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Lamentations

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[ Introduction | Subject ]

Chapters
ch. 1    5

Introduction to Lamentations:
Author: Jeremiah (according to 1:1 in the Septuagint; cf. also 2 Chron. 35:25).Time of Writing: Shortly after the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C.Place of Writing: Jerusalem.

Subject of Lamentations:
The Expression of Jeremiah's Sorrow and Love
over the Holy City and the Holy People of God

Lamentations

Chapter 1 of 5

Verses
vv. 1    5     10    
15     20  

I.  The first lamentation—a lamentation over the desolation of the holy city1:1-22

A.  Her distressing circumstances — vv. 1-11
Lam 1:1 - 1How the city sits aloneThat was full of people!She who was once great among the nationsHas become like a widow;She who was a princess among the provincesHas become tributary.Lam 1:2 - Bitterly she weeps in the night,And her tears are on her cheeks.There is no one to acomfort herAmong all her lovers;All her friends have dealt treacherously with her;They have become her enemies.Lam 1:3 - aJudah has gone into exile, away from afflictionAnd away from great servitude;She dwells among the bnationsBut finds no rest;All her pursuers have overtaken herIn the midst of distress.Lam 1:4 - The ways of Zion mourn,For no one comes to the appointed feast;All her gates are desolate;Her priests groan;Her virgins are afflicted,And she is in bitterness.Lam 1:5 - Her adversaries have become the ahead;Her enemies prosper;For Jehovah has afflicted herBecause of the multitude of her transgressions;Her little ones have gone into bcaptivityBefore the adversary.Lam 1:6 - And all her majesty has departedFrom the daughter of Zion;Her princes have become like deerThat find no pasture,And they have fled without strengthBefore the pursuer.Lam 1:7 - In the days of her affliction and her 1wanderings,Jerusalem remembersAll her precious thingsWhich were in the days of old,When her people fell into the hand of the adversary,And there was no one to help her.The adversaries saw her;They mocked at her downfall.Lam 1:8 - Jerusalem has asinned grievously;Therefore she has become an impurity.All who honored her despise her,Because they have seen her nakedness;And she groansAnd turns backwards.Lam 1:9 - Her uncleanness is in her skirts;She did not remember her latter end;Therefore she has come down astonishingly;There is no one to acomfort her.O Jehovah, see my affliction,For the enemy has magnified himself.Lam 1:10 - The adversary has spread out his handOver all her precious things,For she has seen the nationsEnter her asanctuary,Concerning whom You commanded that they should not enterInto Your bassembly.Lam 1:11 - All her people groan;They seek bread;They have given their precious things for foodTo restore their soul.See, O Jehovah, and look,For I have become despised.
B.  Her entreating the sympathy of the passers-by — vv. 12-19
Lam 1:12 - Is it nothing to you, all who pass by the way?Look and seeIf there is any pain like my painWhich is dealt to me,Whom Jehovah has afflictedIn the day of His burning anger.Lam 1:13 - He has sent fire from on highInto my bones, and it prevails against them;He has spread out a net for my feet;He has turned me back;He has made me a desolationAnd faint all the day.Lam 1:14 - The yoke of my transgressions is bound by His hand;They are knit together;They have come up upon my neck;He has made my strength fail;The Lord has delivered me into handsFrom which I am not able to rise up.Lam 1:15 - The Lord has made light of all my mighty menIn my midst;He has called an assembly against meTo crush my young men.The Lord has trodden, as in a awinepress,The virgin daughter of Judah.Lam 1:16 - For these things I weep;My eye, my aeye runs down with water,For the comforter who should revive my soulIs far from me;My children have become desolate,Because the enemy has prevailed.Lam 1:17 - Zion stretches out her hands,Yet there is no one to acomfort her.Jehovah has commanded concerning JacobThat those around him should be his adversaries;Jerusalem has become an impurityAmong them.Lam 1:18 - Jehovah is righteous,For I have rebelled against His commandment.Hear now, all the peoples,And see my pain;My virgins and my young menHave gone into captivity.Lam 1:19 - I have called to my lovers;They have deceived me;My priests and my eldersHave perished in the city,While they sought food for themselvesTo restore their souls.
C.  Her prayer to Jehovah — vv. 20-22
Lam 1:20 - See, O Jehovah, for I am in distress,My bowels are in ferment;My heart is overturned within me,For I have been very rebellious.In the street the sword bereaves;In the house it is like death.Lam 1:21 - They have heard that I groan;There is no one to comfort me;All my enemies have heard of my trouble;They are glad that You have done it.You will bring the day that You have proclaimed,And they will be like me.Lam 1:22 - Let all their wickedness come before You,And deal with themAs You have dealt with meFor all my transgressions;For my sighs are many,And my heart is faint.

