and 162 in Matt. 1.
Luk 3:271a Zerubbabel Ezra 3:2
See note 122 in Matt. 1.
Luk 3:311a Nathan 2 Sam. 5:14; Zech. 12:12
See note 63, pars. 2 and 3, in Matt. 1.
Luk 3:31b David 1 Sam. 17:12
Luk 3:32a Jesse vv. 32-34a: Matt. 1:1-5
Luk 3:34a Terah vv. 34b-36a: Gen. 11:10-26
Luk 3:36a Noah vv. 36b-38: Gen. 5:3-32
Luk 3:381 Adam
See note 11, par. 4, in Matt. 1.
Luk 3:382 son
This does not mean that Adam was born of God and possessed the life of God, just as son of Joseph does not mean that Jesus was born of Joseph; rather, He was thought to be the son of Joseph (v. 23). Adam was created by God (Gen. 5:1-2), and God was his origin. Based on this he was considered the son of God, even as the heathen poets considered all mankind to be the offspring of God (Acts 17:28). Mankind was only created by God, not regenerated of Him. This is absolutely and intrinsically different from the believers in Christ being the sons of God. They have been born, regenerated, of God and possess God’s life and nature (John 1:12-13; 3:16; 2 Pet. 1:4).
Luk 3:383 God
From Jesus (v. 23) back to God there are seventy-seven generations, in which are seen the history of God’s creation, man’s fall, God’s promise, and man’s salvation: of God, man was created (v. 38; Gen. 1:26-27; 2:7); in Adam, man became fallen (v. 38; Gen. 3); through Abraham, man received God’s promise (v. 34; Gen. 12:1-3); and in Jesus, man is saved (v. 23; 2:10-11).
Luk 4:11 Jesus
For vv. 1-13, see notes in Matt. 4:1-11.
Luk 4:12a Holy Luke 4:14, 18
See note 221 in ch. 3.
Luk 4:1b Jordan Matt. 3:13
Luk 4:13 by
Or, in.
Luk 4:1c Spirit Ezek. 11:1; Acts 8:39
Luk 4:1d wilderness vv. 1-13: Matt. 4:1-11; Mark 1:12-13
Luk 4:41
Some MSS add, but on every word of God.
Luk 4:6a authority Rev. 13:2, 7
Luk 4:61 has
This must have occurred in the preadamic age. The devil’s word here indicates that when God anointed the archangel to be the head of the preadamic age (Ezek. 28:13-14), the authority and glory of the kingdom of the earth must have been given to him. The Lord’s word in John 12:31 confirms this. After he rebelled against God and became God’s enemy, Satan, he was judged by God (Isa. 14:12-15), but the full execution of God’s judgment upon him will not be completed until the end of the millennium (Rev. 20:7-10). Hence, until that time he has authority over the kingdoms of the earth. He tempted the Lord Jesus by offering this authority and its glory to Him. His evil offer was rejected by God’s Christ, but it will be accepted by the Antichrist, the man of lawlessness (2 Thes. 2:3-4), at the end of this age (Rev. 13:4) for the executing of Satan’s evil strategy against God. Only by Christ, who lives in us, can we reject the evil tempter.
Luk 4:81
Some MSS add, Go away, behind Me, Satan.
Luk 4:8a You Deut. 6:13
Luk 4:82 serve
Lit., serve as a priest.
Luk 4:91 wing
See note 51 in Matt. 4.
Luk 4:12a You Deut. 6:16; Isa. 7:12
Luk 4:121 test
See note 72 in Matt. 4.
Luk 4:131 until
Indicating that the devil would seek for another time and would come back to tempt Him again and again at any time he saw fit (Matt. 16:22-23; John 8:40; Luke 22:53; John 6:70-71).
Luk 4:141a Spirit Luke 4:1, 18
See note 221 in ch. 3.
Luk 4:14b Galilee Matt. 4:12; John 4:43; Acts 10:37
Luk 4:142c reports Luke 4:37
Or, the fame concerning Him went out.
Luk 4:151a taught Luke 4:31
See note 212 in Mark 1. So in v. 31.
Luk 4:152b synagogues Matt. 4:23; 9:35; John 18:20
See notes 211 in Mark 1 and 21 in James 2.
Luk 4:153 glorified
I.e., praised, extolled.
Luk 4:16a came vv. 16-24: Matt. 13:54-58; Mark 6:1-6
Luk 4:16b Nazareth Matt. 2:23; Luke 2:39, 51
Luk 4:16e synagogue Acts 13:14
Luk 4:16f read Acts 13:27; 15:21
Luk 4:181b Spirit Luke 4:1, 14; Isa. 42:1
See note 221 in ch. 3.
Luk 4:18c anointed Dan. 9:26; cf. Lev. 8:12; 1 Sam. 16:12-13
Luk 4:182d announce Luke 3:18; 4:43
See note 431. To announce the gospel was the first commission of the Savior as God’s anointed One, Messiah.
Luk 4:183e poor Matt. 11:5; Luke 6:20
Poor in heavenly, spiritual, and divine things (12:21; Rev. 3:17; cf. Matt. 5:3).
Luk 4:18f release Psa. 146:7-8; Zech. 9:11-12; Rom. 6:18, 22
Luk 4:184 captives
Prisoners of war, exiles and prisoners under Satan’s bondage (Isa. 42:7).
Luk 4:185 recovery
Recovery of sight is related to being released from the power of Satan (Acts 26:18).
Luk 4:186g blind Acts 26:18
Those who are blind physically and spiritually (Zeph. 1:17; John 9:39-41; 1 John 2:11; Rev. 3:17).
Luk 4:187h oppressed Isa. 58:6
From a verb meaning to break in pieces (Matt. 12:20). Here it denotes being oppressed under Satan in sickness or in sin (13:11-13; John 8:34).
Luk 4:191 acceptable
The New Testament age, typified by the year of jubilee (Lev. 25:8-17). The New Testament age would be the time when God would accept the returned captives of sin (Isa. 49:8; 2 Cor. 6:2) and when those oppressed under the bondage of sin would enjoy the release of God’s salvation and keep the New Testament jubilee.
Luk 4:21a fulfilled Matt. 1:22
Luk 4:22a marveled Luke 4:32; Matt. 7:28; Mark 6:2
Luk 4:221 words
Referring to the words in v. 21, and including the words of the gospel in vv. 18-19.
Luk 4:222c Joseph’s Luke 3:23
They knew the Savior according to His flesh (2 Cor. 5:16), not according to the Spirit (Rom. 1:4).
Luk 4:23a yourself Matt. 27:42; Luke 23:39
Luk 4:23b Capernaum Luke 4:31; Matt. 4:13; 11:23
Luk 4:25a Elijah 1 Kings 17:1; 18:1; James 5:17
Luk 4:261a Sarepta 1 Kings 17:9
The Old Testament name is Zarephath (1 Kings 17:9).
Luk 4:26b Sidon Matt. 15:21 and note
Luk 4:262 woman
This was a case of feeding, signifying the Lord’s feeding of the hungry (John 6:33, 35). The case of Naaman in the next verse is a case of cleansing, signifying the Lord’s cleansing of sinners (1 Cor. 6:11). The Savior’s mentioning of these two cases implied that His gospel would turn to the Gentiles (Acts 13:45-48; see notes 211 and 221 in Matt. 15)—not because His standard of morality was unable to embrace the Jews but because of the Jews’ hardhearted rejection of Him.
Luk 4:27a lepers 2 Kings 7:3
Luk 4:27b Naaman 2 Kings 5:1-5
Luk 4:28a anger Luke 6:11; John 7:23; cf. Acts 7:54
Luk 4:29a cast Acts 7:58; cf. Num. 15:35
Luk 4:301 passing
Showing His steadiness under the threatening of His opposers.
Luk 4:30a went John 8:59; 10:39
Luk 4:31a came vv. 31-37: Mark 1:21-28
Luk 4:31b Capernaum Luke 4:23; 7:1; Matt. 4:13; Mark 1:21
Luk 4:31c taught Matt. 4:23; Mark 6:2
Luk 4:321b authority Matt. 7:28-29; Mark 1:22
See note 221 in Mark 1.
Luk 4:331a spirit Luke 6:18
See note 231 in Mark 1.
Luk 4:341 Ah
An interjection expressing anger or dismay. The Greek word may be translated Let us alone.
Luk 4:342a What Matt. 8:29
Lit., What to us and to You. A Hebrew idiom.
Luk 4:34b Nazarene Luke 4:16; John 1:45
Luk 4:34c know Acts 19:15
Luk 4:34d Holy Psa. 16:10; Luke 1:35
Luk 4:361a authority Luke 4:32; cf. Matt. 8:27
See note 271 in Mark 1.
Luk 4:371a reports Luke 4:14
Or, a sound.
Luk 4:38a entered vv. 38-41: Matt. 8:14-17; Mark 1:29-34
Luk 4:381 Simon’s
In vv. 38-41; 5:12-14; and 7:1-10, the order in the narration of the incidents is according to morality; this differs from the order in Matt. 8:2-16 and Mark 1:29—2:1. See note 161, par. 2, in Matt. 8.
Luk 4:382 suffering
Lit., constrained.
Luk 4:383 fever
See notes 301 and 311 in Mark 1.
Luk 4:39a rebuked Luke 4:41; 8:24; 9:42
Luk 4:40a laid Mark 5:23; 16:18
Luk 4:41a crying Mark 3:11-12; Acts 16:17-18
Luk 4:41b Son Matt. 14:33
Luk 4:41c not Luke 4:35; Mark 1:25
Luk 4:41d Christ Luke 2:11, 26
Luk 4:42c sought Mark 1:36, 37
Luk 4:431a announce Luke 2:10; 3:18; 8:1; 16:16; Matt. 4:23; 24:14; Acts 8:12
The Greek word means to announce good news, to declare (bring) glad tidings, to preach (the gospel). Hence, to announce the gospel of the kingdom of God is to preach the kingdom of God as the gospel, the good news.
Luk 4:432 kingdom
The kingdom of God is the Savior (see note 211 in ch. 17) as the seed of life sown into His believers, God’s chosen people (Mark 4:3, 26), and developing into a realm over which God can rule as His kingdom in His divine life. The entrance into the kingdom is regeneration (John 3:5), and the development of the kingdom is the believers’ growth in the divine life (2 Pet. 1:3-11). The kingdom is the church life today, in which the faithful believers live (Rom. 14:17), and it will develop into the coming kingdom as a reward to be inherited (Gal. 5:21; Eph. 5:5) by the overcoming saints in the millennium (Rev. 20:4, 6). Eventually, it will consummate in the New Jerusalem as the eternal kingdom of God, an eternal realm of the eternal blessing of God’s eternal life, which all God’s redeemed will enjoy in the new heaven and new earth for eternity—Rev. 21:1-4; 22:1-5, 14 (see notes 151 in Mark 1, and 31, 32, 261, 263 in Mark 4). Such a kingdom, the kingdom of God, is what the Savior announced here as the gospel, the good news, to those who were alienated from the life of God (Eph. 4:18).
Luk 4:433 this
See note 382 in Mark 1.
Luk 4:441 preached
See note 142 in Mark 1.
Luk 4:44a synagogues Matt. 4:23; Mark 1:39
Luk 4:442 Judea
Some MSS read, Galilee; corresponding with Mark 1:39 and Matt. 4:23. Galilee was a part of the country of the Jews, which was commonly called Judea (see notes 171 in ch. 7 and 51 in ch. 23).
Luk 5:1a standing vv. 1-11: Matt. 4:18-22; Mark 1:16-20
Luk 5:11 lake
A common name for the Sea of Galilee (Matt. 4:18; Mark 1:16).
Luk 5:1b Gennesaret Matt. 14:34
Luk 5:21 saw
The events in vv. 2-10a are not in the record in Matt. 4:18-22 or Mark 1:16-20.
Luk 5:3a boats Matt. 13:2
Luk 5:31 Simon’s
Previously, Simon had been brought to the Lord by his brother Andrew (John 1:40-42).
Luk 5:51 Master
One who exercises any kind of oversight.
Luk 5:6a fish John 21:11
Luk 5:101 partners
The word here denotes a close association, a common interest.
Luk 5:102a catching Acts 2:41
This was the Lord’s calling of Peter by means of a miracle in fishing. (See note 61, par. 2, in John 21.) The Greek word for catch alive is a compound of living and to catch; hence, to catch alive, to take captive alive (in war), instead of killing. The common fishers catch fish unto death. But Peter was called by the Lord to be a fisher of men (Matt. 4:19) that he might catch men unto life (Acts 2:38; 11:18).
Luk 5:11a left Luke 18:28
Luk 5:11b followed Luke 5:27; 9:57-62
Luk 5:121a man vv. 12-15: Matt. 8:2-4; Mark 1:40-45
For vv. 12-15, see notes in Matt. 8:2-4 and Mark 1:40-45.
Luk 5:12b fell Luke 17:16
Luk 5:14a no Matt. 9:30; Mark 5:43; 7:36
Luk 5:14b priest Lev. 13:49; Luke 17:14
Luk 5:14d testimony Matt. 10:18; Luke 9:5
Luk 5:15a great Matt. 4:25; Mark 3:8; John 6:2
Luk 5:15b healed Mark 1:34; 6:56
Luk 5:16a wilderness Luke 4:42
Luk 5:161b prayed Matt. 14:23
See note 351 in Mark 1.
Luk 5:17a teachers Acts 5:34; 1 Tim. 1:7
Luk 5:17d power Luke 6:19; 8:46
Luk 5:171 was
Other MSS read, was there to heal them.
Luk 5:181b man vv. 18-26: Matt. 9:2-8; Mark 2:3-12
For vv. 18-26, see notes in Matt. 9:2-8 and Mark 2:3-12.
Luk 5:20a faith Luke 7:9; Mark 10:52; Acts 3:16
Luk 5:21a blasphemies Matt. 26:65; John 10:36
Luk 5:21b forgive Psa. 32:5; Isa. 43:25
Luk 5:22a knowing John 2:24-25; 5:42
Luk 5:25a glorifying Luke 7:16
Luk 5:271a tax Matt. 5:46; 11:19
For vv. 27-32, see notes in Matt. 9:9-13 and Mark 2:13-17.
Luk 5:27b sitting vv. 27-32: Matt. 9:9-13; Mark 2:14-17
Luk 5:291 house
A saved one should open his house for the Lord’s enjoyment.
Luk 5:30a scribes Acts 4:5; 23:9
Luk 5:30b eat Matt. 11:19; Luke 15:2
Luk 5:32b sinners 1 Tim. 1:15
Luk 5:32c repentance Luke 13:3, 5; 15:10; 24:47; Acts 5:31; Matt. 4:17; 11:20; Mark 1:15
Luk 5:33a said vv. 33-39: Matt. 9:14-17; Mark 2:18-22
Luk 5:331b disciples Luke 11:1; John 1:35; 3:25
For vv. 33-39, see notes in Matt. 9:14-17.
Luk 5:33c fast Luke 2:37; 18:12
Luk 5:34a bridegroom John 3:29
Luk 5:361 he
Or, the new will tear, and the patch from the new…
Luk 6:11 And
For vv. 1-5, see notes in Matt. 12:1-8 and Mark 2:23-28.
Luk 6:12 one
Many MSS read, the second first Sabbath; i.e., the second Sabbath after the first.
Luk 6:1a Sabbath vv. 1-5: Matt. 12:1-8; Mark 2:23-28
Luk 6:1b ears Deut. 23:25
Luk 6:2a Pharisees Matt. 9:11
Luk 6:2b not Exo. 20:10
Luk 6:3a David 1 Sam. 21:1-6
Luk 6:4a bread Exo. 25:30; Lev. 24:5-9
Luk 6:61 on
For vv. 6-11, see notes in Matt. 12:9-14 and Mark 3:1-6.
Luk 6:6a synagogue Luke 4:15; Matt. 4:23; Mark 6:2
Luk 6:62 taught
See note 212 in Mark 1.
Luk 6:6b man vv. 6-11: Matt. 12:9-14; Mark 3:1-6
Luk 6:9a lawful Luke 14:3; cf. Luke 13:14
Luk 6:91 life
Lit., soul; referring to the soul-life.
Luk 6:10a looking Mark 3:34; 5:32; 10:23
Luk 6:111a rage Luke 4:28
Or, folly; implying senseless rage. As a sign that tests people, the Man-Savior caused people to be exposed (2:34-35); some were humble and received grace, and others were haughty and became enraged.
Luk 6:11b discussed Matt. 21:46; 26:4; 27:1
Luk 6:121a pray Matt. 14:23
See note 351 in Mark 1.
Luk 6:122 prayer
Lit., the prayer of God.
Luk 6:131a called vv. 13-16: Matt. 10:1-4; Mark 3:13-19
For vv. 13-16, see notes in Matt. 10:1-4.
Luk 6:14a Simon vv. 14-16: Acts 1:13
Luk 6:14b Peter John 1:42; Matt. 16:18
Luk 6:14c Andrew John 1:40; Matt. 4:18
Luk 6:15a Matthew Matt. 9:9; Luke 5:27
Luk 6:16a Judas John 14:22
Luk 6:161 brother
Or, son.
Luk 6:17a great vv. 17-19: Mark 3:7-12
Luk 6:17b Tyre Matt. 11:21
Luk 6:19a touch Matt. 14:36
Luk 6:19b power Luke 8:46; 4:36; 5:17
Luk 6:20b said vv. 20-23: Matt. 5:2-12
Luk 6:201 Blessed
Whatever was decreed in Matt. 5—7, as the constitution of the kingdom of the heavens, constitutes the reality of the kingdom of the heavens. Whatever is cited here in vv. 20-49, as principles of the character of God’s children, governs and measures the behavior of the believers, who have been born of God and possess His life and nature. At the time it was spoken, this entire portion (except vv. 24-26, 39) applied to the believing remnant of the Jews. In terms of the standard of character, the principles contained in this portion far surpassed the law that the Jews received from Moses.
Luk 6:202c poor Matt. 11:5; James 2:5
For vv. 20-23, see notes in Matt. 5:3-12.
Luk 6:203d kingdom Luke 12:32
See note 432 in ch. 4.
Luk 6:21b weep Isa. 61:2-3; John 16:20
Luk 6:22a hate Matt. 10:22
Luk 6:22b reproach 1 Pet. 4:14; Heb. 13:13
Luk 6:22c cast cf. John 9:22; 16:2
Luk 6:23a Rejoice Acts 5:41; 1 Pet. 4:13
Luk 6:23b prophets 2 Chron. 36:16; Acts 7:51-52
Luk 6:241 But
At the time they were spoken, vv. 24-26 could have applied to the unbelieving Jews, who hardened their hearts and rejected the Savior.
Luk 6:24b rich Luke 18:23; James 5:1
Luk 6:242c received Luke 6:25
In Greek this word was used in a commercial sense to acknowledge receipt of full payment.
Luk 6:25a hunger Isa. 65:13-14
Luk 6:25b laughing Prov. 14:13
Luk 6:26a prophets Isa. 30:10; Jer. 5:31; Micah 2:11; Matt. 7:15
Luk 6:271 Love
For vv. 27-36, see notes in Matt. 5:38-48.
Luk 6:27a enemies Luke 6:35; Matt. 5:44; Exo. 23:4; Prov. 25:21; Rom. 12:20
Luk 6:28a Bless 1 Pet. 3:9; Rom. 12:14
Luk 6:28b pray cf. Luke 23:34; Acts 7:60
Luk 6:29a beats Matt. 5:39; 26:67; Isa. 50:6; Lam. 3:30
Luk 6:30a give Luke 6:38; Matt. 5:42; Deut. 15:10
Luk 6:32a love Matt. 5:46-47
Luk 6:321 thanks
Lit., favor. So in the succeeding verses. Thanks corresponds with a reward, and what refers to the quality of the reward; hence, what thanks means what kind of reward.
