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Deuteronomy

Book | Outline | Notes

Deu 1:11  These
  [ par. 1 2 ]
Deu 1:11 [1]  Deuteronomy is a concluding word of the law and gives an all-inclusive conclusion to the Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible, which were written by Moses. Deuteronomy means second law and thus signifies a respeaking, a repeated speaking, of the divine law. The law was given through Moses the first time when he was eighty (Exo. 7:7). Forty years later, after the first generation, with the exception of Caleb and Joshua, had died out, the law was spoken again to the children of Israel, this time to the second generation, the generation that was ready to enter into the good land and possess it. Most of that generation had not been present to hear the giving of the Ten Commandments, the statutes, and the ordinances at Mount Sinai. Therefore, God burdened Moses to respeak, to rehearse, the law. This respeaking was a renewed training given to the new generation of the children of Israel after their long wandering, to prepare them to enter into the good land promised by God and inherit it as their possession.
Deu 1:11 [2]  In this book, as in the entire Bible, God is manifested, man is exposed, and Christ is unveiled. This book speaks of God as a God of love, righteousness, faithfulness, and blessing that man may know God’s heart and God’s government and may love God, trust in God, fear God, subject himself to God’s ruling, mind the tender feelings of God, and live in the presence of God that he may be qualified to inherit the promised land. Furthermore, it exposes man, showing that in himself man is a failure, absolutely unable to fulfill the requirements of the holy, righteous, and faithful God, so that man may know his real condition and have no confidence in himself but put his trust in God, the One who is faithful (7:9). Finally, this book unveils Christ in three aspects: (1) as the unique Prophet of God, as the divine oracle (18:15-19); (2) as the all-inclusive good land, the goal, the aim, prepared for us by God (8:7-10; Col. 1:12; Phil. 3:7-15); and (3) as the word of God (8:3; 30:11-14; John 1:1; 1 John 1:1) that we may receive Him as our life and our life supply and thus have the strength and ability to reach Him as the God-appointed goal. See notes 31 and 71 in ch. 8 and note 121 in ch. 30.

Deu 1:12  Moses
  In Deuteronomy Moses as the spokesman of God was like an aged, loving father speaking to his children with much love and concern. Moses spoke for God for forty years, from the age of eighty (Exo. 7:7) to the age of one hundred twenty (34:7). He was a person not only soaked and saturated with the thought of God but also constituted with the speaking God Himself. Hence, the word that proceeded out of his mouth was the word of God. See notes 31 in ch. 8 and 121 in ch. 30.

Deu 1:13  Arabah
  I.e., the plain that runs from north of the Dead Sea south to the Gulf of Aqaba.

Deu 1:21  Horeb
  See note 112 in Exo. 19.

Deu 1:3a  first  cf. Num. 33:38

Deu 1:41a  Sihon  Num. 21:21-24
  See note 12 in Num. 21. The slaying of these two kings was near the end of the forty years (v. 3) of Israel’s wandering in the wilderness. It also opened the gate into the promised land.

Deu 1:41b  Og  Num. 21:33-35
  See note 41.

Deu 1:61  Jehovah
  With a review of the past, on the one hand, this book points out God’s leading that man may know the heart and the hand of God, so that man may trust in God and fear God; on the other hand, it points out man’s failure that man may know himself, condemn the flesh, and learn how to reject the self and the flesh. With a view of the future, this book expects that, on the one hand, man may know the love and government of God and that, on the other hand, man may know his real condition, so that he will no longer trust in himself but will trust in God, the faithful One.

Deu 1:6a  spoke  cf. Num. 10:11-13

Deu 1:6b  Horeb  Deut. 5:2;  Exo. 3:1;  17:6

Deu 1:71  Negev
  I.e., the dry southern desert of Canaan.

Deu 1:7a  Euphrates  Gen. 2:14;  15:18;  Josh. 1:4;  Rev. 9:14

Deu 1:8a  seed  Gen. 12:7;  13:14-15;  15:18;  17:8;  26:3-4;  28:13-14

Deu 1:9a  I  Num. 11:14, 17;  cf. Exo. 18:18

Deu 1:10a  stars  Gen. 15:5;  22:17;  Deut. 10:22;  28:62

Deu 1:13a  wise  cf. Acts 6:3

Deu 1:13b  leaders  Num. 11:16;  cf. Exo. 18:21

Deu 1:15a  leaders  Exo. 18:25

Deu 1:161  judge
  Or, administer righteousness as judges.