Lamentations

Chapter 2 of 5

Verses
vv. 1    5     10    
15     20  

II.  The second lamentation—a lamentation over the destruction of the holy city2:1-22

A.  Jehovah the Lord's destruction of the holy city — vv. 1-10
Lam 2:1 - How the Lord in His angerHas covered the daughter of Zion with a cloud!He has cast from heaven to earthThe glory of Israel,And has not remembered His afootstoolIn the day of His anger.Lam 2:2 - The Lord has swallowed up all the habitations of Jacob;He has not spared;He has torn down in His overflowing wrathThe strongholds of the daughter of Judah.He has brought them down to the ground;He has profaned the kingdom and its princes.Lam 2:3 - He has cut off in fierce angerAll the horn of Israel.He has withdrawn His right handFrom before the enemy.He has burned among Jacob like a flame of fire;It consumes all around.Lam 2:4 - He has bent His bow like an enemy;He has set His right hand like an adversaryAnd has slain all that was pleasant to the eye.In the tent of the daughter of ZionHe has poured out His wrath like fire.
Lam 2:5 - The Lord has become like an aenemy;He has swallowed up Israel;He has swallowed up all her palaces;He has destroyed her strongholdsAnd multiplied in the daughter of JudahMourning and lamentation.Lam 2:6 - And He has violently taken away His 1pavilion like a garden;He has destroyed the place of His assembly;Jehovah has caused the appointed feast and the SabbathTo be forgotten in Zion;He has despised, in the indignation of His anger,The king and the priest.Lam 2:7 - The Lord has cast off His altar;He has abhorred His sanctuary;He has delivered up into the hand of the enemyThe walls of her palaces.They have made a noise in the house of JehovahAs though it were the day of an appointed feast.Lam 2:8 - Jehovah has thought to destroyThe walls of the daughter of Zion;He has stretched out the alineAnd has not withdrawn His hand from destroying;And He has made the rampart and the wall to mourn;They languish together.Lam 2:9 - Her gates have sunk into the ground;He has destroyed and broken her bars;Her aking and her princes are among nationsWhere there is no law;Her bprophets also do not findA vision from Jehovah.Lam 2:10 - The elders of the daughter of ZionSit on the ground; they are silent.They have cast dust upon their head;They have girded themselves with sackcloth.The virgins of JerusalemHang down their head to the ground.
B.  The prophet's lament — vv. 11-19
Lam 2:11 - My eyes are consumed with atears;My bowels are in ferment;My liver is poured out on the earth,Because of the brokenness of the daughter of my people,Because the little ones and the nursing childrenFaint in the streets of the city.Lam 2:12 - They say to their mothers,Where is the grain and the wine?When they faint like one woundedIn the streets of the city,When they pour out their soulInto their mothers’ bosom.Lam 2:13 - What shall I testify to you? What shall I liken you to,O daughter of Jerusalem?What shall I compare you to, that I may comfort you,O virgin daughter of Zion?For your breach is great like a sea.Who will heal you?Lam 2:14 - Your aprophets have seen for youVanity and folly,And they have not uncovered your iniquityTo turn again your captivity;But they have seen for you burdensOf vanity and of causes of banishment.Lam 2:15 - All those who pass on the wayClap their hands at you;They hiss and wag their headAt the daughter of Jerusalem, saying,Is this the city which they called,aThe perfection of beauty,The joy of the whole earth?
Lam 2:16 - All your enemiesHave opened their mouth against you;They hiss and gnash the teeth;They say, We have swallowed her up.This is certainly the day that we have looked for;We have found it; we have seen it.Lam 2:17 - Jehovah has done what He apurposed;He has fulfilled His word,Which He commanded from the days of old;He has torn down and has not spared,And He has caused the enemy to rejoice over you;He has exalted the horn of your adversaries.Lam 2:18 - Their heart cried out to the Lord:O wall of the daughter of Zion,Let atears run down like a streamDay and night;Give yourself no respite;Let not the pupil of your eye cease.Lam 2:19 - Arise, cry out in the nightAt the beginning of the watches;Pour out your heart like waterBefore the face of the Lord;aLift up your hands toward HimFor the life of your little ones,Who faint because of famineAt the head of every street.
C.  Her prayer to Jehovah — vv. 20-22
Lam 2:20 - See, O Jehovah, and look,With whom You have dealt thus?Shall the women eat their fruit,The little ones nursed by them?Shall the priest and the prophet be slainIn the sanctuary of the Lord?Lam 2:21 - The youth and the old manLie on the ground in the streets;My virgins and my young menHave fallen by the sword;You have slain them in the day of Your anger;You have slaughtered; You have not spared.Lam 2:22 - You have called for, as though in the day of an appointed feast,My terrors on every side,And in the day of Jehovah’s angerThere was none who escaped or remained;Those whom I have nursed and brought upMy enemy has consumed.