Luk 6:34a lend cf. Matt. 5:42
Luk 6:35b lend Deut. 15:8; Psa. 37:26; 112:5; Prov. 19:17
Luk 6:351 expecting
Or, considering nothing as loss.
Luk 6:35c sons Matt. 5:45
Luk 6:36a as Matt. 5:48; Eph. 5:1
Luk 6:36b compassion James 5:11
Luk 6:371 do
For vv. 37-38, see notes in Matt. 7:1-2.
Luk 6:37a not Matt. 7:1; Rom. 14:13; 1 Cor. 4:5
Luk 6:37b not cf. John 3:17; 8:10-11
Luk 6:37c release Matt. 6:14-15; Eph. 4:32
Luk 6:38a Give Luke 6:30; Deut. 15:10; Prov. 19:17
Luk 6:381 bosom
“The gathered fold of the wide upper garment, bound together with the girdle, and thus forming a pouch” (Vincent).
Luk 6:38b measure Matt. 7:2; cf. Mark 4:24
Luk 6:391 A
At the time it was spoken, this word could have applied to the leaders among the Jews.
Luk 6:392 blind
See note 141 in Matt. 15.
Luk 6:39a guide Matt. 15:14
Luk 6:40a disciple Matt. 10:24
Luk 6:411 look
For vv. 41-42, see notes in Matt. 7:3-5.
Luk 6:41a splinter Matt. 7:3-5
Luk 6:421 Hypocrite
See note 22 in Matt. 6.
Luk 6:43a no vv. 43-44: Matt. 7:16-20
Luk 6:44a known Matt. 12:33
Luk 6:45a good Matt. 12:35
Luk 6:45b out Matt. 12:34; 15:18-19
Luk 6:46a Lord Matt. 7:21-23; 25:11; Luke 13:25
Luk 6:471 Everyone
For vv. 47-49, see notes in Matt. 7:24-27.
Luk 6:47a hears vv. 47-49: Matt. 7:24-27
Luk 6:49a collapsed Ezek. 13:10-16
Luk 7:11 hearing
Lit., ears.
Luk 7:12a entered vv. 1-10: Matt. 8:5-13
For vv. 1-10, see notes in Matt. 8:5-13.
Luk 7:2a centurion’s Acts 10:1
Luk 7:31 completely
Lit., save his slave thoroughly.
Luk 7:5a synagogue Mark 1:21; James 2:2
Luk 7:7a word Matt. 8:16; Psa. 107:20
Luk 7:111 soon
Or, on the next day.
Luk 7:12a only Luke 8:42; 9:38
Luk 7:131 moved
This case is unique in the misery it portrays—a widow’s only son was being carried in a coffin. The Savior’s compassion also was unique in His loving sympathy—in His tender mercy He offered His power of resurrection to raise the widow’s son from death, without being asked to do so. This indicates His unique commission, which was to come to save lost sinners (19:10), and shows the high standard of His morality, as a Man-Savior, in saving sinners.
Luk 7:13a compassion Matt. 20:34; Mark 1:41
Luk 7:14a Arise Luke 8:54; Acts 9:40
Luk 7:16a fear Luke 5:26; Matt. 9:8
Luk 7:16b glorified Luke 2:20; 5:25-26; 13:13; 17:15; 23:47; Acts 4:21; 11:18
Luk 7:16c prophet Deut. 18:15; Acts 7:37; Luke 7:39; 24:19; John 4:19; 6:14; 7:40; 9:17
Luk 7:16d visited Exo. 4:31; Luke 1:68; 19:44
Luk 7:171 Judea
A common name of the country of the Jews, including Galilee, where the city of Nain was (see note 442 in ch. 4).
Luk 7:181 John’s
For vv. 18-35, see notes in Matt. 11:2-19.
Luk 7:18a disciples Matt. 9:14
Luk 7:18b reported vv. 18-35: Matt. 11:2-19
Luk 7:191 the
Some MSS read, Jesus.
Luk 7:19a Coming Gen. 49:10; Psa. 118:26; Zech. 9:9; Rom. 5:14
Luk 7:21a healed Matt. 8:16
Luk 7:21b blind Matt. 12:22; 15:31; 21:14; Mark 8:23; 10:52; John 9:6
Luk 7:22b lame Matt. 15:30-31
Luk 7:22c lepers Luke 17:12-14
Luk 7:22e dead Luke 7:15; John 11:44
Luk 7:221 announced
See note 431 in ch. 4.
Luk 7:231 blessed
When it looks as if the Lord will not act on our behalf, we are blessed if we are not stumbled.
Luk 7:23a stumbled Isa. 8:14-15; Matt. 26:31
Luk 7:24a wilderness Luke 1:80; 3:2
Luk 7:26a prophet Matt. 14:5; Luke 1:76; 20:6
Luk 7:27a Behold Mal. 3:1; Mark 1:2
Luk 7:29a acknowledged Psa. 51:4; Rom. 3:4
Luk 7:29c baptism Acts 18:25; 19:3
Luk 7:30a Pharisees Matt. 23:13
Luk 7:301b lawyers Luke 10:25; 11:45; 14:3; Matt. 22:35
Not practitioners of law but scholars in the Mosaic law.
Luk 7:302 rejected
Or, set aside, nullified.
Luk 7:30c counsel Acts 2:23; 20:27
Luk 7:32a marketplace Luke 11:43
Luk 7:33a eating cf. Matt. 3:4
Luk 7:34a eating Mark 2:16; Luke 15:1-2; 7:36
Luk 7:36a eat Luke 11:37; 14:1
Luk 7:371 brought
Or, provided.
Luk 7:37a ointment Matt. 26:7; Mark 14:3; John 12:3
Luk 7:381a hair John 11:2
The hair is the glory of the woman (1 Cor. 11:15) and is at the top of her body. With her top part she wiped the Savior’s feet, the lowest part of His body, loving Him with her glory.
Luk 7:382 affectionately
In love.
Luk 7:383 ointment
Indicating the woman’s appreciation of the Savior’s great worth and sweetness. Even the Savior’s feet were precious and sweet to her affection.
Luk 7:391 if
A large crowd in Nain, having witnessed the Savior’s power of resurrection, recognized the Savior as a great prophet (v. 16). Yet the Pharisee wondered if He was a prophet. He not only doubted the Savior but also despised the woman as a sinner.
Luk 7:39b prophet Luke 7:16; John 4:19
Luk 7:39c who cf. Luke 22:64
Luk 7:401 answered
Showing the Savior’s omniscience.
Luk 7:411 two
Simon considered only the woman, not himself, a sinner and doubted that the Savior knew that she was a sinner. But the Savior’s parable indicated that both Simon and the woman were sinners—debtors to Him—and that both needed His forgiveness.
Luk 7:41a debtors cf. Matt. 18:24-27
Luk 7:412 denarii
See note 71 in John 6.
Luk 7:421 nothing
Indicating that sinners have nothing with which to repay their debt to God their Savior.
Luk 7:422a forgave Eph. 4:32; Col. 2:13; 3:13
Indicating that the Savior had already forgiven both of them.
Luk 7:423 therefore
Indicating that their love for the Savior was the issue, not the cause, of the Savior’s forgiveness.
Luk 7:441 give
The Savior’s word in vv. 44-46 indicates that Simon should have taken the woman as an example and learned of her.
Luk 7:45a kiss 2 Sam. 19:39; 20:9
Luk 7:46a oil Psa. 23:5; 141:5
Luk 7:471 loved
Her loving much was a proof that her many sins had been forgiven; Simon’s loving little testified that he had been forgiven only a little.
Luk 7:481 Your
This case and the case in Nain of the widow’s only son (vv. 11-17) are found only in this Gospel. These cases display the Savior’s tender care for the dead and sinful and convey the principle of morality as the unique characteristic of this Gospel.
Luk 7:48a forgiven Luke 5:20; 1 John 2:12
Luk 7:491a Who Luke 5:21
Those who were reclining at the table with Him did not realize that this Man-Savior was the very God, who had authority to forgive man’s sins. See note 71 in Mark 2.
Luk 7:501a faith Luke 5:20; 8:48; 18:42
The forgiven woman had not only love toward the Savior but also faith in Him, which operated through love (Gal. 5:6) and issued in peace. The faith that saved her brought her to the Savior in love and resulted in her going forward in peace. Faith, love, and peace are three crucial virtues in experiencing and enjoying the Savior’s salvation. Faith is brought forth by knowing the Savior in His saving power and virtue. Love comes out of this faith and brings in peace; then we follow the Savior. In following the Savior in our living, faith and love bring us peace that we may enjoy the Lord’s life and grow in it.
Luk 7:502 in
Lit., into.
Luk 7:50b peace 1 Sam. 1:17; Mark 5:34
Luk 8:11 preaching
Proclaiming as a herald.
Luk 8:12b announcing Luke 3:18; 4:43; 16:16
See note 431 in ch. 4.
Luk 8:21a women Luke 23:49, 55; Matt. 27:55-56
The twelve called ones were following the Savior (v. 1), and the healed women were ministering to the Savior and His followers out of their own possessions (v. 3). A beautiful picture!
Luk 8:3a Joanna Luke 24:10
Luk 8:31 them
Some MSS read, Him.
Luk 8:4a parable vv. 4-10: Matt. 13:3-15; Mark 4:2-12
Luk 8:51 sower
For vv. 5-15, see notes in Matt. 13:3-23 and Mark 4:2-20.
Luk 8:7a thorns Gen. 3:18; Jer. 4:3
Luk 8:8a hundredfold Gen. 26:12
Luk 8:8b hear Matt. 11:15
Luk 8:10a mysteries 1 Cor. 2:6-10; Col. 1:27
Luk 8:101 kingdom
See note 432 in ch. 4.
Luk 8:11a parable vv. 11-15: Matt. 13:18-23; Mark 4:13-20
Luk 8:11b word Mark 2:2; 4:33; 16:20; Luke 1:2; Acts 8:4; James 1:21; Rev. 1:2, 9; 1 Pet. 1:23
Luk 8:12a saved Mark 16:16
Luk 8:13a joy Isa. 58:2; John 5:35
Luk 8:13b trial James 1:2, 12; 1 Pet. 1:6
Luk 8:14a anxieties Matt. 6:25
Luk 8:14b riches 1 Tim. 6:9
Luk 8:14c pleasures 2 Tim. 3:4; Titus 3:3; James 4:1, 3
Luk 8:141 life
Gk. bios, meaning life and referring to one’s material living.
Luk 8:15a noble Acts 17:11
Luk 8:15b bear John 15:5, 16; Col. 1:6
Luk 8:15c endurance Rom. 5:3; 2 Pet. 1:6; Heb. 10:36
Luk 8:16a no vv. 16-18: Mark 4:21-25
Luk 8:161b lamp Luke 11:33; Matt. 5:15
For vv. 16-18, see notes in Mark 4:21-25.
Luk 8:17a hidden Luke 12:2; Matt. 10:26
Luk 8:18a Take Luke 12:15; 17:3; 21:34
Luk 8:18b hear cf. Luke 8:11-15
Luk 8:18c has Luke 19:26; Matt. 13:12; 25:29
Luk 8:191 mother
For vv. 19-21, see notes in Matt. 12:46-50 and Mark 3:31-35.
Luk 8:19a brothers Matt. 13:55; Mark 6:3; John 2:12; 7:3; Acts 1:14; 1 Cor. 9:5; Gal. 1:19
Luk 8:19b came vv. 19-21: Matt. 12:46-50; Mark 3:31-35
Luk 8:21a hear Luke 11:28; James 1:22
Luk 8:221 got
For vv. 22-25, see notes in Matt. 8:23-27 and Mark 4:36-41.
Luk 8:22a boat vv. 22-25: Matt. 8:23-27; Mark 4:36-41; cf. John 6:16-21
Luk 8:22b other Matt. 8:18; 14:22
Luk 8:241 Master
See note 51 in ch. 5.
Luk 8:24a rebuked Psa. 104:7; Luke 4:39
Luk 8:24b ceased Job 38:11; Matt. 14:32
Luk 8:24c calm Psa. 65:7; 89:9; 107:29
Luk 8:25a became Luke 1:65; 5:26; Acts 2:43
Luk 8:261 sailed
For vv. 26-39, see notes in Matt. 8:28-34 and Mark 5:1-20.
Luk 8:26a Gerasenes vv. 26-39: Matt. 8:28-34; Mark 5:1-20
Luk 8:28a cried Luke 4:33-34; Acts 8:7
Luk 8:28b Most Luke 1:32; 6:35; Gen. 14:18; Num. 24:16; Psa. 57:2; Dan. 3:26
Luk 8:29a unclean Luke 4:33; 11:24
Luk 8:31a abyss Rev. 9:1-2; 20:3
Luk 8:35a sitting Luke 10:39
Luk 8:361 healed
Lit., saved.
Luk 8:37a depart Acts 16:39
Luk 8:37b fear Luke 1:65; 5:26; 7:16
Luk 8:401a returning vv. 40-56: Matt. 9:1, 18-26; Mark 5:21-43
See note 11 in Matt. 9.
Luk 8:411 man
For vv. 41-56, see notes in Matt. 9:18-26 and Mark 5:22-43.
Luk 8:41a ruler Luke 13:14; Acts 13:15; 18:8, 17
Luk 8:421 pressed
Or, were stifling Him.
Luk 8:43a flow Lev. 15:25
Luk 8:431 had
Some MSS omit, had spent all her livelihood on physicians and yet.
Luk 8:44a fringe Num. 15:38; Deut. 22:12; Matt. 14:36
Luk 8:451
Some MSS add, and those with him.
Luk 8:46a power Luke 6:19; Acts 10:38
Luk 8:48a faith Luke 17:19; 7:50
Luk 8:481 healed
Lit., saved. So also in v. 50.
Luk 8:482 in
Lit., into. Before a person is saved, he does not know the way of peace (Rom. 3:17). The Lord’s salvation brings man to the way of peace (1:79).
Luk 8:49b Teacher John 11:28
Luk 8:51a Peter Luke 9:28; Mark 14:33
Luk 8:511 John
Some MSS read, James and John.
Luk 8:52b sleeping John 11:11, 13
Luk 8:55a spirit cf. Judg. 15:19; 1 Sam. 30:12
Luk 9:1a called Luke 6:13; Matt. 10:1; Mark 3:13; 6:7
Luk 9:11
Some MSS add, apostles.
Luk 9:12b authority Mark 3:15
See notes 271 in Mark 1 and 12 in Matt. 10.
Luk 9:2a sent Matt. 10:5; Luke 10:1
Luk 9:21b kingdom Luke 9:11, 60, 62
See note 432 in ch. 4. So throughout the chapter.
Luk 9:2c heal Luke 9:11; Matt. 10:8
Luk 9:3a Take vv. 3-5: Matt. 10:9-14; Mark 6:8-11; Luke 10:4-11
Luk 9:31 nor
See note 91 in Matt. 10.
Luk 9:5a shake Acts 13:51; cf. Neh. 5:13; Acts 18:6
Luk 9:7a Herod Luke 3:1, 19; Acts 13:1
Luk 9:7b heard vv. 7-9: Matt. 14:1-2; Mark 6:14-16
Luk 9:91a beheaded Matt. 14:6-12; Mark 6:21-29
See note 271 in Mark 6.
Luk 9:10b taking vv. 10-17: Matt. 14:13-21; Mark 6:31-44; John 6:1-13; cf. Matt. 15:32-38; Mark 8:1-9
Luk 9:11b kingdom Luke 9:2, 60
Luk 9:121 day
For vv. 12-17, see notes in Matt. 14:15-21.
Luk 9:12a Send Matt. 15:23
Luk 9:122 countryside
Or, farms.
Luk 9:13a give 2 Kings 4:42-44
Luk 9:13b five Matt. 16:9
Luk 9:141 groups
In the same way that people gather for a meal in a home, sitting in groups, table by table.
Luk 9:16a looking Mark 7:34; John 11:41; 17:1
Luk 9:16b blessed Matt. 26:26
Luk 9:171 twelve
See note 431 in Mark 6.
Luk 9:181 questioned
For vv. 18-27, see notes in Matt. 16:13-28.
Luk 9:18a Who vv. 18-20: Matt. 16:13-16; Mark 8:27-29
Luk 9:19a John Matt. 14:2; Mark 6:14; Luke 9:7
Luk 9:19b Elijah Matt. 17:10; Mark 6:15; Luke 9:8
Luk 9:20a Christ Matt. 1:17; Luke 2:26; 23:35; Rev. 11:15; 12:10
Luk 9:22a Saying vv. 22-27: Matt. 16:21-28; Mark 8:31–9:1
Luk 9:22b Son Matt. 17:12, 22-23; Mark 9:31; Luke 18:31; 24:7
Luk 9:221c rejected Luke 17:25; 1 Pet. 2:4
The Greek word means to be rejected on trial, implying deliberate rejection.
Luk 9:22d third Matt. 27:63; Luke 18:33; 24:7, 46
Luk 9:23a cross Matt. 10:38; Luke 14:27
Luk 9:23b daily 1 Cor. 15:31
Luk 9:241 lose
Or, destroy…destroys.
Luk 9:251 gains
A word used by merchants.
Luk 9:26a ashamed Rom. 1:16; 2 Tim. 1:8, 12, 16
Luk 9:26b comes Zech. 14:5; Matt. 24:30; 25:31; 26:64
Luk 9:26c holy Acts 10:22; Rev. 14:10
Luk 9:27b taste John 8:52; Heb. 2:9
Luk 9:281 eight
For vv. 28-36, see notes in Matt. 17:1-9.
Luk 9:28a took vv. 28-36: Matt. 17:1-9; Mark 9:2-9
Luk 9:28b Peter Luke 8:51; Mark 14:33
Luk 9:28c pray Matt. 14:23
Luk 9:29a different Mark 16:12
Luk 9:291 dazzling
Lit., flashing like lightning.
Luk 9:31a departure cf. 2 Pet. 1:15
Luk 9:32a sleep cf. Dan. 8:18; Matt. 26:43
Luk 9:34a cloud Exo. 24:15-16
Luk 9:35a voice Matt. 3:17; 2 Pet. 1:17
Luk 9:351 saying
This was God’s word of revelation. It interrupted Peter’s nonsensical word in v. 33.
Luk 9:352 Chosen
Some MSS read, Beloved.
Luk 9:361 had
Lit., occurred.
Luk 9:38a man vv. 38-42: Matt. 17:14-18; Mark 9:17-27
Luk 9:40a cast Matt. 10:1
Luk 9:41a perverted Phil. 2:15
Luk 9:42a rebuked Luke 4:35; Zech. 3:2; Jude 9
Luk 9:43a majesty 2 Pet. 1:16
Luk 9:43b said vv. 43b-45: Matt. 17:22-23; Mark 9:31-32
Luk 9:44b delivered Luke 18:32; 22:6; 24:7
Luk 9:45a not Luke 2:50; John 12:16; 16:18
Luk 9:45b concealed Luke 18:34
Luk 9:46a reasoning vv. 46-48: Matt. 18:1-5; Mark 9:33-37
Luk 9:46b greatest Luke 22:24
Luk 9:48a receives Matt. 10:40; John 13:20
Luk 9:481 because
Lit., upon, or, on; i.e., based on, according to.
Luk 9:48b great Matt. 23:11; Luke 22:26-27
Luk 9:49a John vv. 49-50: Mark 9:38-40
Luk 9:49b in Matt. 7:22; Mark 16:17; Luke 10:17
Luk 9:491c forbade Num. 11:28
See note 381 in Mark 9.