Deu 1:17a  not  Lev. 19:15;  Deut. 10:17;  16:19;  Prov. 24:23;  Matt. 22:16;  Mark 12:14;  Luke 20:21;  James 2:1

Deu 1:17b  bring  Exo. 18:22, 26

Deu 1:19a  wilderness  Deut. 8:15;  32:10;  Jer. 2:6;  cf. Num. 10:12

Deu 1:191  Kadesh-barnea
  For the failure of Israel at Kadesh-barnea, see notes in Num. 13—14.

Deu 1:23a  twelve  Num. 13:2-3

Deu 1:24a  Valley  Num. 13:23-27

Deu 1:241  the
  Lit., it.

Deu 1:27a  murmured  Num. 14:1-4;  Psa. 106:25

Deu 1:28a  The  Deut. 9:1-2;  Num. 13:32-33

Deu 1:29a  Do  Deut. 31:6

Deu 1:30a  fight  Exo. 14:14;  Deut. 3:22;  20:4;  Josh. 10:14, 42;  23:3, 10;  Neh. 4:20

Deu 1:31a  carried  Isa. 40:11;  46:3-4;  cf. Exo. 19:4;  Acts 13:18

Deu 1:31b  son  Exo. 4:22;  cf. Matt. 2:15

Deu 1:32a  not  Psa. 106:24;  Jude 5

Deu 1:33a  fire  Exo. 13:21-22

Deu 1:35a  Not  Num. 14:23

Deu 1:36a  Caleb  Num. 13:6;  14:24

Deu 1:37a  not  Num. 20:12;  Deut. 4:21;  32:52

Deu 1:38a  Joshua  Exo. 24:13;  Num. 27:18;  Deut. 31:3, 7, 23

Deu 1:39a  little  Num. 14:3, 31

Deu 1:40a  turn  Num. 14:25;  Deut. 2:1

Deu 1:41a  Then  vv. 41-44: Num. 14:40-45

Deu 2:1a  turned  Num. 14:25;  Deut. 1:40

Deu 2:4a  And  vv. 4-8: cf. Num. 20:17-21

Deu 2:71  blessed
  In the years of wandering God had mercy on His people and blessed them, even though they were fleshly and full of unbelief. God’s mercy extends farther than His grace (see notes 133 in 1 Tim. 1, 21 in 2 Tim. 1, 52 in Titus 3, and 162 in Heb. 4). When God’s grace extends so far that it reaches us where we are, it becomes mercy. Since His mercy has reached us and since we are now under His mercy, God can bless us.

Deu 2:7a  forty  Deut. 8:2-4

Deu 2:9a  Do  Deut. 2:19;  cf. Gen. 19:36-38

Deu 2:101  Anakim
  See Num. 13:33 and note.

Deu 2:111  Rephaim
  A race of giants (3:11).

Deu 2:141  consumed
  The purpose of the thirty-eight years of wandering was to consume man’s flesh and unbelief, to consume all the unbelieving ones, and to manifest God’s mercy and blessing (v. 7). Those years were also used by God to produce a new generation for the fulfilling of God’s purpose.

Deu 2:14a  sworn  Num. 14:28-35;  Deut. 1:35;  Psa. 95:11;  106:26;  Ezek. 20:15;  Heb. 3:18

Deu 2:19a  do  Deut. 2:9

Deu 2:24a  Arnon  Num. 21:13-14;  Judg. 11:18

Deu 2:241  Amorite
  See note 12 in Num. 21.

Deu 2:26a  Then  vv. 26-37: Num. 21:21-26;  Judg. 11:19-22

Deu 2:301  his
  Lit., him.

Deu 2:302a  hardened  cf. Exo. 4:21
  Cf. note 121 in Exo. 9.

Deu 2:341  utterly
  Lit., devoted (in this case, unto destruction). So also throughout this book.