Lamentations

Chapter 3 of 5

Verses
vv. 1    5     10     15     20     25     30     35     40     45     50     55     60     65 

III.  The third lamentation—a lamentation over the afflicted prophet identified with his punished people3:1-66

A.  The prophet's (representing his people's) affliction — vv. 1-20
Lam 3:1 - 1I am the man who has seen afflictionBy the rod of His wrath.Lam 3:2 - He has driven me and brought meInto darkness and not light.Lam 3:3 - Surely against me He has turned His handAgain and again all the day.Lam 3:4 - He has wasted my flesh and my skin;He has broken my bones.Lam 3:5 - He has built up a siege against meAnd encircled me with gall and travail.Lam 3:6 - He has made me dwell in dark places,Like those who have long been dead.Lam 3:7 - He has walled me about so that I cannot go forth;He has made my bronze chain heavy.Lam 3:8 - Indeed, when I cry out and call for help,He shuts out my prayer.Lam 3:9 - He has walled in my ways with hewn stone;He has made my paths crooked.Lam 3:10 - He is to me like a bear lying in wait,Like a lion in hidden places.Lam 3:11 - He has turned aside my ways and torn me to pieces;He has made me desolate.Lam 3:12 - He bent His bowAnd set me as a target for the arrow.Lam 3:13 - He has caused the arrows of His quiverTo enter my inward parts.Lam 3:14 - I have become a aderision to all my people,Their mocking song all the day.Lam 3:15 - He has filled me with bitterness;He has made me drunk with wormwood.Lam 3:16 - He has also crushed my teeth with gravel;He has covered me with ashes.Lam 3:17 - And You have removed my soul far from peace;I have forgotten prosperity.Lam 3:18 - And I said, My strength has perishedAs well as my hope in Jehovah.Lam 3:19 - Remember my affliction and my 1wandering,The wormwood and the gall.Lam 3:20 - My soul remembers them wellAnd is bowed down within me.
B.  The prophet's (representing his people's) hope — vv. 21-39
Lam 3:21 - This I recall to my heart;Therefore I have hope.Lam 3:22 - It is Jehovah’s alovingkindness that we are not 1consumed,For His bcompassions do not fail;Lam 3:23 - They are new 1every amorning;Great is Your 2bfaithfulness.Lam 3:24 - Jehovah is my 1aportion, says my soul;Therefore I hope in Him.Lam 3:25 - Jehovah is good to those who 1await on Him,To the soul that seeks Him.Lam 3:26 - It is good for one to hope, and to do so in silence,For the salvation of Jehovah.Lam 3:27 - It is good for a man to bearThe yoke in his youth.Lam 3:28 - Let him sit alone and be silent,Because He has laid it upon him.Lam 3:29 - Let him put his mouth in the dust—Perhaps there is hope.Lam 3:30 - Let him give his acheek to him who strikes him;Let him be filled with reproach.Lam 3:31 - For the Lord will notaCast off forever.Lam 3:32 - But even if He causes grief, He will have compassionAccording to the multitude of His