Luk 9:501 not
See note 391 in Mark 9.
Luk 9:502 he
See note 401 in Mark 9.
Luk 9:50a not Luke 11:23
Luk 9:51a taken cf. Acts 1:2, 9
Luk 9:511b Jerusalem Mark 10:1, 32; Luke 13:22; 17:11; 18:31; 19:11, 28
See note 11 in Mark 10.
Luk 9:52b Samaritans John 4:4, 9
Luk 9:541 command
James and John were called “sons of thunder,” indicating their impetuosity (Mark 3:17 and note 1). Their impetuous word here was against the virtue and morality of the Savior whom they accompanied (see note 381 in Mark 9).
Luk 9:54a fire cf. 2 Kings 1:9-14
Luk 9:542
Some MSS add, as also Elijah did.
Luk 9:551 and
Most ancient MSS omit, and said…you are.
Luk 9:552 You
This word, “You do not know of what kind of spirit you are,” which shows the high morality of the Man-Savior, is found only in Luke.
Luk 9:561 The
Most ancient MSS omit, The Son…save them.
Luk 9:562 lives
Lit., souls.
Luk 9:571 someone
He was one of the scribes (Matt. 8:19), who usually lived comfortably. He saw crowds being attracted to the Savior (Matt. 8:18) and wanted to follow Him out of curiosity, without counting the cost (see note 191 in Matt. 8). Hence, the Savior cautioned him by pointing out that although crowds were attracted to Him, He had nowhere to rest, indicating to the scribe that to follow Him would cost him considerable suffering.
Luk 9:57a follow vv. 57-60: Matt. 8:19-22
Luk 9:581 not
The Savior’s human life was one of suffering. In the inn, at His birth, there was no room in which He could lie (2:7); and in His marvelous ministry there was no place for Him to rest. Suffering was a sign of His human life (2:12).
Luk 9:591 another
This one was called by the Savior to follow Him. But he considered his duty to his dead father and would not follow Him immediately. Hence, the Savior encouraged him to pay the price (see note 211 in Matt. 8) that he might become a follower in His great commission to announce the kingdom of God.
Luk 9:601 dead
The burying one was spiritually dead (John 5:25; Eph. 2:1), and the one to be buried was physically dead. To engage in such a burial was to do a dead work.
Luk 9:602 announce
To announce the kingdom of God is a living deed, a deed that makes the dead alive so that they can enter into the kingdom of God.
Luk 9:611 another
This third one volunteered to follow the Savior, but would not do so before bidding farewell to his family. Hence, the Savior warned him not to let anything hold him back from the kingdom of God.
Luk 9:61a permit cf. 1 Kings 19:20
Luk 9:621 plow
To plow, one must concentrate all his attention on the line being plowed. Being distracted just a little, to say nothing of looking back, may lead the plower off the straight line. To follow the Savior, we must forget everything else and press straight ahead for the kingdom of God.
Luk 9:62a behind Phil. 3:13
Luk 9:62b kingdom Luke 9:2; 4:43; 6:20
Luk 10:11 seventy
Some MSS read, seventy-two. (So in v. 17.) The Savior appointed seventy disciples to share His ministry, even as Moses appointed seventy elders to share his burden, as God had charged him to do (Num. 11:16-17; Exo. 24:1, 9).
Luk 10:1a sent Mark 6:7; Luke 9:2
Luk 10:12 two
As witnesses (Deut. 17:6; 19:15; Matt. 18:16).
Luk 10:2a harvest Matt. 9:37-38; John 4:35
Luk 10:21 beseech
See note 381 in Matt. 9.
Luk 10:22 into
See note 383 in Matt. 9.
Luk 10:3a lambs Matt. 10:16 and note
Luk 10:41a not vv. 4-12: Matt. 10:9-15; Mark 6:8-11; Luke 9:3-5; cf. Luke 22:35-36
See note 91 in Matt. 10.
Luk 10:5a Peace 1 Sam. 25:6
Luk 10:61 son
The Lord sent the disciples to preach the gospel by going to every city and place and visiting people in their homes. This may serve to confirm our preaching of the gospel today by knocking on doors and visiting people from door to door. The Lord sent the disciples as lambs entering into the midst of wolves (v. 3). However, among the wolves there were sons of peace, that is, sheep that the Lord was concerned about (Matt. 9:36) and the harvest that He desired to reap (v. 2; Matt. 9:37-38). Because these sheep and the harvest, both of which belonged to the Lord, were scattered and mixed with the wolves, it was necessary for the Lord’s disciples to go into the midst of the wolves to seek them out house by house and to reap them. It is the same today. Preaching the gospel by going out to every place to visit people in their homes is ordained by God. It is absolutely different from today’s religious way of holding large gatherings to carry out gospel campaigns.
Luk 10:62 it
Or, him.
Luk 10:6a return Psa. 35:13
Luk 10:7a remain Matt. 10:11
Luk 10:7b eating cf. 1 Cor. 9:7-14
Luk 10:7c worker 1 Tim. 5:18
Luk 10:91b kingdom Luke 10:11; 4:43; 6:20; Mark 1:15
See note 432 in ch. 4.
Luk 10:11a dust Acts 13:51
Luk 10:121 more
See note 151 in Matt. 10.
Luk 10:12a Sodom Matt. 11:24
Luk 10:13a Chorazin vv. 13-15: Matt. 11:21-23
Luk 10:13b works Matt. 7:22
Luk 10:13c Tyre Isa. 23:1-18; Ezek. 28:2-24; Amos 1:9-10
Luk 10:13d sackcloth Jonah 3:6
Luk 10:15a exalted cf. Isa. 14:13-14; Jer. 51:53
Luk 10:151b Hades Luke 16:23; Matt. 16:18; Acts 2:27; Rev. 1:18
See note 231 in Matt. 11.
Luk 10:15c brought cf. Isa. 14:15
Luk 10:16a rejects John 12:48; 1 Thes. 4:8; cf. Matt. 10:40 and note
Luk 10:16b sent John 5:23; 13:20
Luk 10:181 fall
At the time of his rebellion against God, before the creation of man, Satan was judged and sentenced to be cast into Sheol (Hades), to the recesses (the deepest part) of the pit (Isa. 14:15; Ezek. 28:17). Then God began to execute the sentence He had imposed on him. He has executed, and will execute, this sentence on different occasions and to different degrees, such as through the seventy disciples in this chapter, through Christ on the cross (Heb. 2:14; John 12:31), through the man-child and Michael before the great tribulation, when Satan will be cast down to the earth (Rev. 12:5, 7-10, 13), and through the angel before the millennium, when Satan will be cast into the abyss, the bottomless pit (Rev. 20:1-3). Finally, Satan will be cast into the lake of fire to suffer the punishment of eternal fire after the millennium (Rev. 20:10) for eternity.
Luk 10:191a authority Luke 9:1; Mark 3:15
What the Lord gave to the disciples was authority; what the enemy had was power. Authority subdues power.
Luk 10:192b serpents Psa. 91:13; Mark 16:18; Acts 28:3-5
Serpents may signify Satan and his angels (Eph. 2:2; 6:11-12); scorpions may signify the demons (vv. 17, 20). By the authority of the Lord the disciples subdued their evil power.
Luk 10:20a spirits Luke 4:33
Luk 10:20b recorded Phil. 4:3; Heb. 12:23; Rev. 21:27; cf. Exo. 32:33; Isa. 4:3; Dan. 12:1
Luk 10:211 In
For vv. 21-22, see notes in Matt. 11:25-27.
Luk 10:21a said vv. 21-22: Matt. 11:25-27
Luk 10:21b wise 1 Cor. 1:18-29
Luk 10:21c babes Psa. 8:2; Matt. 21:16
Luk 10:21d well Phil. 4:18; Heb. 13:16, 21; Col. 3:20; 1:10; 1 Thes. 2:4
Luk 10:22a All John 3:35; 13:3; 16:15
Luk 10:22b except John 1:18; 6:46
Luk 10:22c reveal John 17:26
Luk 10:23a Blessed vv. 23-24: Matt. 13:16-17
Luk 10:24a prophets 1 Pet. 1:10
Luk 10:24b perceive cf. John 8:56; Heb. 11:13
Luk 10:251 test
See note 72 in Matt. 4.
Luk 10:25a saying vv. 25-28: cf. Luke 18:18-20; Matt. 19:16-19; Mark 10:17-19; Matt. 22:35-39
Luk 10:252 what
Lit., having done what, may I inherit eternal life?
Luk 10:253 inherit
See notes 293 and 173 in Matt. 19.
Luk 10:27a You Deut. 6:5
Luk 10:271 with
Lit., in.
Luk 10:27b your Lev. 19:18
Luk 10:28a do Lev. 18:5; Neh. 9:29; Ezek. 20:11; Rom. 10:5; Gal. 3:12
Luk 10:291 justify
He must have been one of the self-justified Pharisees (16:14-15; 18:9-10).
Luk 10:301 certain
This is one of the parables narrated only by Luke. It conveys the principle of high morality in the Savior’s full salvation. The Savior intended the “certain man” to be a figure of the self-justified lawyer (v. 29) as a sinner who had fallen from the foundation of peace (Jerusalem) to the condition of curse (Jericho).
Luk 10:302 down
Indicating a fall from the city of the foundation of peace to the city of curse.
Luk 10:303 Jerusalem
Jerusalem means foundation of peace (cf. Heb. 7:2); Jericho was a city of curse (Josh. 6:26; 1 Kings 16:34).
Luk 10:303a Jericho Josh. 16:1; Luke 18:35
See note 303.
Luk 10:304 robbers
Signifying the legalistic teachers of the Judaic law (John 10:1), who used the law (1 Cor. 15:56) to rob lawkeepers such as the self-justified lawyer.
Luk 10:305 stripped
Signifying the stripping caused by the Judaistic teachers’ misuse of the law.
Luk 10:306 beaten
Lit., laid blows upon; signifying the killing by the law (Rom. 7:9-10).
Luk 10:307 leaving
Signifying that the Judaistic teachers left the lawkeeper in a dead condition (Rom. 7:11, 13).
Luk 10:311 priest
The one who should have cared for God’s people by teaching them the law of God (Deut. 33:10; 2 Chron. 15:3) was going down on the same road and was thus unable to render any help to the beaten one.
Luk 10:321 Levite
One of those who helped God’s people in their worship to God (Num. 1:50; 3:6-7; 8:19) was coming to the same place, and he too was unable to render any help to the dying one.
Luk 10:331a Samaritan Matt. 10:5
Signifying the Man-Savior, who apparently was a layman of low estate. He was despised and slandered as a low and mean Samaritan (John 8:48; 4:9 and note 1) by the self-exalted and self-justified Pharisees, including the one to whom He was speaking here (vv. 25, 29). Such a Man-Savior, in His lost-one-seeking and sinner-saving ministry journey (19:10), came down to the place where the wounded victim of the Judaistic robbers lay in his miserable and dying condition. When He saw him, He was moved with compassion in His humanity with His divinity and rendered him tender healing and saving care, fully meeting his urgent need (vv. 34-35).
Luk 10:33b compassion Matt. 9:36; 14:14; 15:32; 20:34; Mark 1:41
Luk 10:341a bound Isa. 1:6
In vv. 34-35 all the aspects of the good Samaritan’s care for the dying one portray the Man-Savior in His merciful, tender, and bountiful care, in His humanity with His divinity, for a sinner condemned under law, showing to the uttermost His high standard of morality in His saving grace: (1) He bound up his wounds—healing him; (2) He poured oil and wine on his wounds—giving him the Holy Spirit and the divine life (Matt. 9:17 and note 1; John 2:9 and note 1); (3) He placed him on his own beast (a donkey)—carrying him by lowly means in a lowly way (Zech. 9:9); (4) He brought him to an inn—bringing him to the church; (5) He took care of him—taking care of him through the church; (6) He paid the inn for him—blessing the church on his behalf; (7) He said that he would repay at his return whatever the inn spent—declaring that whatever the church spends in this age on one who is saved by the Lord will be repaid at the Savior’s coming back.
Luk 10:351a denarii Matt. 18:28
See note 71 in John 6.
Luk 10:361 become
The self-justified lawyer thought that he could love another as his neighbor (v. 29), not knowing, under the blindness of self-justification, that he himself needed a neighbor, the Man-Savior, to love him.
Luk 10:371 The
Or, The one who dealt mercifully with him. The self-justified one was helped to know that he needed a loving neighbor (such as the good Samaritan, who was a figure of the Man-Savior) to love him, not a neighbor for him to love. The Savior intended to unveil to him through this story (1) that he was condemned to death under the law and was unable to take care of himself, much less love others, and (2) that the Man-Savior was the One who would love him and render him full salvation.
Luk 10:381 village
Bethany (John 12:1 and note 1; Mark 11:1; Matt. 21:17 and note 1).
Luk 10:382a Martha John 11:1, 19-20; 12:2
Probably from Aramaic, meaning she was rebellious.
Luk 10:38b received Luke 19:6
Luk 10:391 Mary
Gk. Maria for Heb. Miriam, meaning their rebellion (Num. 12:1, 10-15). The meaning of Martha and Mary conveys the thought of rebellion, perhaps pointing to the natural life of Martha and Mary. The Lord’s salvation can transform the rebellious into the submissive, as portrayed in this story. One like the rebellious Miriam in the Old Testament becomes one like the submissive Mary in the New Testament.
Luk 10:39a feet Deut. 33:3; Luke 8:35
Luk 10:401a being 1 Cor. 7:35
Meaning to be drawn around in different directions.
Luk 10:41a anxious Matt. 6:25-34; Phil. 4:6
Luk 10:42a one Psa. 27:4
Luk 10:421b good Psa. 16:5
[ par. 1 2 ]
Luk 10:421 [1] The Lord prefers that His saved ones who love Him listen to Him (v. 39) that they may know His desire, rather than do things for Him without knowing His will (cf. 1 Sam. 15:22; Eccl. 5:1).
Luk 10:421 [2] It is quite significant that this story of Martha and Mary immediately follows the parable of the good Samaritan. The parable shows the compassion and love of the Savior, who is a man and becomes the sinners’ neighbor; the story of Martha and Mary unveils the desire and preference of the Lord, who is God and becomes the believers’ Master. The Savior gives us His compassion and love so that we can be saved by Him; the Lord expresses His desire and preference so that we can serve Him. After receiving salvation from the Savior, we should render service to the Lord. For our salvation we need to realize the Savior’s compassion and love; for our service we need to know the Lord’s desire and preference.
Luk 11:2a When vv. 2-4: Matt. 6:9-13
Luk 11:21 pray
For vv. 2-4, see notes in Matt. 6:9-13.
Luk 11:22b Father 1 Pet. 1:17
Some MSS read, Our Father who is in the heavens.
Luk 11:2c sanctified Luke 1:49; Psa. 111:9; Isa. 29:23
Luk 11:2d kingdom Luke 4:43; 11:20; 12:31
Luk 11:3a bread Prov. 30:8
Luk 11:4b indebted cf. Matt. 18:21-35
Luk 11:4c temptation Luke 4:1, 13; 1 Cor. 10:13; James 1:13
Luk 11:41
Some MSS add, but deliver us from the evil one (or, from evil).
Luk 11:91a And vv. 9-13: Matt. 7:7-11
For vv. 9-13, see notes in Matt. 7:7-11.
Luk 11:9c seek 1 Chron. 28:9; 2 Chron. 15:2; Jer. 29:13
Luk 11:111 whose
Some MSS read, whose son asks for bread, will hand him a stone? Or if also for a fish, will instead…?
Luk 11:13a evil Gen. 8:21; Psa. 14:3
Luk 11:131b Holy Acts 2:38; Gal. 3:14
See note 112 in Matt. 7.
Luk 11:132 ask
Before His death the Lord told the disciples to ask for the Holy Spirit; after His death and resurrection He told them to receive the Holy Spirit (John 20:22). Regarding the commandments in the Scriptures for which the requirements have not been fulfilled, we must ask; regarding the commandments for which the requirements have been fulfilled, we must receive.
Luk 11:141 And
For vv. 14-15, see notes in Matt. 9:32-34 and 12:22-24.
Luk 11:14a casting vv. 14-15: Matt. 9:32-34; 12:22-24
Luk 11:151a Beelzebul Mark 3:22
See note 251 in Matt. 10.
Luk 11:16a tempting Matt. 16:1; Mark 8:11; John 8:6
Luk 11:16b sought Luke 11:29
Luk 11:171 But
For vv. 17-23, see notes in Matt. 12:25-30 and Mark 3:23-27.
Luk 11:17a He vv. 17-23: Matt. 12:25-30; Mark 3:23-27
Luk 11:17b knowing Matt. 9:4
Luk 11:172 thoughts
In the sense of machinations.
Luk 11:19a cast Acts 19:13
Luk 11:201 finger
A Hebraic expression. The finger (v. 46) is smaller than the hand and the arm. The casting out of demons does not require the hand of God (John 10:28-29) or the arm of God (Isa. 53:1); the finger of God is powerful enough to do it. Still, it is done by the Spirit of God (Matt. 12:28).
Luk 11:20a kingdom Luke 11:2; 17:20-21
Luk 11:21a strong Isa. 49:24-25
Luk 11:211 homestead
Lit., courtyard.
Luk 11:221 stronger
Christ, the Son of God, is much stronger than Satan, the strong man. Thus, He can subdue and overcome Satan for us.
Luk 11:22a overcomes John 16:33
Luk 11:22b distributes Isa. 53:12
Luk 11:231 He
See note 401 in Mark 9.
Luk 11:241 When
For vv. 24-26, see notes in Matt. 12:43-45.
Luk 11:24a spirit vv. 24-26: Matt. 12:43-45
Luk 11:26a worse John 5:14
Luk 11:27a Blessed Luke 1:48
Luk 11:28a hear Luke 8:21
Luk 11:291 And
For vv. 29-32, see notes in Matt. 12:38-42.
Luk 11:29a This vv. 29-32: Matt. 12:38-42
Luk 11:29b seeks Luke 11:16; 1 Cor. 1:22
Luk 11:29c Jonah Jonah 1:17; 2:10
Luk 11:31a queen 1 Kings 10:1-13; 2 Chron. 9:1-12
Luk 11:31b condemn Heb. 11:7
Luk 11:31c wisdom 1 Kings 3:9, 12; 4:29-34; 10:23-24
Luk 11:31d more cf. Matt. 12:6
Luk 11:32a Ninevite Jonah 1:2
Luk 11:32b repented Jonah 3:5-10
Luk 11:331a lamp Luke 8:16; Matt. 5:15; Mark 4:21
See note 211 in Mark 4.
Luk 11:332 bushel
See note 151 in Matt. 5.
Luk 11:333 lampstand
See note 152 in Matt. 5.
Luk 11:34a lamp Matt. 6:22-23
Luk 11:341 single
See note 221 in Matt. 6.
Luk 11:342 full
Or, illuminated.
Luk 11:343b evil cf. Deut. 15:9; Prov. 28:22; Matt. 20:15
See note 231 in Matt. 6.
Luk 11:351 light
The light in us, with which the eye illuminates the whole body (v. 34), is the light in our heart, which should be kept pure for God (Matt. 5:8). See note 232 in Matt. 6.
Luk 11:371 morning
Primarily, the first meal, taken early in the morning (so in v. 38).
Luk 11:37a meal Luke 7:36; 14:1
Luk 11:381a washed Matt. 15:2; Mark 7:2-5
Lit., baptized (indicating a ceremonial washing).