Deu 3:1a  Then  vv. 1-3: Num. 21:33-35

Deu 3:2a  Sihon  Num. 21:23-26, 34

Deu 3:3a  Og  Num. 21:33-35

Deu 3:81  took
  To defeat King Sihon and King Og was to defeat the two “gate guards” of the land of Canaan (see note 12 in Num. 21). This was the initiation of the taking possession of the good land. The land of those two kings was given to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh (vv. 12-13) as the firstfruits of the enjoyment of the God-promised land (see Num. 32).

Deu 3:8a  Arnon  Deut. 4:48

Deu 3:8b  Hermon  Psa. 133:3

Deu 3:9a  Sirion  Deut. 4:48;  Psa. 29:6

Deu 3:9b  Senir  S.S. 4:8

Deu 3:10a  All  vv. 10-11: Josh. 13:11-12

Deu 3:11a  Rephaim  Gen. 14:5;  Deut. 2:11, 20

Deu 3:12a  From  vv. 12-16: Josh. 12:6;  13:8-13;  Num. 32:33-38

Deu 3:14a  Jair  Num. 32:41

Deu 3:141  it
  Lit., them; referring to the cities of the region of Argob (cf. v. 4; Num. 32:41).

Deu 3:142  Havvoth-jair
  Meaning the villages of Jair.

Deu 3:17a  And  Josh. 12:3

Deu 3:171  Chinnereth
  Called Gennesaret and the Sea of Galilee in the New Testament (Luke 5:1 and note).

Deu 3:18a  And  vv. 18-20: Josh. 1:13-15

Deu 3:20a  rest  Josh. 22:4

Deu 3:22a  fighting  Deut. 1:30

Deu 3:261  Enough
  Lit., Enough for you. Moses served God faithfully for forty years, but because his mistake in Num. 20 (see note 121 there) involved God’s governmental administration, he lost the right to enter into the good land. God’s dealing with Moses helped to perfect the children of Israel, causing them to have more fear of God’s righteous dealing. This is God’s perfecting love for His people (cf. Heb. 12:5-11).

Deu 3:27a  Go  Num. 27:12-13

Deu 3:271  west
  I.e., the Mediterranean Sea.

Deu 3:28a  Joshua  Deut. 1:38;  31:7-8;  cf. Deut. 31:23

Deu 4:11  statutes
  The Ten Commandments are the basic law (5:6-21). The statutes give supplemental details of the law. When a judgment is added to a statute, the statute becomes an ordinance.

Deu 4:1a  live  Deut. 5:33;  8:1

Deu 4:2a  not  Deut. 12:32;  Prov. 30:6;  Rev. 22:18

Deu 4:2b  take  Rev. 22:19

Deu 4:3a  Baal-peor  Num. 25:3;  Psa. 106:28

Deu 4:4a  joined  cf. Deut. 13:4;  Josh. 22:5;  23:8

Deu 4:7a  nation  cf. 2 Sam. 7:23

Deu 4:7b  near  Psa. 148:14;  Acts 17:27

Deu 4:71c  call  Psa. 145:18;  Isa. 55:6;  Rom. 10:12
  See note 211 in Acts 2.

Deu 4:11a  stood  Exo. 19:17

Deu 4:11b  fire  Exo. 19:18;  Deut. 5:22;  Heb. 12:18

Deu 4:12a  sound  Exo. 19:19;  Deut. 5:23;  Heb. 12:19

Deu 4:12b  form  Deut. 4:15

Deu 4:13a  ten  Exo. 34:28;  Deut. 10:4

Deu 4:131  commandments
  Lit., words. See note 11, par. 1, in Exo. 20.