lovingkindness;Lam 3:33 - For He does not afflict willinglyOr grieve the children of men.Lam 3:34 - The crushing under his footOf all the prisoners of the earth,Lam 3:35 - The turning aside of the justice due a manBefore the face of the Most High,Lam 3:36 - The wronging of a man in his cause—Will not the Lord see all these?Lam 3:37 - Who is he who says, and it comes to pass,What the Lord has not commanded?Lam 3:38 - Out of the amouth of the Most HighDo there not proceed bevil things and something good?Lam 3:39 - Why does a living man complain,A man for the punishment of his sins?
C.  The prophet's request to his people — vv. 40-54
Lam 3:40 - Let us examine our ways and try them,And let us aturn again to Jehovah.Lam 3:41 - Let us lift up our heart with our handsUnto God in the heavens.Lam 3:42 - We have transgressed and rebelled;You have not pardoned.Lam 3:43 - You have covered Yourself with anger and have pursued us;You have slain; You have not spared.Lam 3:44 - You have covered Yourself with a cloudThat prayer might not pass through.Lam 3:45 - You have made us aoffscouring and refuseIn the midst of the peoples.Lam 3:46 - All our enemies have openedTheir mouths against us.Lam 3:47 - aFear and the pit are upon us,Devastation and destruction.Lam 3:48 - My eye aruns down with streams of waterFor the destruction of the daughter of my people.Lam 3:49 - My eye pours forth and does not stop;There is no cessation,Lam 3:50 - Until Jehovah looks downAnd sees from the heavens.Lam 3:51 - My eye pains my soulBecause of all the daughters of my city.Lam 3:52 - They have hunted me down like a bird,They who are my enemies without cause.Lam 3:53 - They have brought my life to its end in the pitAnd have thrown a stone upon me.Lam 3:54 - Water streamed over my head;I said, I have been cut off.
D.  The prophet's (representing his people's) prayer to Jehovah — vv. 55-66
Lam 3:55 - I 1acalled upon Your name, O Jehovah,From the lowest pit.Lam 3:56 - You have heard my voice; do not hideYour ear at my breathing, at my cry.Lam 3:57 - You drew anear in the day that I called upon You;You said, Do not fear.Lam 3:58 - Lord, You have pleaded my soul’s case;You have redeemed my life.Lam 3:59 - You have seen, O Jehovah, my oppression;Judge my cause.Lam 3:60 - You have seen all their vengeance,All their plans, against me.Lam 3:61 - You have heard their reproach, O Jehovah,All their plans against me,Lam 3:62 - The lips of those who rise up against meAnd their meditation against me all the day.Lam 3:63 - Look upon their sitting down and their rising up;I am their mocking song.Lam 3:64 - aYou will render to them a recompense, O Jehovah,According to the work of their hands.Lam 3:65 - You will give them hardness of heart;Your curse be upon them.Lam 3:66 - You will pursue them in anger and will destroy themFrom aunder the heavens of Jehovah.