Luk 11:39a cleanse Matt. 23:25
Luk 11:40a Foolish Luke 12:20
Luk 11:41a give Luke 12:33; 1 Tim. 6:18
Luk 11:411 within
Within refers to the contents of the cup and to the items on the platter (v. 39); these signify what was in the heart of the Pharisees. They had covetousness within their heart; hence, they were full of extortion and wickedness (v. 39). Therefore, the Lord commanded them to give as alms what they were coveting in their heart, that all things might be clean to them.
Luk 11:41b clean Titus 1:15
Luk 11:42a give Deut. 14:22; Luke 18:12
Luk 11:42b mint Matt. 23:23
Luk 11:421c justice Jer. 5:1; Micah 6:8
Or, judgment.
Luk 11:422 not
See note 232 in Matt. 23.
Luk 11:43a chief Luke 20:46; Matt. 23:6-7; Mark 12:38-39
Luk 11:43b marketplaces Luke 7:32; Mark 6:56
Luk 11:44a tombs Psa. 5:9; Matt. 23:27
Luk 11:45a lawyers Luke 11:52; 7:30
Luk 11:451 insult
Or, outrage.
Luk 11:46a hard Matt. 23:4; cf. Matt. 11:28-30
Luk 11:461 touch
A term used by medical writers for gently feeling a sore or tender part of the body.
Luk 11:47a build Matt. 23:29-31
Luk 11:471 tombs
Or, monuments (so in v. 48).
Luk 11:47b killed Acts 7:52
Luk 11:491 wisdom
Referring to Christ as the wisdom of God in God’s New Testament economy (1 Cor. 1:30); He is the “I” in Matt. 23:34. The Lord’s word in Matt. 23:34-36 and Luke 11:49-51 was based on the record in 2 Chron. 24:20-22 concerning the slaying of Zechariah, and it expanded the word in 2 Chron. 24:19, applying it to those who were sent by God in both the Old Testament and the New Testament.
Luk 11:49a send vv. 49-51: Matt. 23:34-36
Luk 11:49b prophets 2 Chron. 24:19; cf. Acts 13:1
Luk 11:49c kill Matt. 21:35; 1 Thes. 2:15; cf. Matt. 22:6
Luk 11:50a blood Rev. 6:10; cf. 18:24
Luk 11:50b from Matt. 13:35
Luk 11:50c required cf. Gen. 42:22; Ezek. 3:18
Luk 11:51a Abel Gen. 4:8; Heb. 11:4
Luk 11:51b Zachariah 2 Chron. 24:20-22
Luk 11:511 this
Required not only of the individual but also of that generation collectively.
Luk 11:52a lawyers Luke 7:30
Luk 11:52b knowledge cf. Mal. 2:7-8
Luk 11:521c hindered Matt. 23:13
Or, prevented, forbade.
Luk 11:54a Lying cf. Luke 20:20; Mark 3:2
Luk 11:541 catch
I.e., to ensnare in hunting (Matt. 22:15). The religionists, who claimed to be devout, did this to the One who expressed God.
Luk 11:54b something Luke 20:20, 26; Mark 12:13
Luk 12:11 Meanwhile
Or, In these circumstances.
Luk 12:1a leaven Matt. 16:6, 11; Mark 8:15; 1 Cor. 5:6-8; Gal. 5:9
Luk 12:1b hypocrisy Luke 12:56; Matt. 23:28; Mark 12:15
Luk 12:2a covered vv. 2-9: Matt. 10:26-33
Luk 12:2b hidden Mark 4:22; 1 Tim. 5:25
Luk 12:3a housetops Matt. 24:17
Luk 12:4a friends John 15:14
Luk 12:4b fear Isa. 51:12-13; 1 Pet. 3:14
Luk 12:51 show
Lit., show you secretly.
Luk 12:52 Him
See note 281 in Matt. 10.
Luk 12:5a cast Rev. 20:10, 14-15
Luk 12:53 Gehenna
See note 228 in Matt. 5.
Luk 12:61 assaria
The second-smallest coin in the Greco-Roman coinage of Palestine.
Luk 12:7a hairs cf. 1 Sam. 14:45
Luk 12:7b more Luke 12:24; Matt. 6:26; 10:31; 12:12
Luk 12:8a confesses Rom. 10:9-10
Luk 12:81 in
Implying his union with the Lord.
Luk 12:8b Son Luke 19:10
Luk 12:8c confess cf. Rev. 3:5
Luk 12:82 in
Implying the Lord’s union with him.
Luk 12:8d angels Luke 15:10; 1 Tim. 5:21
Luk 12:9a denies 2 Tim. 2:12; 1 John 2:23
Luk 12:91b denied Luke 13:25
In Greek this word is stronger than the word translated denies in this verse. See note 331 in Matt. 10.
Luk 12:10a Son Matt. 12:32; cf. Matt. 11:19
Luk 12:101 blasphemes
See notes 311 and 321 in Matt. 12.
Luk 12:10b Holy Matt. 12:31-32; Mark 3:28-29
Luk 12:11a synagogues Matt. 23:34
Luk 12:11b rulers Titus 3:1
Luk 12:11c anxious Matt. 10:19-20; Mark 13:11
Luk 12:121 Spirit
See note 201 in Matt. 10.
Luk 12:14a who cf. Exo. 2:14
Luk 12:15a Watch Luke 8:18
Luk 12:15b covetousness 1 Tim. 6:10; Heb. 13:5
Luk 12:16a rich cf. Psa. 49:16-20
Luk 12:171 crops
Or, fruits.
Luk 12:19a years cf. Prov. 27:1; James 4:13-14
Luk 12:19b eat Eccl. 2:24; Isa. 22:13; 1 Cor. 15:32
Luk 12:20a Foolish Luke 11:40
Luk 12:201 they
The expression is indefinite, referring probably to the angels, God’s messengers.
Luk 12:20b soul Job 27:8; Matt. 10:28
Luk 12:20c prepared Job 27:16-17
Luk 12:20d whose Psa. 39:6
Luk 12:21a treasure Psa. 52:7; Matt. 6:19-20; James 5:3
Luk 12:211b rich James 2:5-6
How precious it is to be rich toward God! This requires that we not store up treasure for ourselves.
Luk 12:221 And
For vv. 22-31, see notes in Matt. 6:25-33.
Luk 12:22a anxious vv. 22-31: Matt. 6:25-33
Luk 12:222 life
Lit., soul; referring to the soul-life (so in v. 23).
Luk 12:24a ravens Job 38:41; Psa. 147:9
Luk 12:24b more Luke 12:7
Luk 12:27a Solomon 1 Kings 10:4-7, 23
Luk 12:28a little Matt. 8:26; 14:31; 16:8
Luk 12:291 be
Or, be anxious.
Luk 12:29a unsettled cf. Phil. 4:6
Luk 12:30a need Matt. 6:8
Luk 12:31a kingdom Luke 11:2
Luk 12:31b added cf. 1 Kings 3:11-13
Luk 12:32a be Luke 12:7; Isa. 41:10, 13
Luk 12:32b flock John 10:16; Acts 20:28-29; 1 Pet. 5:2-3; Isa. 40:11
Luk 12:32c well cf. Luke 10:21; Eph. 1:5, 9; Phil. 2:13
Luk 12:321d kingdom Luke 22:29; Rev. 1:9
See note 432 in ch. 4.
Luk 12:33a Sell Luke 18:22; Matt. 19:21; Acts 2:45
Luk 12:33b give 2 Cor. 9:9; Acts 9:36; 10:2, 4
Luk 12:331 treasure
See note 201 in Matt. 6.
Luk 12:341a heart Matt. 6:21
Our heart is attached to our treasure. If we lay up for ourselves treasures on earth, it will be difficult for our heart to be in heaven or to be for our beloved Lord and His interest.
Luk 12:35a girded Exo. 12:11; 1 Kings 18:46; 2 Kings 4:29; 9:1; Job 38:3; Jer. 1:17; Eph. 6:14; 1 Pet. 1:13
Luk 12:35b lamps Matt. 25:7
Luk 12:36a knocks Rev. 3:20
Luk 12:37a watching Matt. 24:42-46
Luk 12:37b gird John 13:4-5
Luk 12:37c recline Luke 22:27
Luk 12:371 come
Or, come beside.
Luk 12:37d serve Matt. 20:28
Luk 12:391 But
For vv. 39-46, see notes in Matt. 24:43-51.
Luk 12:392 know
In Greek the first know here is the same as the first know in Heb. 8:11; the second know (here, known) is the same as the second there. See note 111 there.
Luk 12:39a master vv. 39-46: Matt. 24:43-51
Luk 12:39b thief 1 Thes. 5:2; 2 Pet. 3:10; Rev. 3:3; 16:15
Luk 12:393
Some MSS add, have watched and.
Luk 12:394c broken Matt. 6:19
Lit., dug through.
Luk 12:40a ready Luke 12:47; Matt. 25:10
Luk 12:40b coming Matt. 24:42
Luk 12:41a all Mark 13:37
Luk 12:42a faithful Luke 16:10-12; Matt. 25:21, 23; 1 Cor. 4:2; 2 Tim. 2:2; Heb. 3:5
Luk 12:42b prudent Luke 16:8
Luk 12:42c steward Luke 16:1; 1 Pet. 4:10
Luk 12:43a Blessed John 13:17; Rev. 16:15
Luk 12:44a set Matt. 25:21, 23
Luk 12:45a delaying Matt. 25:5; Heb. 10:37
Luk 12:45b drunk 1 Thes. 5:7
Luk 12:47a lashes Deut. 25:2
Luk 12:48a not Lev. 5:17
Luk 12:48b much cf. Matt. 25:29
Luk 12:481 committed
Or, entrusted, deposited.
Luk 12:491a fire cf. Rom. 12:11; Rev. 1:14; 4:5
The impulse of the spiritual life. This impulse comes from the Lord’s released divine life (see note 502) and causes the divisions mentioned in vv. 51-53.
Luk 12:492 how
Or, what can I desire if it has already been kindled?
Luk 12:501 baptism
See note 381 in Mark 10.
Luk 12:502 pressed
Or, constrained. The Lord was constrained in His flesh, which He put upon Himself in His incarnation. He needed to undergo physical death, to be baptized, that His unlimited and infinite divine being with His divine life might be released from His flesh. His divine life, after being released through His physical death, became the impulse of His believers’ spiritual life in resurrection.
Luk 12:51a come vv. 51-53: Matt. 10:34-36
Luk 12:511b division John 7:43; 10:19; Acts 14:4; 23:7
This is because the satanic life in the unbelievers is struggling against the divine life in the believers—a conflict between the satanic kingdom and the kingdom of God. See note 341 in Matt. 10.
Luk 12:53a son Micah 7:6; Matt. 10:21
Luk 12:54a shower 1 Kings 18:44-45
Luk 12:55a south Job 37:17
Luk 12:561a Hypocrites Luke 12:1; 13:15
See note 22 in Matt. 6.
Luk 12:562b discern Matt. 16:3
Or, prove by testing.
Luk 12:563 face
I.e., appearance.
Luk 12:564 How
Or, but this time you do not know how to discern.
Luk 12:565 discern
I.e., discern the signs of the time (Matt. 16:3). The signs were (1) that, as prophesied (3:2-6, 15-17), John the Baptist had come to announce the coming of Messiah, and (2) that Messiah was there, ministering Himself that the people might receive Him and be saved.
Luk 12:57a judge 1 Cor. 11:13
Luk 12:571 yourselves
Even without the teaching of the Lord, the Jews had seen enough signs to judge of themselves the right way to follow and the right thing to do at that time, that is, to receive the Lord and follow Him.
Luk 12:581 For
For indicates that vv. 58-59 are a continuation of v. 57. In this continuation the Man-Savior charged the Jews that while they were still on the way (were going), under the law (their opponent—John 5:45), to meet God (the magistrate) and be judged by Christ (the judge—John 5:22; Acts 17:31), they should endeavor to be released from their opponent that they might not be judged by Christ and thrown into the lake of fire (prison—Rev. 20:11-15) by the angel (the officer—cf. Matt. 13:41). If that were to happen, they would by no means come out forever (v. 59). The word in these two verses was spoken to the crowds (v. 54) that they might repent and be saved. But in Matt. 5:25-26 this word was applied to the disciples that they might live the kingdom life (see notes there).
Luk 12:58a opponent Matt. 5:25-26
Luk 12:582 endeavor
Or, take pains.
Luk 12:591a lepton Luke 21:2
The smallest coin in the Greco-Roman coinage of Palestine.
Luk 13:11 Now
Now indicates that vv. 1-9, which deal further with the matter of repentance, continue the last verses of ch. 12. The Lord used the two incidents in vv. 1-5 to remind the Jews that now was the time for them to repent and that if they did not, they would all perish like the victims of those two incidents.
Luk 13:3a repent Luke 3:3, 8; 5:32
Luk 13:4a Siloam Neh. 3:15; Isa. 8:6; John 9:7, 11
Luk 13:61 And
And indicates that vv. 6-9 are a continuation of the foregoing verses concerning repentance.
Luk 13:62 this
This parable indicates that God as the owner came in the Son to seek fruit from the Jewish people, who were likened to a fig tree (see note 191 in Matt. 21) planted in God’s promised land, the vineyard (cf. Matt. 21:33 and note 1). He had been seeking fruit for three years (v. 7) but had not found any. He wanted to cut the Jews down, but God the Son as the vinedresser prayed for them, asking God the Father to tolerate them until the Son died for them (dug the ground around the fig tree) and gave them fertilizer (threw on manure), at which point, He hoped, they would repent and produce fruit. Otherwise, they would be cut down. Verses 29-32 and 42-52 in ch. 11, two sections that unveil the Jewish people as an evil generation, confirm this interpretation.
Luk 13:6a fig Matt. 21:19
Luk 13:7a Cut Luke 3:9; Matt. 7:19
Luk 13:71 make
I.e., deplete the soil, intercept the sun, and take up room (Bengel).
Luk 13:10a synagogues Matt. 4:23; Mark 6:2
Luk 13:111a spirit Acts 16:16
See note 231 in Mark 1.
Luk 13:112 bent
Lit., bending together. This signifies a person’s being oppressed by a demon to an extreme, so that the person is bent toward the satanic world only and is unable to stand erect to look into the heavens.
Luk 13:13a laid Luke 4:40; Mark 5:23; 16:18
Luk 13:13b glorify Luke 5:25; 7:16; 17:15; 18:43
Luk 13:14a ruler Luke 8:41
Luk 13:141 indignant
Satan used not only the evil spirit to possess the woman but also the religious ruler to oppose her being released by the Lord. Religion is much used by the usurper to keep God’s chosen people under his oppression.
Luk 13:14b six Exo. 20:9; Ezek. 46:1
Luk 13:14c not Matt. 12:2
Luk 13:151a Hypocrites Luke 12:56
See note 22 in Matt. 6.
Luk 13:15b Sabbath Luke 14:5; Matt. 12:11
Luk 13:161 daughter
One of God’s chosen people.
Luk 13:16a Abraham Luke 3:8; 19:9
Luk 13:162b Satan 1 Cor. 5:5; Acts 10:38
The demon’s possessing of people is Satan’s binding of them. Hence, the casting out of a demon is the defeat of Satan (Matt. 12:29 and note 4).
Luk 13:163 Sabbath
The Sabbath was ordained by God so that man could rest (Gen. 2:3), not so that man would remain under bondage.
Luk 13:17a shame 1 Pet. 3:16
Luk 13:17b glorious Luke 13:13
Luk 13:181 He
For vv. 18-21, see notes in Matt. 13:31-33.
Luk 13:18a kingdom Luke 4:43; 17:20-21
Luk 13:19a mustard Matt. 13:31-32; 17:20; Luke 17:6
Luk 13:21a leaven Matt. 13:33
Luk 13:21b three Gen. 18:6
Luk 13:21c whole 1 Cor. 5:6; Gal. 5:9
Luk 13:22a villages Matt. 9:35; Mark 6:6
Luk 13:22b Jerusalem Luke 13:33; 9:51; Mark 10:32-33
Luk 13:23a saved Acts 2:47; 1 Cor. 1:18; 2 Cor. 2:15
Luk 13:24a Struggle Matt. 11:12; Heb. 4:11
Luk 13:241b narrow Matt. 7:13-14
See note 141 in Matt. 7.
Luk 13:242 able
Or, strong enough.
Luk 13:25a shuts cf. Matt. 25:10-12
Luk 13:25b Lord Matt. 7:22-23; Luke 6:46
Luk 13:26a ate cf. Exo. 24:11
Luk 13:27a Go Matt. 7:23; 25:41
Luk 13:281a weeping Matt. 24:51; 13:42, 50
See note 123 in Matt. 8.
Luk 13:282 kingdom
See note 432 in ch. 4. The Jews asked about salvation (v. 23). But the Lord answered concerning participation in the kingdom of God in the millennium (see note 112 in Matt. 8), which will be the most enjoyable part of God’s full salvation before the enjoyment of the New Jerusalem in the new heaven and new earth (Rev. 21:1-3a, 5-7; 22:1-5).
Luk 13:28b outside Luke 14:35
Luk 13:29a kingdom Luke 14:15; 22:16, 30
Luk 13:301 last
Referring to the saved Gentiles, who will receive the Savior before some of the saved Jews and will participate in the kingdom of God in the millennium (v. 29).
Luk 13:302 first
Referring to the Jews who will believe in the Lord after the Gentiles believe (Rom. 11:25-26). The word in this verse is applied in another sense in Matt. 19:30; 20:16; and Mark 10:31 (see note 161 in Matt. 20).
Luk 13:31a Pharisees Matt. 19:3
Luk 13:31b Herod Luke 3:1; 9:7, 9; Matt. 14:1-13
Luk 13:311 kill
This was a threat made by the opposers.
Luk 13:321 today
This indicates that the Lord had a set schedule to carry out His ministry, to end His course, and to reach His goal through His death and resurrection, and that no one, not even Herod, could prevent Him from accomplishing it.
Luk 13:32a third cf. Hosea 6:2; Luke 9:22; 24:7
Luk 13:322 am
Or, end My course, reach My goal.
Luk 13:32b perfected Heb. 7:27-28; cf. John 17:4
Luk 13:331 must
The threat (v. 31) did not prevent the Lord from journeying to Jerusalem to accomplish His redemptive death. Rather, He was bold to proceed there (Mark 10:33) to reach the goal of His entire ministry.
Luk 13:33a prophet Matt. 21:11
Luk 13:33b Jerusalem Luke 13:22
Luk 13:34a Jerusalem vv. 34-35: Matt. 23:37-39
Luk 13:341 kills
For vv. 34-35, see notes in Matt. 23:37-39.
Luk 13:34b stones Matt. 21:35; Acts 7:59
Luk 13:34c gather Psa. 147:2; cf. Matt. 24:31
Luk 13:34d wings Deut. 32:11; Ruth 2:12; Psa. 17:8; 91:4; cf. Exo. 19:4
Luk 13:34e would John 5:40
Luk 13:351 house
This house (singular in Greek) was God’s house, God’s temple. Because the Jews rejected the Lord, that is, God’s coming in the Son, the Lord rejected the temple, considering it the house of the Jews themselves and leaving it to them that it might suffer the coming destruction and become desolate.
Luk 13:35a Blessed Psa. 118:26; cf. Luke 19:38
Luk 14:1a eat Luke 7:36; 11:37
Luk 14:11b watching Luke 20:20
With an evil intention to accuse Him (Mark 3:2).
Luk 14:21 dropsy
A disease that causes the body to swell because of the forming of fluid in the cavities and tissues. This signifies the abnormal inner function of life that causes spiritual death before God.
Luk 14:3b Sabbath Matt. 12:10; Mark 3:4
Luk 14:51a donkey Luke 13:15
Some MSS read, son.