Deu 4:13b  tablets  Exo. 24:12;  34:28;  Deut. 9:9-11;  2 Cor. 3:3

Deu 4:16a  idol  Exo. 20:4;  Deut. 5:8;  4:23;  Acts 17:29;  Rom. 1:23

Deu 4:19a  sun  Deut. 17:3;  2 Kings 23:5;  Ezek. 8:16

Deu 4:19b  host  2 Kings 17:16;  21:3;  Jer. 19:13;  Zeph. 1:5;  Acts 7:42

Deu 4:20a  iron  1 Kings 8:51;  Jer. 11:4

Deu 4:21a  angry  Deut. 1:37;  Psa. 106:32

Deu 4:21b  not  Num. 20:12

Deu 4:22a  not  Deut. 3:27

Deu 4:24a  consuming  Exo. 24:17;  Deut. 9:3;  Heb. 12:29

Deu 4:24b  jealous  Exo. 20:5;  34:14;  Deut. 6:15;  Josh. 24:19;  Nahum 1:2

Deu 4:251  languished
  “The word (which is a rare one) implies ‘the loss of spiritual freshness, and the blunting of original impressions, produced by force of custom, or long residence in the same spot’ (Dillman).” (S. R. Driver)

Deu 4:26a  heaven  Deut. 30:19;  31:28;  32:1;  Psa. 50:4;  Isa. 1:2;  Jer. 2:12

Deu 4:27a  scatter  Lev. 26:33;  Neh. 1:8

Deu 4:27b  few  cf. Neh. 7:4;  Jer. 42:2

Deu 4:28a  hands  Psa. 115:4;  135:15;  Isa. 44:10-17;  Jer. 10:3-5;  Acts 19:26;  Rev. 9:20

Deu 4:29a  seek  2 Chron. 15:2, 4;  Isa. 55:6;  Jer. 29:13-14

Deu 4:29b  all  Deut. 30:2-3;  1 Kings 8:48

Deu 4:31a  compassionate  Exo. 34:6;  2 Chron. 30:9;  Neh. 9:17, 31;  Jonah 4:2

Deu 4:31b  not  Deut. 31:6, 8;  Josh. 1:5;  1 Chron. 28:20;  Heb. 13:5

Deu 4:33a  fire  Deut. 4:12, 36;  5:22, 24, 26

Deu 4:34a  mighty  Deut. 7:8, 19;  11:2;  26:8;  34:12;  Jer. 32:21

Deu 4:35a  no  Deut. 4:39;  Isa. 45:5-6, 14, 18, 21-22;  46:9;  Mark 12:32;  1 Cor. 8:4

Deu 4:37a  loved  Deut. 10:15;  Hosea 11:1

Deu 4:38a  Driving  Exo. 34:24;  Deut. 7:1;  9:3-5;  11:23

Deu 4:39a  heaven  Josh. 2:11;  1 Kings 8:23;  2 Chron. 20:6

Deu 4:401  forever
  Lit., all the days.

Deu 4:411  cities
  For the cities of refuge, see notes in Num. 35:9-34.

Deu 4:42a  manslayer  Deut. 19:3-5

Deu 4:46a  Sihon  Num. 21:23-24

Deu 4:47a  Og  Num. 21:33

Deu 4:48a  Arnon  Deut. 3:8-9

Deu 4:481  Sirion
  Following an ancient version; the Hebrew text reads, Sion (cf. 3:9).

Deu 4:491  sea
  I.e., the Dead Sea.

Deu 5:2a  covenant  Exo. 19:5;  Deut. 4:23

Deu 5:31  us
  In the sight of God, the covenant made at Horeb (Exo. 24:1-8) was actually made with the present new generation of Israel. This is according to the biblical principle that the children are included in the father (Heb. 7:9-10).

Deu 5:4a  Face  Exo. 33:11;  Deut. 34:10

Deu 5:5a  I  Gal. 3:19

Deu 5:5b  afraid  Exo. 19:16

Deu 5:61a  I  vv. 6-21: Exo. 20:1-17
  For vv. 6-21, see notes in Exo. 20:1-17.

Deu 5:71  before
  Or, besides; in addition to.

Deu 5:10a  lovingkindness  Deut. 7:9;  Jer. 32:18

Deu 5:13a  Six  Exo. 23:12

Deu 5:14a  seventh  Exo. 16:29-30;  Heb. 4:4

Deu 5:15a  remember  Deut. 15:15;  16:12;  24:18, 22

Deu 5:15b  mighty  Deut. 4:34

Deu 5:161  extended
  Having our days extended is a matter of longevity, and having things go well with us is a matter of being blessed. The commandment to honor our parents is the first commandment with a promise (Eph. 6:2).