Lamentations

Chapter 4 of 5

Verses
vv. 1    5     10    
15     20  

IV.  The fourth lamentation—a lamentation over the punished people4:1-22

A.  Afflicted with the lack of food in their siege — vv. 1-10
Lam 4:1 - How the gold has become dim!How the most pure gold has changed!The astones of the sanctuary lie poured outAt the head of every street.Lam 4:2 - The precious sons of Zion,Comparable to fine gold,How they are esteemed as aearthen pitchers,The work of the hands of a potter.Lam 4:3 - Even the jackals present the breast;They nurse their young ones;But the daughter of my people has become cruel,Like the ostriches in the wilderness.Lam 4:4 - The tongue of the sucking child cleavesTo the roof of his mouth for thirst;The little ones ask for bread,But no one breaks it for them.Lam 4:5 - Those who fed on delicaciesAre desolate in the streets;Those who were brought up in scarletEmbrace dung heaps.Lam 4:6 - And the iniquity of the daughter of my people is greaterThan the sin of aSodom,Which was overthrown as in a moment;And no hands were laid on her.Lam 4:7 - Her nobles were purer than snow;They were whiter than milk;They were redder in body than corals;Their figure was like sapphire.Lam 4:8 - Their visage is adarker than black coal;They are not recognized in the streets.Their skin has shriveled up on their bones;It has dried up; it has become like wood.Lam 4:9 - Those who were slain by the sword are betterThan those slain by famine;For these pine away stricken through,Because of the lack of the produce of the field.Lam 4:10 - The hands of compassionate womenHave boiled their own children;They have become their foodIn the destruction of the daughter of my people.
B.  Consumed by the burning anger of Jehovah's wrath — vv. 11-20
Lam 4:11 - Jehovah has accomplished His wrath;He has poured out His burning anger.And He has kindled a fire in Zion,And it has consumed its foundations.Lam 4:12 - The kings of the earth did not believe,Neither did any of the inhabitants of the world,That the adversary and the enemy would enterInto the gates of Jerusalem.Lam 4:13 - It is because of the sins of her prophets,And the iniquities of her priests,Who have shed the ablood of the righteousIn her midst.Lam 4:14 - They have wandered about blind in the streets;They are polluted with blood;So that men cannot touchTheir garments.Lam 4:15 - They cried out to them, Depart! aUnclean!Depart, depart; do not touch!When they fled away and wandered about, men said among the nations,They will no longer sojourn there.Lam 4:16 - The anger of Jehovah has scattered them;He will no longer regard them.They did not honor the priests,Nor did they favor the elders.Lam 4:17 - Our eyes do yet fail,Looking in vain for our help;In our watching we watchedFor a nation that could not save.Lam 4:18 - They hunted our steps,So that we cannot walk in our streets;Our end drew near; our days were fulfilled;For our end had come.Lam 4:19 - Our pursuers were swifterThan the aeagles of heaven;They hotly pursued us on the mountains;They lay in wait for us in the wilderness.Lam 4:20 - The breath of our nostrils, the aanointed of Jehovah,Has been captured in their pits,Of whom we said, Under his shadowWe will live among the nations.
C.  Their hope in the future — vv. 21-22
Lam 4:21 - Rejoice and be glad, O daughter of Edom,Who dwells in the land of Uz.Yet the cup will pass through to you also;You will become drunk and make yourself naked.Lam 4:22 - The apunishment for your iniquity has been accomplished, O daughter of Zion;He will no longer take you into exile.But He will 1punish your iniquity, O daughter of bEdom;He will uncover your sins.

Lamentations

Chapter 5 of 5

Verses
vv. 1    5     10    
15     20  

V.  The fifth lamentation—a lamentation as a prayer for the holy people as the conclusion of the fourth lamentation5:1-22

Lam 5:1 - aRemember, O Jehovah, what has come upon us;Look and see our reproach.Lam 5:2 - Our ainheritance has been turned over to strangers,Our houses to foreigners.Lam 5:3 - We are orphans without father;Our mothers are like widows.Lam 5:4 - We have drunk our water for money;Our wood comes to us at a price.Lam 5:5 - On our necks are our pursuers;We are weary; we have no rest.Lam 5:6 - We have given our hand to aEgyptAnd to Assyria, so as to be satisfied with bread.Lam 5:7 - Our fathers sinned and they aare not,And we ourselves bear their iniquities.Lam 5:8 - Slaves rule over us;There is no one to deliver us from their hand.Lam 5:9 - We get our bread at the risk of our livesBecause of the sword from the wilderness.Lam 5:10 - Our skin is ablack like an ovenBecause of the burning heat of famine.Lam 5:11 - They have ravished the women in Zion,The virgins in the cities of Judah.Lam 5:12 - Princes were hanged by them.The faces of the elders were not honored.Lam 5:13 - The young men bore the mill,And the young boys stumbled under the wood.Lam 5:14 - The old men have ceased from the gate,The young men from their music.Lam 5:15 - The joy of our heart has ceased;Our dance has been turned into mourning.Lam 5:16 - The crown has fallen from our head.Woe to us! For we have sinned.Lam 5:17 - Because of this our heart is faint;Because of these things our eyes are dim;Lam 5:18 - Because of Mount aZion, which is desolate—Foxes rove in it.Lam 5:19 - aYou, O Jehovah, 1abide forever;Your bthrone is from generation to generation.Lam 5:20 - 1Why do You forget us foreverAnd forsake us for so long a time?Lam 5:21 - 1aTurn us back to You, O Jehovah, and we will be turned;Renew our days as before.Lam 5:22 - Or have You 1utterly rejected us?Are You 1exceedingly angry with us?Book of Lamentations
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