Luk 14:6a not Matt. 22:46
Luk 14:7a places Luke 11:43; Matt. 23:6
Luk 14:10a come Prov. 25:6-7
Luk 14:11a humbled Luke 18:14; Matt. 23:12; Psa. 18:27; Prov. 29:23
Luk 14:11b humbles Job 22:29; 1 Pet. 5:5-6
Luk 14:12a repayment cf. Luke 6:34
Luk 14:131 poor
These are the people whom God invited to His salvation (v. 21).
Luk 14:141a resurrection 1 Cor. 15:23; 1 Thes. 4:16
This refers to the resurrection of life (John 5:29; Rev. 20:4-6), at which time God will reward the saints (Rev. 11:18) at the Lord’s coming back (1 Cor. 4:5).
Luk 14:15a Blessed Rev. 19:9
Luk 14:15b kingdom Luke 13:29; 22:16, 30
Luk 14:161 great
This great dinner is different from the wedding feast in Matt. 22:2-14, which was for the reward of the kingdom. This great dinner is for God’s full salvation. God, as the “certain man,” prepared His full salvation as a great dinner and sent the first apostles as His slaves to invite the Jews (vv. 16-17). But because they were occupied by their riches, such as land, cattle, or a wife, they refused His invitation (vv. 18-20). Then God sent the apostles to invite the people on the streets—the poor, the crippled, the blind, and the lame. Because of their poverty and misery, they accepted God’s invitation (vv. 21-22a). Yet God’s salvation still had room for more; so He sent His slaves to go out farther, to the Gentile world, signified by the roads and hedges, to compel the Gentiles to come in and fill up the house of His salvation (vv. 22b-23; Acts 13:46-48; Rom. 11:25).
Luk 14:20a married Deut. 24:5
Luk 14:21a poor Luke 14:13
Luk 14:261 If
In vv. 26-33 the Lord unveiled to the crowds who went along with Him (v. 25) the cost of following Him. To receive salvation is to be saved (13:23); to follow the Lord is to enjoy Him as the blessing of God’s salvation. This requires us to renounce all, even our life, and to carry our own cross (vv. 26-27, 33).
Luk 14:26a comes vv. 26-27: Matt. 10:37-38
Luk 14:26b soul-life Acts 20:24; Phil. 2:30; Rev. 12:11
Luk 14:271a cross Luke 9:23
The aim of the cross is not suffering but the termination of the person. The believers in Christ have been crucified (terminated) with Him (Gal. 2:20; Rom. 6:6). After being organically united with Him through faith, they should remain on the cross, keeping their old man under the termination of the cross (cf. Rom. 6:3; Col. 2:20-21). This is to carry their own cross. Christ first carried the cross and then was crucified (John 19:17-18). But the believers in Him are first crucified and then carry the cross that they may remain in the termination of their old man, thus experiencing and enjoying Christ as their life and life supply.
Luk 14:281 enough
The Lord’s word here and that in v. 31 indicate that to make a career of following the Lord, we must give to it all we have and all we can do; otherwise, we will be a failure, becoming the tasteless salt and being thrown out of the glorious realm into a sphere of shame (vv. 34-35).
Luk 14:33a forsake Luke 18:28
Luk 14:341 Therefore
For vv. 34-35, see notes in Matt. 5:13 and note 501 in Mark 9.
Luk 14:342 salt
The believers in Christ are the salt of the earth used by God to kill and eliminate the earth’s corruption. Their taste depends on their renouncing of earthly things. The more they renounce the things of earth, the more powerful will be their taste. They will lose their taste by not being willing to renounce all the things of the present life. If this happens, they will be fit neither for the land, signifying the church as God’s farm (1 Cor. 3:9), which issues in the coming kingdom (Rev. 11:15), nor for the manure pile, signifying hell, the filthy place in the universe (Rev. 21:8; 22:15). They will be thrown out from the kingdom of God, especially from the glory of the kingdom in the millennium (see note 122 in Matt. 8). They are saved from eternal perdition, but because they have failed to renounce the earthly things, they lose their function in the kingdom of God, thus being unfit for the coming kingdom and needing to be put aside for discipline (see note 321 in ch. 17).
Luk 14:35a out Luke 13:28
Luk 14:35b hear Matt. 11:15; Rev. 2:7, 11, 17, 29; 3:6, 13, 22
Luk 15:1a tax Luke 7:34; Matt. 9:10
Luk 15:2a scribes Luke 5:30; Mark 2:16
Luk 15:2d eats cf. Acts 11:3; Gal. 2:12; 1 Cor. 5:11
Luk 15:31 parable
In answering the self-righteous Pharisees and scribes, who condemned Him for eating with sinners, the Savior spoke three parables, unveiling and depicting how the Divine Trinity works to bring sinners back, through the Son by the Spirit, to the Father. The Son came in His humanity as the Shepherd to find the sinner as a lost sheep and bring him back home (vv. 4-7). The Spirit seeks the sinner as a woman carefully seeks a lost coin until she finds it (vv. 8-10). And the Father receives the repenting and returned sinner as the “certain man” here receives his prodigal son (vv. 11-32). The entire Divine Trinity treasures the sinner and participates in bringing him back to God. All three parables stress the love of the Divine Trinity more than the fallen condition and repentance of the penitent sinner. The divine love is fully expressed in the Son’s tender care as the good shepherd, in the Spirit’s fine seeking as the treasure-lover, and in the Father’s warm receiving as a loving father.
Luk 15:4a hundred vv. 4-7: Matt. 18:12-14
Luk 15:41b wilderness Exo. 3:1; 1 Sam. 17:28
Signifying the world. This indicates that the Son has come to the world to be with men (John 1:14).
Luk 15:4c lost Luke 19:10; Matt. 10:6; 15:24
Luk 15:4d finds Ezek. 34:11-12, 16
Luk 15:51 lays
This shows the Savior’s saving strength and His saving love.
Luk 15:5a shoulders cf. Isa. 49:22
Luk 15:6a lost 1 Pet. 2:25; Isa. 53:6
Luk 15:7a sinner 1 Tim. 1:15
Luk 15:81 silver
One silver coin was equivalent to a day’s wages (so in v. 9).
Luk 15:82 lamp
Signifying the word of God (Psa. 119:105, 130), which is used by the Spirit to illuminate and expose the sinner’s position and condition that he may repent.
Luk 15:83 sweep
To search and cleanse the sinner’s inward parts.
Luk 15:84 seek
In v. 4 the Son’s finding took place outside the sinner and was completed at the cross through His redemptive death; here the Spirit’s seeking is inward and is carried out by His working within the repenting sinner.
Luk 15:10a angels Luke 12:8
Luk 15:121 share
Referring to the inheritance that was his by birth.
Luk 15:12a distributed Deut. 21:16
Luk 15:122 living
His living refers to the father’s means of support, the father’s livelihood, substance (v. 30). The Greek word for living means life, i.e., the present state of existence, as in 8:14, and, by implication, livelihood, as here and in Mark 12:44.
Luk 15:131 distant
Signifying the satanic world.
Luk 15:132 dissolutely
Lit., unsavingly; indicating a debauched, profligate living.
Luk 15:151 feed
Hogs are unclean (Lev. 11:7). Feeding hogs is a dirty job; it signifies the unclean business in the satanic world.
Luk 15:16a satisfied Luke 16:21
Luk 15:161 carob
The carob is an evergreen tree. Its pod, also called the carob bean, was used as fodder to feed animals and destitute persons. An interesting rabbinical saying is that “when the Israelites are reduced to carob pods, then they repent.” A tradition says that John the Baptist fed on carob pods in the wilderness; hence, they are called “St. John’s bread.”
Luk 15:17a came cf. Acts 12:11
Luk 15:171 How
This was due to the enlightening and searching of the Spirit (v. 8) within him.
Luk 15:181 rise
This is the result of the Spirit’s seeking in v. 8.
Luk 15:18a to cf. 1 Kings 8:47-48; Jer. 31:18-19; Hosea 2:7; 14:1-3
Luk 15:182 I
The Lord’s parable here implies that when a sinner sins, he sins against heaven and before God the Father, who is in heaven.
Luk 15:18b heaven 1 Kings 8:27; Matt. 6:9; 21:25; John 3:27
Luk 15:18c before Psa. 51:4
Luk 15:191 no
The prodigal son did not know the father’s love.
Luk 15:192 hired
Once he has repented, a fallen sinner always thinks of working for God or of serving God to obtain His favor, not knowing that this thought is against God’s love and grace and is an insult to His heart and intent.
Luk 15:20a long Eph. 2:13
Luk 15:201 saw
This did not happen by chance; the father went out of the house to look for the prodigal’s return.
Luk 15:202 ran
God the Father ran to receive the returning sinner. What eagerness this shows!
Luk 15:203b fell Gen. 33:4; 45:14; 46:29; Acts 20:37
A warm and loving reception. The prodigal son’s return to the Father was due to the Spirit’s seeking (v. 8); the Father’s receiving of the returned son was based on the Son’s finding in His redemption (v. 4).
Luk 15:221 But
“But”! What a word of love and grace! It countered the prodigal’s own thinking and stopped his nonsensical talk.
Luk 15:222 quickly
To match the father’s running (v. 20).
Luk 15:223 the
The indicates a particular robe prepared for this particular purpose at this particular time.
Luk 15:224 best
Lit., first.
Luk 15:225 robe
Signifying Christ the Son as the God-satisfying righteousness to cover the penitent sinner (Jer. 23:6; 1 Cor. 1:30; cf. Isa. 61:10; Zech. 3:4). The best robe, which was also the first robe, replaced the rags (Isa. 64:6) of the returned prodigal.
Luk 15:226 ring
Signifying the sealing Spirit as the God-given seal upon the accepted believer (Eph. 1:13; cf. Gen. 24:47; 41:42).
Luk 15:227 sandals
Signifying the power of God’s salvation to separate the believers from the dirty earth. Both the ring and the sandals were signs of a free man. The adornment, consisting of the robe on the body, the ring on the hand, and the sandals on the feet, allowed the poor prodigal to match his rich father and qualified him to enter the father’s house and feast with the father. God’s salvation adorns us with Christ and the Spirit that we may enjoy the riches in His house.
Luk 15:231a fattened 1 Sam. 28:24
Signifying the rich Christ (Eph. 3:8), killed on the cross for the believer’s enjoyment. God’s salvation has two aspects: the outward, objective aspect, signified by the best robe, and the inward, subjective aspect, signified by the fattened calf. Christ as our righteousness is our salvation outwardly; Christ as our life for our enjoyment is our salvation inwardly. The best robe enabled the prodigal son to meet his father’s requirements and satisfy his father, and the fattened calf satisfied the son’s hunger. Hence, the father and the son could be merry together.
Luk 15:232 slaughter
Or, sacrifice (so in vv. 27, 30).
Luk 15:241 dead
All lost sinners are dead in the eyes of God (Eph. 2:1, 5). When they are saved, they are made alive (John 5:24-25; Col. 2:13).
Luk 15:24a lives Rom. 6:13; 11:15
Luk 15:251 older
Signifying the Pharisees and scribes (v. 2) and representing the unbelieving Jews, who pursue the law of righteousness (Rom. 9:31-32) by their work, signified by in the field.
Luk 15:291 slaving
Signifying slavery under the law (Gal. 5:1).
Luk 15:292 neglected
Or, transgressed.
Luk 15:301 living
See note 122.
Luk 15:30a harlots Prov. 29:3
Luk 15:321 dead
See note 241.
Luk 16:11 And
Indicating continuation. In the preceding chapter the Lord spoke three parables concerning a sinner’s salvation. In this chapter He continued with one more parable, this one concerning the believer’s service. After a sinner becomes a believer, he needs to serve the Lord as a prudent steward.
Luk 16:12 steward
Illustrating how the believers, saved by the love and grace of the Triune God, are the Lord’s stewards (12:42; 1 Cor. 4:1-2; 1 Pet. 4:10), to whom the Lord has committed His possessions.
Luk 16:31 dig
As a farmer, who digs in the field.
Luk 16:32 beg
As a beggar, who begs for help.
Luk 16:41 receive
Signifying being received into the eternal tabernacles (v. 9).
Luk 16:61 measures
Among the Hebrews, a liquid measure of between eight and nine gallons.
Luk 16:71 measures
A dry measure of between ten and twelve bushels.
Luk 16:8a unrighteous cf. Luke 18:6
Luk 16:81 prudently
The praise is not for the steward’s unrighteous act but for his prudence.
Luk 16:82 sons
The unsaved ones, the worldlings.
Luk 16:8b this Luke 20:34
Luk 16:8c prudent Luke 12:42; Matt. 25:2
Luk 16:83 sons
The saved ones, the believers (John 12:36; 1 Thes. 5:5; Eph. 5:8).
Luk 16:8d light Acts 26:18; 1 Pet. 2:9
Luk 16:91 Make
To use money to do things to help others according to God’s leading.
Luk 16:92 unrighteousness
Mammon, i.e., money, is of the satanic world. It is unrighteous in its position and existence. The steward in the parable exercised his prudence by his unrighteous act. The Lord teaches us, His believers, to exercise our prudence in the use of unrighteous mammon.
Luk 16:93 fails
After the satanic world is over, mammon will be of no use in the kingdom of God.
Luk 16:94a eternal cf. 2 Cor. 5:1
I.e., eternal habitations. The prudent believers will be received into the eternal habitations by those who shared the benefit of their prudence. This will be fulfilled in the coming kingdom age (cf. 14:13-14; Matt. 10:42).
Luk 16:10a faithful Luke 19:17; Matt. 25:21, 23
Luk 16:101 least
Least refers to mammon, the possessions of this age; much refers to the rich possessions in the next age (cf. Matt. 25:21, 23).
Luk 16:111 true
Referring to the true possessions in the coming kingdom age (cf. Matt. 24:47).
Luk 16:121 another
In His New Testament economy God does not intend that the New Testament believers care for material possessions. Though the material things of this world were created by God and belong to Him (1 Chron. 29:14, 16), they have been corrupted by man’s fall (Rom. 8:20-21) and usurped by Satan, the evil one (1 John 5:19); hence, they belong to fallen man and are unrighteous (v. 9). While God does supply the believers with their daily necessities from the material things of this age (Matt. 6:31-33) and commits to them as His stewards a portion of these material goods for their exercise and learning that He might prove them in this age, none of these goods should be considered theirs until the restitution of all things in the next age (Acts 3:21). Not until then will the believers inherit the world (Rom. 4:13) and have an abiding possession (Heb. 10:34) for themselves. In this age they should exercise to be faithful in the temporary material things God has given them that they may learn to be faithful toward their eternal possession in the coming age.
Luk 16:122 your
Some MSS read, our own.
Luk 16:131 serve
Lit., Serve as a slave.
Luk 16:13a two Matt. 6:24
Luk 16:132 love
In Greek, hold to one means cleave to the one as against the other. This indicates that to serve the Lord requires us to love Him, giving our heart to Him, and cleave to Him, giving our entire being to Him. Thus we are released from being occupied and usurped by mammon, that we may serve the Lord wholly and fully. The Lord emphasizes here that to serve Him we must overcome the enticing, deceitful mammon of unrighteousness.
Luk 16:133 mammon
See note 243 in Matt. 6.
Luk 16:14a Pharisees Luke 11:39
Luk 16:14b lovers 2 Tim. 3:2; 1 Tim. 6:10
Luk 16:141 were
Lit., were turning up the nose.
Luk 16:14c sneering Luke 23:35
Luk 16:15a justify Luke 10:29; 18:9
Luk 16:15b sight Matt. 23:5
Luk 16:15c hearts 1 Sam. 16:7; 1 Chron. 28:9; Psa. 7:9; Prov. 21:2; Jer. 17:10
Luk 16:151d abomination Prov. 16:5
The self-justifying of the Pharisees was a prideful exalting of self; hence, it was an abomination in the sight of God.
Luk 16:161 law
The law and the prophets refers to the Old Testament.
Luk 16:162 until
Indicating the change of dispensation from the law to the gospel. See note 131 in Matt. 11.
Luk 16:163 kingdom
See note 432 in ch. 4.
Luk 16:164 gospel
To the Pharisees, the money lovers, the Savior preached the kingdom of God as the gospel (v. 14). Money and sexual lust, which is incited by money, held them back from entering into the kingdom of God. Hence, the Savior’s preaching hit these two things purposely and strongly in vv. 18-31.
Luk 16:165a forces Matt. 11:12
For the Pharisees to force their way into the kingdom of God, they needed to humble themselves (cf. v. 15) and to divorce their money (cf. v. 14), not their wives (cf. v. 18), that is, to overcome money and lust, which is incited by money.
Luk 16:17a pass Matt. 5:18; Luke 21:33
Luk 16:171 serif
The minute, horn-like projection that distinguishes various Hebrew letters.
Luk 16:172 fail
Or, fall.
Luk 16:181a divorces Mark 10:11; Mal. 2:16
Lit., releases.
Luk 16:18b adultery Matt. 5:32; 19:9
Luk 16:191 a
This is not a parable, because it mentions names such as Abraham, Lazarus, and Hades. It is a story used by the Savior as an illustrative answer to the money-loving and self-justifying Pharisees (vv. 14-15); it is a warning to them, unveiling that their future will be miserable, like that of the rich man, as a result of their rejecting of the Savior’s gospel because of their love for money.
Luk 16:19a purple Esth. 8:15; Rev. 18:12, 16
Luk 16:21a satisfied Luke 15:16
Luk 16:21b table Matt. 15:27
Luk 16:22a angels Acts 12:15; Heb. 1:13-14
Luk 16:221 Abraham’s
A rabbinical phrase, equivalent to being with Abraham in Paradise. See note 41 in 2 Cor. 12.
Luk 16:22b bosom cf. John 13:23
Luk 16:231a Hades Job 21:13; Matt. 11:23
See note 231 in Matt. 11.
Luk 16:23b torment Rev. 14:10-11
Luk 16:24a Father John 8:33, 39, 53
Luk 16:24b tongue cf. Zech. 14:12
Luk 16:24c flame Matt. 25:41; Mark 9:48; Isa. 66:24
Luk 16:261 chasm
A gulf that divides Hades into two sections: the pleasant section, where Abraham, Lazarus, and all the saved saints are (v. 22), and the section of torment, where the rich man and all the perished sinners are (vv. 23a, 28). The two sections are cut off from each other and have no bridge between them for passage. Yet those in the two sections can see and even talk to one another (vv. 23-25).
Luk 16:291a Moses Luke 24:27; John 5:45-47; Acts 15:21; 26:22; 28:23
Referring to the law of Moses and the books of the prophets (cf. v. 16), which are the word of God (Matt. 4:4). Whether one hears the word of God or not determines whether one is saved or perishes. The poor man was saved not because he was poor but because he heard the word of God (John 5:24; Eph. 1:13). The rich man perished not because he was rich but because he rejected the word of God (Acts 13:46).
Luk 16:311 not
If people do not hear what the word of God says, they will not be persuaded even if someone miraculously rises from the dead. The Savior’s word here implied that if the Jews, represented by the Pharisees, did not hear the word of God spoken through Moses and the prophets in the Old Testament, they would not be persuaded even though He would rise from the dead. This very tragedy occurred after His resurrection (Matt. 28:11-15; Acts 13:30-40, 44-45).
Luk 17:1a stumbling Matt. 18:7
Luk 17:1b woe Luke 22:22
Luk 17:1c whom Matt. 13:41
Luk 17:2a millstone Matt. 18:6; Mark 9:42
Luk 17:3b sins Matt. 18:15
Luk 17:3c rebuke Lev. 19:17
Luk 17:3d forgive Matt. 6:14; 18:35; Eph. 4:32
Luk 17:4a seven Matt. 18:21-22
Luk 17:51a Increase cf. Mark 9:24
Or, Add to us faith.