Deu 5:17a  You  vv. 17-20: Matt. 19:18;  Rom. 13:9

Deu 5:17b  not  Matt. 5:21;  cf. Gen. 9:5-6

Deu 5:18a  Neither  Matt. 5:27;  James 2:11

Deu 5:19a  Neither  Lev. 19:11;  Eph. 4:28

Deu 5:21a  Neither  Rom. 7:7;  13:9

Deu 5:22a  fire  Exo. 19:18;  Deut. 4:11;  Heb. 12:18

Deu 5:22b  tablets  Exo. 24:12;  31:18;  Deut. 9:10-11

Deu 5:23a  darkness  Deut. 4:12;  Heb. 12:18

Deu 5:24a  voice  Exo. 19:19;  Deut. 4:33

Deu 5:26a  living  Josh. 3:10;  Matt. 16:16

Deu 5:33a  live  Deut. 4:1;  8:1

Deu 6:11  commandment
  See note 11 in ch. 4. In Deuteronomy the law, the commandments, the statutes, and the ordinances are all God’s word (Psa. 119), and the totality, the aggregate, of God’s word is Christ (John 1:1, 14). Whereas the children of Israel were charged to keep the commandments, statutes, and ordinances, we today need to keep Christ. By taking Christ, keeping Christ, and holding fast to Him, we will gain Him, enjoy Him, and live Him (Phil. 3:8; 1:19-21a). See notes 31 in ch. 8 and 121 in ch. 30.

Deu 6:3a  milk  Exo. 3:8;  Deut. 11:9;  26:9, 15;  27:3;  31:20

Deu 6:4a  Hear  vv. 4-5: Mark 12:29-30

Deu 6:41  Jehovah
  Or, Jehovah our God is one Jehovah.

Deu 6:4b  one  Zech. 14:9;  Mal. 2:10;  Gal. 3:20;  James 2:19;  1 Cor. 8:6

Deu 6:51a  love  Deut. 10:12;  11:13;  30:6;  Matt. 22:37;  Luke 10:27
  See notes 122 and 123 in ch. 10. The admonitions in vv. 5-9 can all be applied to Christ (see note 11). We need to love Christ, keep Christ, teach Christ, wear Christ, and write Christ.

Deu 6:6a  And  vv. 6-9: Deut. 11:18-20

Deu 6:6b  heart  Deut. 32:46;  Prov. 7:3;  Jer. 31:33

Deu 6:71  repeat
  Or, teach them diligently to your children.

Deu 6:8a  sign  Exo. 13:9, 16;  Matt. 23:5

Deu 6:9a  doorposts  Deut. 11:20;  cf. Exo. 12:7

Deu 6:10a  give  Josh. 24:13

Deu 6:11a  houses  Neh. 9:25

Deu 6:12a  forget  Deut. 8:14

Deu 6:13a  It  Deut. 10:20;  13:4

Deu 6:13b  serve  Matt. 4:10;  Luke 4:8

Deu 6:15a  jealous  Exo. 20:5

Deu 6:16a  test  Matt. 4:7;  Luke 4:12;  cf. Exo. 17:2;  1 Cor. 10:9;  Heb. 3:9

Deu 6:161  Massah
  See Exo. 17:1-7 and note 71.

Deu 6:201  in
  Lit., tomorrow.

Deu 6:21a  say  Exo. 12:26-27;  13:14;  Josh. 4:21-22;  Deut. 4:10;  Psa. 78:5-6;  Prov. 1:8;  2:1;  22:6

Deu 7:11  nations
  See note 231 in Exo. 23.

Deu 7:1a  seven  Acts 13:19

Deu 7:21  utterly
  According to the divine thought, the nations in the land of Canaan had to be exterminated because they were devilish and mingled with demons (9:4-5; 18:9-14; cf. 1 Cor. 10:20-21). See note 331 in Num. 13.

Deu 7:3a  alliances  Josh. 23:12;  Ezra 9:2;  cf. 1 Cor. 7:39;  2 Cor. 6:14

Deu 7:3b  Your  Ezra 9:12

Deu 7:5a  altars  Exo. 34:13;  Deut. 12:3

Deu 7:51  Asherahs
  Images of a female deity.