Luk 17:6a faith Matt. 17:20; 21:21; Mark 11:23-24
Luk 17:6b mustard Matt. 13:31
Luk 17:8a gird Luke 12:35, 37
Luk 17:10a unprofitable cf. Matt. 25:30
Luk 17:11a Jerusalem Luke 9:51, 53; 13:22
Luk 17:11b Samaria Luke 9:52; John 4:4
Luk 17:11c Galilee Matt. 19:1; John 4:3; Luke 4:14
Luk 17:121a leprous Lev. 13:45-46; Num. 5:2
See note 401 in Mark 1.
Luk 17:14a priests Lev. 14:2-9; Luke 5:14; Matt. 8:4
Luk 17:141 went
This was their believing and obeying. Hence, they were cleansed.
Luk 17:15a glorifying Luke 7:16; 18:43
Luk 17:16a fell Luke 5:12; Num. 16:22; 1 Cor. 14:25
Luk 17:16b Samaritan Matt. 10:5; John 4:9
Luk 17:18a give John 9:24
Luk 17:19a faith Luke 8:48; 7:50; 18:42; Mark 5:34
Luk 17:191 healed
Lit., saved.
Luk 17:20a Pharisees Luke 5:21; 6:2; 7:30, 39; 11:38, 53; 13:31; 14:1; 15:2; 16:14; 19:39
Luk 17:20b when cf. Acts 1:6
Luk 17:201c kingdom Luke 8:10; 9:27; 10:9, 11; 11:2, 20; 13:18-20; 16:16; 19:11-12, 15; 21:31; 22:16, 18; 23:42; Rom. 14:17
See note 432 in ch. 4.
Luk 17:202 not
Indicating that the kingdom of God is not material but spiritual. It is the Savior in His first coming (vv. 21-22), in His second coming (vv. 23-30), in the rapture of His overcoming believers (vv. 31-36), and in His destroying of the Antichrist (v. 37) to recover the whole earth for His reign there (Rev. 11:15).
Luk 17:21a here Matt. 24:23; Mark 13:21
Luk 17:211 kingdom
Verses 22-24 prove that the kingdom of God is the Savior Himself, who was among the Pharisees when He was questioned by them. Wherever the Savior is, there the kingdom of God is. The kingdom of God is with Him, and He brings it to His disciples (v. 22). He is the seed of the kingdom of God to be sown into God’s chosen people to develop into God’s ruling realm (see note 432 in ch. 4). Since His resurrection He has been within His believers (John 14:20; Rom. 8:10). Hence, the kingdom of God is within the church today (Rom. 14:17).
Luk 17:212 you
Referring to the questioning Pharisees (v. 20). The Savior as the kingdom of God was not within them but only in the midst of them.
Luk 17:22a days Luke 5:35
Luk 17:22b days John 8:56
Luk 17:221 not
This indicates the Savior’s absence. During His absence, the world, having rejected Him, will be an evil generation, living in the indulgence of lust (vv. 23-30), and an opponent of His followers, persecuting them because of their testimony concerning Him (18:1-8). Hence, His followers need to overcome the stupefying effect of the world’s indulgent living by losing their soul-life in this age (vv. 31-33). Also, they need to deal with the world’s persecution by being long-suffering and praying persistently in faith (18:7-8), that they may be raptured as overcomers and enter into the enjoyment of the kingdom of God at the Savior’s coming back (vv. 34-37).
Luk 17:241 lightning
See note 271 in Matt. 24.
Luk 17:242 of
Lit., under.
Luk 17:24a day 1 Cor. 1:8
Luk 17:25a rejected Luke 9:22
Luk 17:261a And vv. 26-27: Matt. 24:37-39
For vv. 26-27, see notes in Matt. 24:37-39.
Luk 17:262b days Gen. 6:5-9
The conditions of evil living that stupefied the generation of Noah before the deluge and the generation of Lot before the destruction of Sodom portray the perilous condition of man’s living before the Lord’s parousia (presence, coming) and the great tribulation (Matt. 24:3, 21). To participate in the overcomers’ rapture that we may enjoy the Lord’s parousia and escape the great tribulation, we must overcome the stupefying effect of man’s living today.
Luk 17:26c days 1 Thes. 5:2-3
Luk 17:27a ark Gen. 7:7; Heb. 11:7; 1 Pet. 3:20
Luk 17:27b flood Gen. 7:10; 2 Pet. 2:5
Luk 17:28a days Gen. 19:1-14
Luk 17:28b Lot Gen. 19:15-16, 23; 2 Pet. 2:7
Luk 17:29a Sodom Gen. 19:24-25, 28; 2 Pet. 2:6; Jude 7
Luk 17:29b brimstone Psa. 11:6; Isa. 30:33; Rev. 14:10
Luk 17:30a revealed 1 Cor. 1:7; 2 Thes. 1:7; 1 Pet. 1:7, 13; 4:13
Luk 17:31a housetop Matt. 24:17-18
Luk 17:311 not
To linger in the earthly and material things will cause us to miss the overcomers’ rapture revealed in vv. 34-36.
Luk 17:321 Lot’s
Lot’s wife became a pillar of salt because she took a lingering look backward at Sodom, indicating that she loved and treasured the evil world that God was going to judge and utterly destroy. She was rescued from Sodom, but she did not reach the safe place that Lot reached (Gen. 19:15-30). She did not perish; neither was she fully saved. Like the salt that becomes tasteless (14:34-35 and note 342), she was left in a place of shame. This is a solemn warning to the world-loving believers.
Luk 17:331 preserve
See note 391 in Matt. 10. Preserving our soul-life is related to lingering in the earthly and material things, as mentioned in v. 31. We linger in the earthly things because we care for our soul’s enjoyment in this age. This will cause us to lose our soul; that is, our soul will suffer the loss of its enjoyment in the coming kingdom age.
Luk 17:33a soul-life Luke 9:24
Luk 17:341 I
For vv. 34-36, see notes in Matt. 24:40-41. In these verses the rapture of the overcoming believers is revealed. It will occur secretly and unexpectedly, at night for certain believers who are sleeping, and in the daytime for certain sisters grinding at home and certain brothers working in the field. They are chosen because they have overcome the stupefying effect of the age. In 14:25-35 the Savior charges us to pay the price, insofar as we are able, that we may follow Him. In 16:1-13 He charges us to overcome mammon that we may serve Him prudently as faithful stewards. In vv. 22-37 of this chapter, He charges us to overcome the stupefying effect of self-indulgent living in this age that we may be raptured into the enjoyment of His parousia (presence, coming). All these charges are related to the believers’ overcoming in their practical living.
Luk 17:34a two vv. 34-36: Matt. 24:40-41
Luk 17:342b taken 1 Thes. 4:17
This is the rapture of the overcomers (see note 362 in ch. 21), who do not preserve their soul-life by loving the worldly things of this age (vv. 26-32).
Luk 17:35a grinding Exo. 11:5; Isa. 47:2
Luk 17:361 Two
Some MSS omit this verse.
Luk 17:371 body
I.e., corpse. See note 281 in Matt. 24.
Luk 17:37a vultures cf. Job 39:26-30
Luk 18:1a parable cf. Luke 11:5-9
Luk 18:1b pray Acts 1:14; Rom. 12:12; Eph. 6:18; Col. 4:2; 1 Thes. 5:17
Luk 18:2a not Psa. 36:1; Rom. 3:18
Luk 18:31 widow
In a sense, the believers in Christ are a widow in the present age because their Husband, Christ (2 Cor. 11:2), is absent from them.
Luk 18:32 Avenge
Or, procure justice for.
Luk 18:33 opponent
We believers in Christ have an opponent, Satan the devil, concerning whom we need God’s avenging. We ought to pray persistently for this avenging (cf. Rev. 6:9-10) and should not lose heart.
Luk 18:6a unrighteous Luke 16:8, 9
Luk 18:7a avenging Rev. 6:10; Rom. 12:19
Luk 18:7b chosen Mark 13:20; Col. 3:12; 1 Pet. 1:2
Luk 18:7d long-suffering 2 Pet. 3:9; cf. James 5:7-8
Luk 18:81a comes Heb. 10:37
God’s avenging us of our enemy will take place at the Savior’s coming back (2 Thes. 2:6-9).
Luk 18:82 faith
The persistent faith for our persistent prayer, like the faith of the widow. Hence, it is the subjective faith, not the objective faith.
Luk 18:91 He
What is covered in vv. 9-30 may be considered the conditions and requirements for entering into the kingdom of God: (1) to humble oneself as a sinner before God, realizing the need of God’s propitiation (vv. 9-14); (2) to be like a little child, without any preoccupying concept (vv. 15-17); and (3) to follow the Savior by overcoming being occupied by riches and all other material matters (vv. 18-30).
Luk 18:9a trusted Luke 16:15; Prov. 30:12
Luk 18:9b righteous cf. Matt. 5:20
Luk 18:10a went 1 Kings 10:5; 2 Kings 20:5, 8; Acts 3:1
Luk 18:10b Pharisee Luke 15:1-2
Luk 18:11a stood Psa. 135:2; Matt. 6:5; Mark 11:25
Luk 18:111 not
This does not sound like a prayer but like an accusing of others.
Luk 18:121a fast Matt. 9:14; Isa. 58:3
This does not sound like a prayer but like an arrogant boast to God. Such boasting is an utterly detestable sin.
Luk 18:122 week
The same Greek word as for Sabbath in Matt. 28:1 and for week in John 20:1. This seven-day week is the week of the Sabbath established by the Jews according to Gen. 2.
Luk 18:12b give Num. 18:21, 24; Luke 11:42
Luk 18:13a not Ezra 9:6; Job 10:15
Luk 18:13b beat Matt. 11:17; Luke 23:48
Luk 18:131 propitiated
The tax collector realized how his sinfulness offended God; hence, he asked God to be propitiated, to be appeased toward him by a propitiatory sacrifice for sins, that God might be merciful and gracious to him (see notes 252 in Rom. 3, 174 in Heb. 2, and 21 in 1 John 2).
Luk 18:13c sinner Luke 5:32; 7:39; 1 Tim. 1:15
Luk 18:14a justified Rom. 3:20-26; 5:9
Luk 18:14b humbled Luke 14:11
Luk 18:15a babies vv. 15-17: Matt. 19:13-15; Mark 10:13-16
Luk 18:15b rebuked Luke 18:39
Luk 18:161a forbid Mark 9:39
Or, prevent, hinder.
Luk 18:162b kingdom John 3:3, 5
See note 432 in ch. 4.
Luk 18:17a kingdom James 2:5
Luk 18:171b little Matt. 18:3; 1 Cor. 14:20; 1 Pet. 2:2
A little child, not filled with and occupied by old concepts, can easily receive a new thought. Hence, people need to be like little children and, with an unoccupied heart, receive the kingdom of God as a new thing.
Luk 18:181 certain
For vv. 18-30, see notes in Matt. 19:16-29.
Luk 18:18a saying vv. 18-30: Matt. 19:16-29; Mark 10:17-30; Luke 10:25-28
Luk 18:182 what
See note 252 in ch. 10.
Luk 18:18b inherit 1 Cor. 6:9-10; Gal. 5:21; Eph. 5:5; Heb. 1:14
Luk 18:18c eternal Luke 18:30
Luk 18:20a not Exo. 20:13-16; Deut. 5:17-20
Luk 18:20b honor Exo. 20:12; Deut. 5:16
Luk 18:21a All cf. Phil. 3:6
Luk 18:22a sell Luke 12:33
Luk 18:22b poor Luke 19:8
Luk 18:22c heavens Matt. 6:19-20
Luk 18:22d follow Luke 9:57-62
Luk 18:23a heard cf. Ezek. 33:31
Luk 18:24a riches Prov. 11:28; Matt. 13:22; 1 Tim. 6:17
Luk 18:251 needle
The Greek word here for needle is different from that in Matthew and Mark. This is the word used by surgeons.
Luk 18:261 Then
Lit., And.
Luk 18:27a possible Rom. 4:21; Job 42:2
Luk 18:28a left Luke 14:33
Luk 18:28b followed Matt. 4:20, 22
Luk 18:29a brothers Luke 14:26; Deut. 33:9
Luk 18:291 for
Matthew 19:29 has “for My name’s sake.” This indicates that the Savior is the kingdom of God (see note 211 in ch. 17).
Luk 18:29b kingdom Luke 9:62
Luk 18:301 this
The present age.
Luk 18:30a coming Matt. 12:32; Eph. 1:21; Heb. 6:5
Luk 18:30b eternal Luke 18:18
Luk 18:31a twelve Luke 6:13-16
Luk 18:31b going vv. 31-33: Matt. 20:17-19; Mark 10:32-34
Luk 18:31c Jerusalem Luke 9:51; 19:28
Luk 18:31d accomplished Matt. 1:22; 21:4; 26:56
Luk 18:321a delivered Luke 9:44
See notes 181 in Matt. 20 and 331 in Mark 10.
Luk 18:32b mocked Matt. 27:28-31
Luk 18:32c spat Isa. 50:6; Matt. 26:67; Mark 14:65; 15:19
Luk 18:33a scourged Matt. 27:26; Mark 15:15
Luk 18:33b third Luke 9:22
Luk 18:34a hidden Luke 9:45
Luk 18:351a drew vv. 35-43: Matt. 20:29-34; Mark 10:46-52
[ par. 1 2 ]
Luk 18:351 [1] This means that the Savior healed the blind man before He entered Jericho. But according to Matt. 20:29 and Mark 10:46, the healing occurred at His going out from Jericho. Luke’s narrative has a spiritual significance. The blind man’s receiving of sight was followed in 19:1-9 by the salvation of Zaccheus. This indicates that to receive salvation one must first have sight to see the Savior. These two cases, occurring at Jericho one after the other, should be considered, spiritually, as one complete case. A sinner in darkness needs to receive sight that he may realize that he needs salvation (Acts 26:18).
Luk 18:351 [2] What is covered in 18:35—19:10 shows how one can fulfill the conditions revealed in vv. 9-30 for entering the kingdom of God—first, one must receive sight from the Savior (vv. 35-43), and then one must receive the Savior as the dynamic salvation (19:1-10). In this way the blind man could be like the repenting tax collector and the unoccupied little child and receive the Savior, and Zaccheus could renounce all his riches and follow Him. The way to enter into all spiritual things is to receive sight from the Lord and to receive the Lord Himself.
Luk 18:35b Jericho Luke 10:30
Luk 18:35c blind John 9:1, 8
Luk 18:37a Nazarene Matt. 2:23; Mark 1:24
Luk 18:381a Son Matt. 1:1; 9:27
See note 301 in Matt. 20.
Luk 18:39a rebuked Luke 18:15
Luk 18:411 What
See note 511 in Mark 10.
Luk 18:42a faith Luke 17:19; Matt. 9:22
Luk 18:421 healed
Lit., saved.
Luk 18:43a glorifying Luke 17:15
Luk 18:43b praise Luke 19:37
Luk 19:11a Jericho Luke 18:35; Matt. 20:29
See note 303 in ch. 10.
Luk 19:21 tax
See note 462 in Matt. 5.
Luk 19:3a see cf. John 12:21
Luk 19:41a sycamore 1 Kings 10:27; 1 Chron. 27:28; Psa. 78:47; cf. Luke 17:6
Or, fig-mulberry. Its leaves are like those of the mulberry, and its fruit like that of the fig tree.
Luk 19:81 half
Once a sinner receives the Savior, the issue of his dynamic salvation is that he deals with material possessions and clears his past sinful life.
Luk 19:8a poor Luke 18:22
Luk 19:82 taken
The same Greek word as in 3:14. It is a mild way of saying “extorted.” The tax collectors would put an excessive value on property or income, or increase the tax of those unable to pay, and would then practice usury.
Luk 19:83 four
This was according to the law’s requirements for restoration (Exo. 22:1; 2 Sam. 12:6).
Luk 19:9a salvation Luke 1:69, 77; 2:30; 3:6
Luk 19:91 also
However evil this tax collector was, he nevertheless was a son of Abraham, a chosen heir of God’s promised inheritance (Gal. 3:7, 29).
Luk 19:9b Abraham Luke 3:8; 13:16; 16:24; Gal. 3:7, 29
Luk 19:101a seek Luke 15:4; Ezek. 34:4, 11-12, 16
This indicates that the Savior’s coming to Jericho was not accidental but purposeful; He came to seek this unique lost sinner, just as He sought the sinful woman in Samaria (John 4:4).
Luk 19:10b lost Matt. 10:6; 15:24
Luk 19:111 further
Spiritually, this further parable is a continuation of the preceding case of salvation. It depicts how the saved ones should serve the Lord that they may inherit the coming kingdom.
Luk 19:11a Jerusalem Luke 17:11; 18:31; 19:28
Luk 19:11b kingdom Luke 17:20; Mark 1:15
Luk 19:112 appear
Or, be shown forth, be made to appear.
Luk 19:121 certain
Signifying the Savior, who is of the highest status—the God-man, both honorable in His deity and noble in His humanity.
Luk 19:122 went
Signifying the Savior’s going to heaven after His death and resurrection (24:51; 1 Pet. 3:22).
Luk 19:123 return
Signifying the Savior’s coming back with the kingdom (Dan. 7:13-14; Rev. 11:15; 2 Tim. 4:1).
Luk 19:131a ten Matt. 25:1
In the parable in Matt. 25:14-30, the slaves are given a varying number of talents according to their individual ability; here the parable emphasizes the common portion given equally to each slave based on the common salvation. However, the point of both parables is the same: the faithfulness of the slaves will determine their portion as their reward in the coming kingdom.
Luk 19:132 minas
A mina is equal to one hundred drachmas, or one hundred days’ wages.
Luk 19:133 until
Lit., while I am coming.
Luk 19:141a citizens cf. John 1:11
Signifying the unbelieving Jews.
Luk 19:142 We
This was fulfilled in Acts 2—9.
Luk 19:17a faithful Matt. 25:21, 23; Luke 16:10; 1 Cor. 4:2
Luk 19:171 have
Signifying the overcomers’ reigning over the nations (Rev. 2:26; 20:4, 6).
Luk 19:17b over cf. Matt. 24:47
Luk 19:191 five
Indicating that the overcoming saints’ reigning in the coming kingdom as a reward will differ in extent.
Luk 19:201 And
For vv. 20-26, see notes in Matt. 25:24-29.
Luk 19:202 kept
Signifying that the unfaithful believers keep their salvation in an idle way instead of using it productively. To keep the Lord’s salvation laid away is to not make use of it. Such idleness toward the Lord will cause the unfaithful believers to be condemned and to suffer loss.
Luk 19:20a handkerchief John 11:44; Acts 19:12
Luk 19:211 harsh
Demanding strictly; not as strong as hard in Matt. 25:24 (see note 3 there).
Luk 19:221 judge
Or, condemn.
Luk 19:22a wicked Matt. 18:32
Luk 19:231 in
Lit., on the table (of the moneychanger).
Luk 19:26a has Luke 8:18; Matt. 13:12; 25:29; Mark 4:25
Luk 19:271a slay cf. Luke 20:16; Matt. 22:7
Signifying that all the unbelieving Jews who reject the Savior will perish.
Luk 19:281 going
In the preceding verse the Savior finished His ministry. Now the time came when He needed to go up to Jerusalem to present Himself to the death ordained by God for the accomplishing of God’s eternal redemption (see notes 11 and 331 in Mark 10). Although He knew that the leaders of Judaism were seeking the opportunity to kill Him, He still went straight ahead boldly.
Luk 19:28a Jerusalem Luke 9:51; 17:11; 18:31; 19:11; Mark 10:32
Luk 19:291 And
For vv. 29-38, see notes in Matt. 21:1-9.
Luk 19:29a Bethphage vv. 29-38: Matt. 21:1-9; Mark 11:1-10
Luk 19:29b Bethany Matt. 21:17; Luke 24:50; John 11:18
Luk 19:29c mount Zech. 14:4; Matt. 24:3; 26:30; John 8:1; Acts 1:12
Luk 19:29d sent cf. Luke 22:8
Luk 19:30a no cf. Luke 23:53
Luk 19:32a found Luke 22:13
Luk 19:33a colt Zech. 9:9; John 12:14-15
Luk 19:361 spread
Lit., were spreading out under.
Luk 19:36a garments cf. 2 Kings 9:13
Luk 19:37a praise Luke 18:43
Luk 19:37b seen cf. John 12:17-18
Luk 19:38a King Matt. 25:34; John 1:49
Luk 19:38b name Luke 13:35; Psa. 118:26
Luk 19:38c highest Luke 2:14; Psa. 148:1
Luk 19:39a said cf. Matt. 21:15-16
Luk 19:40a stones cf. Hab. 2:11
Luk 19:41a wept John 11:35; Heb. 5:7
Luk 19:42a things cf. Deut. 32:29
Luk 19:421 peace
This will be in the restoration of Israel (Acts 1:6) after the Savior’s return.
Luk 19:43a rampart cf. Isa. 29:3; Jer. 6:6; Ezek. 4:2
Luk 19:43b encircle Luke 21:20
Luk 19:441 level
This was fulfilled in A.D. 70 through the Roman prince Titus with his army.
Luk 19:44a stone Luke 21:6; Matt. 24:2; Mark 13:2
Luk 19:442b visitation Luke 1:68; 7:16; Exo. 3:16
The Savior’s first coming, when He visited them in grace in the acceptable year of the Lord (2:10-14; 4:18-22). To miss the Lord’s visitation of grace and thereby lose the opportunity to repent and be saved will cause a person to be judged and to regret forever.
Luk 19:45a entered vv. 45-48: Matt. 21:12-16; Mark 11:15-18; cf. John 2:14-17
Luk 19:46a house Isa. 56:7
Luk 19:46b robbers Jer. 7:11
Luk 19:47a taught Luke 20:1
Luk 19:47b destroy Luke 22:2; John 7:19; 8:37
Luk 20:11 He
See note 151 in Mark 11.
Luk 20:1a teaching Luke 19:47
Luk 20:1b temple vv. 1-8: Matt. 21:23-27; Mark 11:27-33
Luk 20:2a authority cf. Acts 4:7
Luk 20:4b heaven Luke 15:18, 21; John 3:27
Luk 20:5a not Matt. 21:32
Luk 20:6a prophet Matt. 11:9; 14:5
Luk 20:81 Neither
See note 272 in Matt. 21.
Luk 20:91 And
For vv. 9-19, see notes in Matt. 21:33-46 and Mark 12:1-12.
Luk 20:9a parable vv. 9-19: Matt. 21:33-46; Mark 12:1-12
Luk 20:9c vineyard Isa. 5:1-2; Matt. 21:28
Luk 20:9d vinedressers cf. S.S. 8:11-12
Luk 20:9e abroad Matt. 25:14-15
Luk 20:10a sent 2 Chron. 24:19; 36:15-16
Luk 20:10b beat Jer. 37:15
Luk 20:13a beloved Matt. 3:17
Luk 20:131 probably
An expression of one’s reasonable hope.
Luk 20:14a heir Heb. 1:2
Luk 20:15a out Heb. 13:12
Luk 20:15b killed Acts 2:23; 3:15; 1 Thes. 2:15
Luk 20:16a destroy cf. Luke 19:44
Luk 20:16b others Acts 13:46
Luk 20:17a The Psa. 118:22; Acts 4:11
Luk 20:18a stone Isa. 8:14-15; Rom. 9:32-33; 1 Pet. 2:8
Luk 20:18b chaff Dan. 2:34-35
Luk 20:201 And
For vv. 20-26, see notes in Matt. 22:15-22.
Luk 20:20a watched Luke 14:1; Mark 3:2
Luk 20:20b sent vv. 20-26: Matt. 22:15-22; Mark 12:13-17
Luk 20:20c feigned cf. 1 Kings 14:6
Luk 20:20d word Luke 20:26; 11:54
Luk 20:20e deliver Luke 18:32; Acts 2:23
Luk 20:20f governor Matt. 27:2, 11; 28:14
Luk 20:211 and
Lit., and do not accept a face.
Luk 20:21a person Deut. 1:17; 16:19; James 2:1
Luk 20:21b way Acts 13:10; 18:25-26
Luk 20:22a taxes Matt. 17:25
Luk 20:22b Caesar Luke 2:1; 3:1
Luk 20:23a craftiness 2 Cor. 11:3
Luk 20:24a denarius Matt. 18:28
Luk 20:25a render Rom. 13:7
Luk 20:26a saying Luke 20:20
Luk 20:271 And
For vv. 27-38, see notes in Matt. 22:23-32.
Luk 20:27a Sadducees Matt. 3:7; 16:1; 22:34; Acts 4:1; 5:17
Luk 20:27b resurrection Acts 23:8; 4:1-2
Luk 20:27c questioned vv. 27-38: Matt. 22:23-32; Mark 12:18-27
Luk 20:28a wife Deut. 25:5
Luk 20:301
Some MSS add, took the wife, and this one died childless.
Luk 20:34a sons Luke 16:8
Luk 20:34b marry Luke 17:27
Luk 20:35a worthy Acts 5:41; 2 Thes. 1:5
Luk 20:351 age
The coming age of the kingdom (13:28-29; 22:18) and the resurrection of life (John 5:29; Luke 14:14; Rev. 20:4, 6) are eternal blessings and enjoyments in the eternal life for the believers who are counted worthy (18:29-30; Matt. 19:28-29).
Luk 20:36a die John 11:25-26; 1 Cor. 15:54-55
Luk 20:36b angels cf. Heb. 2:7, 9
Luk 20:36c sons Rom. 8:14; cf. Psa. 82:6
Luk 20:36d resurrection 1 Cor. 15:42, 52; 1 Thes. 4:16
Luk 20:37a bush Exo. 3:2-4
Luk 20:37b Abraham Exo. 3:6, 15-16
Luk 20:38a living Rom. 6:11
Luk 20:39a well Mark 12:28
Luk 20:401a no Matt. 22:46; Mark 12:34
The faultfinding opposers’ insidious questions exposed their evil, subtlety, and meanness, which were the exact opposites of the Man-Savior’s perfection, wisdom, and dignity. This vindicated Him in His human perfection with His divine splendor and muzzled them in their hateful plot and their Satan-instigated conspiracy (see note 461 in Matt. 22). They were trying to find fault with the Man-Savior, but eventually they were subdued by Him, the perfect and blameless One.
Luk 20:411 And
For vv. 41-44, see notes in Matt. 22:41-45.
Luk 20:41a said vv. 41-44: Matt. 22:41-45; Mark 12:35-37
Luk 20:41b David’s Matt. 1:1; John 7:42
Luk 20:42a The Psa. 110:1
Luk 20:42b Sit Heb. 10:12-13
Luk 20:44a his Rom. 1:3
Luk 20:441 son
See note 371 in Mark 12.
Luk 20:45a said vv. 45-47: Matt. 23:1-7, 14; Mark 12:38-40
Luk 20:461 Beware
After muzzling all His opposers, the Savior warned His disciples of the hypocrisy and evils of the scribes, indicating that they were condemned by the One in whom they tried their best to find fault.
Luk 20:46a greetings Luke 11:43
Luk 20:46b marketplaces Luke 7:32; Mark 6:56
Luk 20:46c places Luke 14:7-8
Luk 20:471 pretense
Down through the ages prayer has been offered as a pretense and has been misused by man.
Luk 20:47a greater James 3:1
Luk 20:472 judgment
Or, punishment, condemnation.
Luk 21:11 saw
See note 411 in Mark 12.
Luk 21:1a rich vv. 1-4: Mark 12:41-44
Luk 21:1b casting 2 Kings 12:9
Luk 21:12 gifts
Things offered to God (so in v. 4).
Luk 21:1c treasury Matt. 27:6; John 8:20
Luk 21:21 impoverished
A stronger word than poor, indicating a penniless condition.
Luk 21:2a lepta cf. Luke 12:59
Luk 21:3a poor 2 Cor. 8:2
Luk 21:51 And
For vv. 5-19, see notes in Matt. 24:1-13 and Mark 13:1-13.
Luk 21:5a temple vv. 5-19: Matt. 24:1-13; Mark 13:1-13
Luk 21:52 beautiful
The things for God that have a beautiful appearance but no reality will be rejected by God.
Luk 21:53 consecrated
Or, votive gifts.
Luk 21:6a stone Luke 19:44
Luk 21:8a See Mark 13:33; Col. 2:8
Luk 21:8b name Jer. 14:14
Luk 21:11a earthquakes Rev. 6:12
Luk 21:11b famines Acts 11:28; Rev. 6:8
Luk 21:11c signs cf. Luke 11:16
Luk 21:12a delivering vv. 12-17: Matt. 10:17-22
Luk 21:12b prisons Acts 5:18; 12:4; 16:24; 22:19; 26:10
Luk 21:12c bringing Acts 16:19; 18:12
Luk 21:12d kings 1 Pet. 2:13-14
Luk 21:14a take Luke 12:11
Luk 21:15a mouth Exo. 4:12; Jer. 1:9
Luk 21:15b resist Acts 6:10
Luk 21:161 delivered
Or, betrayed. So throughout the book.
Luk 21:17a hated Luke 6:22; John 15:18-19
Luk 21:18a hair Matt. 10:30; cf. 1 Sam. 14:45
Luk 21:19a endurance Rom. 5:3; Heb. 10:36; James 1:3
Luk 21:191 possess
Or, acquire, keep intact.
Luk 21:201 But
For vv. 20-28, see notes in Matt. 24:15-31.
Luk 21:20a see vv. 20-28: Matt. 24:15-31; Mark 13:14-27
Luk 21:20b surrounded Luke 19:43
Luk 21:22a vengeance Isa. 34:8
Luk 21:23a pregnant cf. Luke 23:29
Luk 21:231 distress
Or, necessity.
Luk 21:23b wrath 1 Thes. 2:16
Luk 21:24a trampled Rev. 11:2
Luk 21:241 Gentiles
Or, nations.
Luk 21:24b fulfilled cf. Rom. 11:25
Luk 21:25a sun Joel 2:31; Acts 2:20; Rev. 6:12-13
Luk 21:25b roaring Psa. 65:7
Luk 21:261 fainting
Lit., stopping breathing.
Luk 21:262 inhabited
Referring to the earth at the time of the great tribulation, which will come in the last three and a half years of this age (Matt. 24:21; Rev. 3:10).
Luk 21:26a shaken Heb. 12:26
Luk 21:27a Son Matt. 26:64; Dan. 7:13; Rev. 14:14; John 1:51
Luk 21:27b coming Acts 1:9-11; Rev. 1:7
Luk 21:27c glory Matt. 25:31
Luk 21:28a redemption Rom. 8:23; Eph. 4:30
Luk 21:291 And
For vv. 29-33, see notes in Matt. 24:32-35.
Luk 21:29a fig vv. 29-33: Matt. 24:32-35; Mark 13:28-31
Luk 21:32a this Matt. 23:36
Luk 21:33a pass Luke 16:17; Matt. 5:18; Rev. 21:1
Luk 21:33b words Psa. 119:89; Isa. 40:8; 1 Pet. 1:25
Luk 21:34a take Luke 8:18
Luk 21:341 debauchery
Indicating a drunken hangover.
Luk 21:34b drunkenness Rom. 13:13; Matt. 24:49
Luk 21:34c anxieties Matt. 13:22
Luk 21:342 suddenly
Or, unexpectedly.
Luk 21:34d snare Eccl. 9:12; Isa. 24:17; Rom. 11:9; 1 Tim. 3:7; 6:9; 2 Tim. 2:26
Luk 21:351a dwelling Rev. 3:10; 6:10; 8:13; 11:10; 13:8, 14; 17:2, 8
Lit., sitting.
Luk 21:36a watchful Matt. 24:42; 25:13; 26:38, 41; Acts 20:31; 1 Cor. 16:13; Eph. 6:18; Col. 4:2; 1 Thes. 5:6; 1 Pet. 5:8; Rev. 3:2; 16:15
Luk 21:36b beseeching Luke 18:1; Rom. 12:12; Col. 4:12; 1 Thes. 5:17; 1 Pet. 4:7
Luk 21:361 prevail
Have strength and ability. The strength and ability to escape the great tribulation come from watchfulness and beseeching.
Luk 21:362 escape
To be taken, raptured, before the great tribulation (Matt. 24:21; Luke 17:34-36 and note 342), which will be a severe trial upon the whole inhabited earth (Rev. 3:10). To be thus raptured is to be kept “out of the hour of trial, which is about to come on the whole inhabited earth, to try them who dwell on the earth” (Rev. 3:10).
Luk 21:363 all
All the things of the great tribulation.
Luk 21:364c stand cf. Psa. 1:5; Rev. 6:17; Eph. 6:13
Corresponding with standing in Rev. 14:1, indicating that the raptured overcomers will stand before the Savior on Mount Zion in the heavens before the great tribulation (cf. Rev. 12:5-6, 14).
Luk 21:37a teaching Matt. 26:55
Luk 21:37b went Matt. 21:17
Luk 21:37c Olivet Luke 22:39; Matt. 26:30
Luk 21:38a morning John 8:2
Luk 22:11 Now
For vv. 1-2, see notes in Matt. 26:2-5.
Luk 22:1a Passover vv. 1-2: Matt. 26:2-5; Mark 14:1-2
Luk 22:1b near cf. John 6:4; 11:55
Luk 22:2a do Luke 19:47; John 11:53
Luk 22:2b feared Matt. 21:46
Luk 22:3b Judas Luke 6:16; John 6:70-71; 12:4
Luk 22:3c Iscariot vv. 3-6: Matt. 26:14-16; Mark 14:10-11
Luk 22:4a officers Luke 22:52; Acts 4:1; 5:24, 26
Luk 22:51a money cf. Zech. 11:12
See note 111 in Mark 14.
Luk 22:6a deliver Luke 22:21; 9:44
Luk 22:71 Unleavened
See note 171 in Matt. 26.
Luk 22:7a passover vv. 7-13: Matt. 26:17-19; Mark 14:12-16
Luk 22:72 sacrificed
See note 122 in Mark 14.
Luk 22:11a Teacher Matt. 23:8; John 11:28
Luk 22:12a upper Acts 1:13
Luk 22:13a found Luke 19:32
Luk 22:14a reclined Matt. 26:20; Mark 14:18
Luk 22:151 eat
The eating and drinking in vv. 15-18 were the keeping of the last Feast of the Passover before the instituting of the Lord’s supper in vv. 19-20.
Luk 22:161 it
It, and what is mentioned in v. 18, refer to the last passover in v. 15, which will be fully fulfilled in the coming kingdom of God, when the Savior will feast with the overcoming saints (v. 30; 13:28-29).
Luk 22:16a kingdom Luke 14:15
Luk 22:17a thanks Matt. 15:36
Luk 22:181 product
Referring to the juice of the grape.
Luk 22:18a kingdom Matt. 26:29; Mark 14:25
Luk 22:191 And
For vv. 19-20, see notes in Matt. 26:26-28 and Mark 14:22-24.
Luk 22:19a loaf vv. 19-20: Matt. 26:26-28; Mark 14:22-24; 1 Cor. 11:23-25
Luk 22:19b body 1 Cor. 10:16
Luk 22:20a new Jer. 31:31; Heb. 8:8, 13; 2 Cor. 3:6
Luk 22:20b blood John 19:34; Rom. 3:25; cf. Exo. 24:8; Zech. 9:11
Luk 22:21a hand vv. 21-23: Matt. 26:21-25; Mark 14:18-21
Luk 22:211 one
See note 201 in Mark 14.
Luk 22:21b betraying Luke 22:6
Luk 22:21c with John 13:18
Luk 22:22a determined Acts 2:23; 4:28
Luk 22:241 And
In the preceding verse the disciples had a discussion; here they had a contention also.
Luk 22:242 contention
The word shows a love of strife, an eagerness to contend.
Luk 22:24a greatest Luke 9:46; Mark 9:34
Luk 22:25a said vv. 25-27: Matt. 20:25-28; Mark 10:42-45
Luk 22:26a greatest Matt. 23:11
Luk 22:26b leads Heb. 13:7, 17, 24; cf. Mark 9:35
Luk 22:261 serves
See note 261 in Matt. 20.
Luk 22:27a serves cf. Luke 12:37; John 13:4-5
Luk 22:28a trials cf. Heb. 2:18; 4:15
Luk 22:291 appoint
Or, covenant to…covenanted to.
Luk 22:29a kingdom Luke 12:32
Luk 22:301 table
This is the feast in the parable in Matt. 22:1-4 and the marriage feast in Rev. 19:9, which is for the overcoming saints (see note 161).
Luk 22:30a kingdom Luke 22:16, 18; 13:29; 14:15; Matt. 8:11
Luk 22:30b thrones Matt. 19:28; Rev. 3:21
Luk 22:30c judging 1 Cor. 6:2
Luk 22:30d tribes Acts 26:7; James 1:1
Luk 22:311 Simon
Some MSS add, And the Lord said.
Luk 22:31a Satan Job 1:6-12; 2:1-6; 1 Cor. 5:5; 2 Cor. 2:11
Luk 22:31b sift Amos 9:9
Luk 22:32a made John 17:9, 11, 15
Luk 22:32b establish cf. John 21:15-17
Luk 22:33a prison Acts 12:4
Luk 22:33b death John 21:19
Luk 22:34a rooster Luke 22:61; Matt. 26:34; Mark 14:30; John 13:38
Luk 22:35a without cf. Luke 9:3; 10:4; Matt. 10:9-10; Mark 6:8
Luk 22:361 buy
At that time people carried a sword while traveling, just as they carried a purse and a bag. The Savior’s word did not mean that He wanted the disciples to arm themselves to resist the coming arrest (cf. vv. 49-51; Matt. 26:51-54); rather, it indicated that the people’s attitude toward Him had changed.
Luk 22:37a counted Isa. 53:12
Luk 22:371b fulfillment John 19:30
Lit., end.
Luk 22:38a swords Luke 22:49
Luk 22:381 enough
Indicating not that two swords were sufficient but that the disciples had said enough (cf. 1 Kings 19:4).
Luk 22:39a Mount Matt. 26:30; Mark 14:26; Luke 21:37
Luk 22:401a place John 18:2
Gethsemane (Matt. 26:36).
Luk 22:40b said vv. 40-46: Matt. 26:36-46; Mark 14:32-42
Luk 22:40c Pray 1 Pet. 4:7
Luk 22:41a knelt Acts 7:60
Luk 22:41b prayed Heb. 5:7
Luk 22:421a cup Matt. 20:22; John 18:11
Referring to the Savior’s death on the cross.
Luk 22:42b will John 5:30; 6:38
Luk 22:422 Yours
See note 361 in Mark 14.
Luk 22:431 And
Some ancient MSS omit vv. 43 and 44.
Luk 22:43a angel Matt. 4:11; Heb. 1:14
Luk 22:44a agony cf. John 12:27; Heb. 5:7
Luk 22:451 sorrow
Sorrow and lack of prayer resulted in sound sleep. Hence, the Lord said, “Rise up and pray.”
Luk 22:47a While vv. 47-53: Matt. 26:47-56; Mark 14:43-50; John 18:3-11
Luk 22:47b Judas Luke 22:3
Luk 22:49a sword Luke 22:38
Luk 22:50a ear John 18:26
Luk 22:511 Let
This may mean, “Let them arrest Me at this time.” The Lord, realizing the situation, willingly accepted it because God had permitted it.
Luk 22:52a officers Luke 22:4
Luk 22:531a temple John 8:2; 18:20
See note 491 in Mark 14.
Luk 22:53b hour Mark 14:35, 41; John 12:27
Luk 22:53c authority Col. 1:13; Acts 26:18; Eph. 6:12
Luk 22:54a led Matt. 26:57; Mark 14:53
Luk 22:54b followed Matt. 26:58; Mark 14:54; John 18:15
Luk 22:55a courtyard vv. 55-62: Matt. 26:69-75; Mark 14:66-72; John 18:15-18, 25-27
Luk 22:591 another
See note 731 in Matt. 26.
Luk 22:59a Galilean Acts 2:7
Luk 22:61a rooster Luke 22:34
Luk 22:63a beat Matt. 26:67-68; Mark 14:65; John 18:22-23
Luk 22:641 Prophesy
See note 681 in Matt. 26.
Luk 22:64a Who cf. Luke 7:39
Luk 22:65a blaspheming Mark 15:29
Luk 22:66a chief Matt. 27:1; Mark 15:1
Luk 22:661 Sanhedrin
See note 226 in Matt. 5.
Luk 22:67a If vv. 67-71: Matt. 26:63-65; Mark 14:61-64; cf. John 18:19-21
Luk 22:67b Christ John 10:24-25
Luk 22:691 Son
See note 641 in Matt. 26.
Luk 22:69a right Mark 16:19; Acts 7:56; Heb. 1:3; 8:1; 1 Pet. 3:22
Luk 22:701 Son
The devil had used this same matter to tempt the Savior (4:3, 9). In that case and in this one, the attack was aimed at the Lord’s deity.
Luk 22:70a You Luke 23:3; Matt. 27:11; Mark 15:2
Luk 23:1a led Matt. 27:2; Mark 15:1; John 18:28
Luk 23:11 Pilate
See notes 21 in Matt. 27 and 12 in Mark 15.
Luk 23:21 perverting
Or, turning away, misleading (cf. v. 14).
Luk 23:2a pay Luke 20:22
Luk 23:2b Caesar Luke 2:1; 3:1
Luk 23:2c King John 18:33, 37; 19:12; Acts 17:7
Luk 23:3a asked Matt. 27:11; Mark 15:2
Luk 23:3b King Matt. 2:2; Luke 23:37-38; John 18:39; 19:3
Luk 23:31 It
This answer is to be understood as a “distinct affirmation” (Alford).
Luk 23:3c say Luke 22:70
Luk 23:4a no Luke 23:14, 22; John 18:38; 19:4, 6; Heb. 4:15; 1 Pet. 2:22
Luk 23:51a Galilee Luke 4:14; Matt. 4:12, 23; Mark 1:14; John 1:43; 2:11
This indicates that the “whole of Judea” comprised Galilee and the region in which Jerusalem was (see note 442 in ch. 4).
Luk 23:6a Galilean Luke 22:59
Luk 23:7a Herod’s Luke 3:1, 19-20; 9:7
Luk 23:8b heard Matt. 14:1
Luk 23:8c sign Matt. 12:38
Luk 23:91 many
Or, considerable, sufficient.
Luk 23:92 nothing
This is the fulfillment of Isa. 53:7.
Luk 23:11a despised Isa. 53:3; Mark 9:12
Luk 23:11b mocked Luke 18:32; 23:36
Luk 23:11c threw Matt. 27:28; Mark 15:17
Luk 23:12a Herod Acts 4:27
Luk 23:13a rulers Luke 23:35; 24:20
Luk 23:141a turns Luke 23:2
Implying to turn the people away from their civil and religious allegiance.
Luk 23:16a discipline Luke 23:22
Luk 23:16b release Acts 3:13
Luk 23:171a Now vv. 17-25: Matt. 27:15-26; Mark 15:6-15; John 18:39-40
Some ancient authorities omit this verse.
Luk 23:18a away cf. Acts 21:36; 22:22
Luk 23:18b release Acts 3:14
Luk 23:19a insurrection Luke 23:25
Luk 23:22a done Luke 23:41
Luk 23:22b no Luke 23:4, 14
Luk 23:22c discipline Luke 23:16
Luk 23:231a crucified Luke 23:33
See note 262 in Matt. 27.
Luk 23:241 gave
See note 151 in Mark 15. The accusations of the Jewish religious leaders exposed their falseness and deceitfulness in their religion, and the judgment made by the Roman rulers exposed their darkness and rottenness in their politics. At the same time, the Man-Savior again was vindicated in His human perfection of the highest standard, with His all-surpassing divine splendor. This was the strongest sign that He was fully qualified to be the Substitute for the sinners for whom He intended to die.
Luk 23:25a insurrection Luke 23:19
Luk 23:25b delivered John 19:16
Luk 23:261a Simon Matt. 27:32; Mark 15:21
See note 321 in Matt. 27.
Luk 23:281a Daughters S.S. 1:5; 2:7
Referring to the inhabitants.
Luk 23:28b Jerusalem Luke 13:34
Luk 23:29a days Luke 17:22
Luk 23:29b nourished cf. Luke 21:23
Luk 23:30a mountains Hosea 10:8; Rev. 6:16
Luk 23:311 tree
The tree full of sap signifies the Man-Savior, who is living and full of life. The dry wood signifies the deadened people of Jerusalem, who were void of life sap.
Luk 23:32a two Matt. 27:38; Mark 15:27; John 19:18
Luk 23:331a Skull Mark 15:22; John 19:17
See note 331 in Matt. 27.
Luk 23:33b crucified Luke 23:23
Luk 23:33c criminals Isa. 53:12
Luk 23:34a forgive Isa. 53:12; cf. Acts 7:60
Luk 23:34b not Acts 3:17
Luk 23:34c lots Psa. 22:18; Matt. 27:35; Mark 15:24; John 19:24
Luk 23:35a looking Psa. 22:17
Luk 23:35b rulers Luke 23:13; 24:20
Luk 23:35c sneered Psa. 22:7; Luke 16:14
Luk 23:35d saved Matt. 27:42; Mark 15:31
Luk 23:35e Himself Luke 4:23
Luk 23:35f Christ Matt. 1:17; Luke 9:20
Luk 23:35g Chosen Luke 9:35; Isa. 42:1; Matt. 12:18; 1 Pet. 2:4
Luk 23:36a mocked Luke 23:11
Luk 23:361b vinegar Psa. 69:21; Mark 15:36; John 19:29
See note 481 in Matt. 27.
Luk 23:37a King Luke 23:3
Luk 23:381
Some MSS add, written in Greek and Roman and Hebrew letters.
Luk 23:38a KING Matt. 27:37; Mark 15:26; John 19:19-22; Luke 23:2-3
Luk 23:39a blasphemed Matt. 27:44; Mark 15:32
Luk 23:401 judgment
Or, punishment, condemnation.
Luk 23:411 amiss
Or, out of place.
Luk 23:421 And
For vv. 42-43a, some MSS read, And he said to Jesus, Remember me, Lord, when You come in Your kingdom. And Jesus said to him…
Luk 23:42a come Luke 19:15; Matt. 25:31
Luk 23:431 Truly
This record of salvation, beginning at v. 40, is unique to this Gospel. It displays the effectiveness of the Man-Savior’s vicarious death and the highest standard of morality of His salvation.
Luk 23:432 Paradise
See note 41 in 2 Cor. 12.
Luk 23:441a sixth Mark 15:33
See note 451 in Matt. 27.
Luk 23:44b darkness Exo. 10:21-22; Rev. 16:10; Amos 8:9
Luk 23:451 The
Some MSS read, And the sun was darkened.
Luk 23:452a veil Mark 15:38; Exo. 26:31-33
See note 511 in Matt. 27.
Luk 23:46a loud Matt. 27:50; Mark 15:37
Luk 23:461 I
See note 501 in Matt. 27.
Luk 23:46b commit Psa. 31:5; John 19:30; cf. Acts 7:59
Luk 23:47a centurion vv. 47-49: Matt. 27:54-56; Mark 15:39-41
Luk 23:47b glorified Luke 17:15
Luk 23:47c righteous Acts 3:14; 1 John 2:1
Luk 23:48a breasts Luke 18:13; Matt. 11:17
Luk 23:49a knew Psa. 88:8
Luk 23:49b women Luke 8:2
Luk 23:49c distance Psa. 38:11
Luk 23:501a Joseph vv. 50-56: Matt. 27:57-61; Mark 15:43-47; John 19:38-42
See note 381 in John 19.
Luk 23:51a expecting Luke 2:25, 38
Luk 23:531 laid
This was for the fulfillment of Isa. 53:9b.
Luk 23:53a no cf. Mark 11:2
Luk 23:541 preparation
See note 621 in Matt. 27.
Luk 23:542 coming
Lit., was coming to light.
Luk 23:56a spices Luke 24:1; 2 Chron. 16:14
Luk 23:56b ointment Matt. 26:12; Mark 16:1
Luk 23:56c Sabbath Exo. 20:8, 10; Deut. 5:12, 14
Luk 23:561 rested
This was a real rest for all God’s chosen people and even for the entire universe. Because the Savior had fully accomplished redemption for all, all could rest.
Luk 24:1a on vv. 1-10: Matt. 28:1-8; Mark 16:1-8; John 20:1
Luk 24:11 first
See notes 12 in Matt. 28 and 11 in John 20.
Luk 24:12 they
Referring to the women mentioned in v. 10 and 23:55.
Luk 24:13 came
See note 12 in John 20.
Luk 24:1b spices Luke 23:56
Luk 24:2a stone Matt. 27:60; Mark 15:46; cf. John 11:38
Luk 24:3a not Luke 24:23
Luk 24:4a two John 20:12; cf. Acts 1:10
Luk 24:4b men Luke 24:23
Luk 24:41c dazzling Acts 10:30
Or, shining.
Luk 24:5a frightened Luke 24:37
Luk 24:5b living Luke 24:23; Rev. 1:18; Heb. 7:8
Luk 24:61 raised
See note 61 in Mark 16.
Luk 24:6a spoke Luke 24:44
Luk 24:6b Galilee Matt. 17:22-23; Mark 9:30-31
Luk 24:7a third Luke 9:22; Matt. 20:19
Luk 24:8a remembered John 2:22; 12:16
Luk 24:9a reported Mark 16:10; John 20:18
Luk 24:10a Mary Matt. 27:56; Mark 15:40
Luk 24:10b Joanna Luke 8:3
Luk 24:101 Mary
The mother of the Man-Savior.
Luk 24:111 to
Lit., in their sight.
Luk 24:112 nonsense
Used in medical language in reference to the wild talk of delirium.
Luk 24:11a not Mark 16:11
Luk 24:12a Peter John 20:3-7
Luk 24:12b linen John 19:40
Luk 24:13a two Mark 16:12-13
Luk 24:131 stadia
One stadion equals about six hundred feet; therefore, sixty stadia would equal about seven miles.
Luk 24:151 went
The Man-Savior was now in resurrection walking with the two disciples. This differed from His walking with His disciples before His death (19:28).
Luk 24:16a kept cf. John 20:14; 21:4
Luk 24:191 said
In their blindness they thought they knew more than the resurrected Savior.
Luk 24:19a Nazarene Matt. 2:23; Mark 1:24; Acts 2:22
Luk 24:192b Prophet Matt. 21:11; Luke 7:16; John 4:19; 6:14; Deut. 18:15
Lit., a man, a Prophet. The two disciples knew the Savior in the flesh (2 Cor. 5:16), not in His resurrection. They knew His power in work and word, not the power of His resurrection (Phil. 3:10).
Luk 24:19c powerful cf. Acts 7:22
Luk 24:20a rulers Luke 23:13, 35
Luk 24:20b delivered Luke 23:1
Luk 24:20c sentence Acts 13:27
Luk 24:20d crucified Luke 23:33; Acts 2:23
Luk 24:21a redeem Luke 1:68; 2:38
Luk 24:22a women Luke 24:10
Luk 24:23a not Luke 24:3
Luk 24:23b angels Luke 24:4
Luk 24:23c living Luke 24:5
Luk 24:24a tomb Luke 24:12
Luk 24:251a foolish Luke 12:20
The word in Greek indicates dullness of perception.
Luk 24:26a suffer Luke 24:46; Acts 3:18; 17:3
Luk 24:261 enter
Referring to His resurrection (v. 46), which brought Him into glory (1 Cor. 15:43a; Acts 3:13a, 15a).
Luk 24:26b glory John 7:39; Phil. 3:21
Luk 24:27a Moses Luke 24:44; John 1:45; 5:46
Luk 24:27b prophets Acts 13:27
Luk 24:271 all
Including the Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms (v. 44)—the entire Old Testament.
Luk 24:27c Scriptures Luke 24:32, 45; Acts 8:35
Luk 24:27d Himself Gen. 3:15; 49:10; Num. 24:17; Deut. 18:15; Psa. 2:1-2, 6; 22:1, 16, 18; 110:1; 118:22-24, 26; 132:11; Isa. 7:14; 9:6; 50:6; 53:1-12; Jer. 33:14-15; Dan. 7:13-14; Micah 5:2; Zech. 9:9; 13:7; Mal. 3:1
Luk 24:29a stay cf. Gen. 19:2-3; Acts 16:15
Luk 24:30a blessed Matt. 26:26
Luk 24:311 opened
The Savior walked with them (v. 15) and stayed with them (v. 29), but it was not until they offered the loaf to Him and He broke it that their eyes were opened to recognize Him. They needed Him to walk and stay with them, but He needed them to offer the loaf to Him so that He could break it that He might open their eyes to see Him.
Luk 24:312 He
Lit., He became invisible from them. The Savior was still with them. He did not leave them but only became invisible.
Luk 24:32a Scriptures Luke 24:27, 45
Luk 24:331 Jerusalem
Jerusalem was the place where the resurrected Savior wanted His disciples to remain before the day of Pentecost (v. 49; Acts 1:4).
Luk 24:33a eleven Mark 16:14
Luk 24:34a appeared 1 Cor. 15:5
Luk 24:35a known Luke 24:31
Luk 24:36a Peace John 20:19
Luk 24:37a frightened Luke 24:5
Luk 24:371 spirit
A ghost or specter.
Luk 24:39a hands John 20:27
Luk 24:39b Touch 1 John 1:1
Luk 24:391 flesh
This is the Man-Savior’s resurrected body, which is spiritual (1 Cor. 15:44) and which is a body of glory (Phil. 3:21 and note 3).
Luk 24:40a showed John 20:20
Luk 24:411 did
Lit., were disbelieving.
Luk 24:41a joy Luke 24:52; John 16:22
Luk 24:41b eat John 21:5
Luk 24:42a fish John 21:9, 13
Luk 24:43a ate Acts 10:41
Luk 24:44a spoke Luke 24:6
Luk 24:441 Law
The Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms are the three sections of the Old Testament, that is, “all the Scriptures” (v. 27). The Savior’s word here unveils that the entire Old Testament is a revelation of Him and that He is its center and content.
Luk 24:44b Moses Luke 24:27
Luk 24:451a opened Psa. 119:18; Acts 16:14
Indicating that to understand the Scriptures requires that our mind be opened by the Lord Spirit through His enlightening (Eph. 1:18).
Luk 24:46a written Matt. 26:24
Luk 24:46b suffer Luke 24:26
Luk 24:46c third Luke 24:7; 9:22
Luk 24:471a forgiveness Jer. 31:34; Acts 2:38; 5:31; 13:38; 1 John 2:12
Forgiveness of sins could be proclaimed only after the Man-Savior’s vicarious death for the sinners’ sins had been accomplished and had been verified by His resurrection (v. 46; cf. Rom. 4:25). The Gospel of John, as the Gospel of the God-Savior, emphasizes life for fruit-bearing (John 15:5). The Gospel of Luke, as the Gospel of the Man-Savior, stresses forgiveness of sins for proclaiming. To bear fruit in life requires the Spirit of life essentially, received through the breathing of the Spirit (John 20:22). To proclaim forgiveness of sins requires the Spirit of power economically, received through the baptism in the Spirit (Acts 1:5, 8). To bear fruit is a matter of life; to proclaim forgiveness of sins is a matter of power.
Luk 24:47b name Mal. 1:11; Matt. 28:19; Acts 4:12
Luk 24:47c nations Gen. 12:3; Psa. 22:27; Gal. 3:8
Luk 24:47d Jerusalem Acts 1:8
Luk 24:48a witnesses John 15:27; Acts 1:8; 3:15; 5:32; 10:39, 41; 13:31; 1 Cor. 15:15; 1 Pet. 5:1
Luk 24:491a promise Acts 2:33; Eph. 1:13
The promise given in Joel 2:28-29, fulfilled on the day of Pentecost (Acts 1:4-5, 8; 2:1-4, 16-18). It concerned the outpouring of the Spirit as the power from on high for the believers’ ministry economically. This is different from the Spirit of life being breathed into the disciples (John 20:22 and note 1, par. 1) by the resurrected Savior on the day of His resurrection for His indwelling that He might be life to them essentially.
Luk 24:492 stay
Lit., sit.
Luk 24:493 put
Regarding the Spirit of life, we need to breathe Him in as the breath (John 20:22); regarding the Spirit of power, we need to put Him on as the uniform, typified by the mantle of Elijah (2 Kings 2:9, 13-15). The former, like the water of life, requires our drinking (John 7:37-39); the latter, like the water of baptism, requires our being immersed (Acts 1:5). These are the two aspects of the one Spirit for our experience (1 Cor. 12:13). The indwelling of the Spirit of life is essential and is for our life and living; the outpouring of the Spirit of power is economical and is for our ministry and work.
Luk 24:49b power Acts 1:8
Luk 24:49c high James 1:17; 3:17
Luk 24:501a Bethany John 11:18; Matt. 21:17
At the Mount of Olives (Acts 1:12).
Luk 24:511 carried
[ par. 1 2 3 4 5 6 ]
Luk 24:511 [1] In this book Luke displays and presents mainly five crucial and excellent aspects concerning the Man-Savior: His birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ascension.
Luk 24:511 [2] (1) His birth was of and with the Spirit of God essentially, making Him a God-man so that He could be the Man-Savior (1:35).
Luk 24:511 [3] (2) His ministry was by and through the Spirit of God economically for the carrying out of God’s economy in His jubilee (4:18-19).
Luk 24:511 [4] (3) His death was by His being the God-man to accomplish God’s redemption for man (23:42-43) and to release Himself into man as the fire of life to burn on the earth (12:49-50).
Luk 24:511 [5] (4) His resurrection was (a) God’s vindication of Him and of His work; (b) His success in all His achievements; and (c) His victory over the universal enemy of God.
Luk 24:511 [6] (5) His ascension was God’s exaltation of Him, which made Him the Christ of God and the Lord of all (Acts 2:36) that He might carry out His heavenly ministry on the earth as the all-inclusive Spirit poured out from the heavens upon His Body, which is constituted of His believers (Acts 2:4, 17-18), as recorded by Luke in his further writing, the Acts.
Luk 24:51a heaven Mark 16:19; 1 Pet. 3:22; Heb. 9:24; 1 Kings 8:27; 2 Cor. 12:2
Luk 24:52a worshipped Matt. 28:9, 17
Luk 24:52b Jerusalem Acts 1:12; Luke 24:49
Luk 24:52c joy Luke 24:41
Luk 24:53a temple Acts 2:46; 3:1; 5:21, 42
Luk 24:53b blessing Luke 1:64; 2:28
Luk 24:531
Some MSS add, Amen.