Deu 7:6a  holy  Exo. 19:6;  22:31;  Deut. 14:2;  26:19;  28:9;  1 Pet. 2:9

Deu 7:6b  chosen  Isa. 45:4;  Matt. 24:22;  Acts 13:17

Deu 7:61c  personal  Exo. 19:5
  See note 51 in Exo. 19.

Deu 7:7a  affection  Deut. 10:15;  Isa. 43:4;  Jer. 31:3;  Hosea 11:1;  14:4;  Mal. 1:2

Deu 7:8a  swore  Exo. 32:13;  Psa. 105:9-11

Deu 7:9a  faithful  Isa. 49:7;  1 Cor. 1:9;  10:13;  2 Cor. 1:18;  1 Thes. 5:24;  2 Thes. 3:3;  Heb. 10:23;  1 John 1:9

Deu 7:9b  keeps  Neh. 1:5;  9:32;  Dan. 9:4;  2 Chron. 6:14

Deu 7:9c  lovingkindness  Exo. 20:6;  Deut. 5:10

Deu 7:131  bless
  It is in Christ that we receive and enjoy God’s blessings (Eph. 1:3). The unique commandment God gives to the world is to believe in His Son and receive Him (see note 53 in Rom. 1). Actually, Christ Himself is the commandment of God. We need to receive Him, keep Him, and be right with Him. If we do this, we will be right with God, and He will love us and bless us (John 14:21, 23).

Deu 7:13a  bless  Deut. 28:3-5, 11;  30:9

Deu 7:14a  barren  Exo. 23:26

Deu 7:15a  sickness  Exo. 15:26;  23:25

Deu 7:16a  snare  Exo. 23:33;  Deut. 7:25;  12:30;  Judg. 8:27

Deu 7:20a  hornet  Exo. 23:28;  Josh. 24:12

Deu 7:21a  midst  Num. 14:14;  Josh. 3:10;  Deut. 6:15

Deu 7:221a  little  Exo. 23:29-30
  See note 291 in Exo. 23.

Deu 7:24a  stand  Deut. 11:25

Deu 7:25a  abomination  cf. Josh. 7:11-26;  Rev. 17:4

Deu 8:1a  live  Deut. 4:1;  5:32-33

Deu 8:2a  forty  Deut. 1:3;  2:7;  29:5;  Amos 2:10;  cf. Exo. 34:28;  Matt. 4:2

Deu 8:2b  test  Exo. 15:25;  16:4;  Deut. 8:16;  13:3;  2 Chron. 32:31

Deu 8:3a  manna  Exo. 16:31, 35;  Num. 11:7-8;  Deut. 8:16;  John 6:49

Deu 8:3b  man  Matt. 4:4;  Luke 4:4

Deu 8:31  everything
  [ par. 1 2 ]
Deu 8:31 [1]  In Matt. 4:4 everything is replaced by every word, referring to the law, the commandments, the statutes, and the ordinances as the words that proceed out of the mouth of God. All the words in this book are God’s breathing (2 Tim. 3:16), and all refer to Christ, who is the totality of God’s word (John 1:1; Rev. 19:13) to be the life and life supply of God’s people. Therefore, to live by every word that proceeds out through the mouth of God is to live by Christ, the embodiment of the divine breath (John 6:57, 63). God was leading His people into the good land, a type of Christ, by Christ, and He was sustaining them on their way to the good land also by Christ, who is everything that proceeds out through the mouth of God. See notes 11 in ch. 6 and 121 in ch. 30.
Deu 8:31 [2]  God wants us to fulfill His righteous requirements for the accomplishing of His divine economy; however, He does not want us to do this in ourselves. Rather, He wants us to live, work, and have our being in Christ, by Christ, with Christ, through Christ, and in oneness with Christ (Gal. 2:20). God’s desire is that we put ourselves aside, forget ourselves, and fulfill His economy by the Spirit, i.e., by the realization of the Son, who is the embodiment of the Father (John 14:17-18, 10). The Scriptures as the breathing, the exhaling, of God are the embodiment of Christ as the life-giving Spirit (John 6:63; Eph. 6:17). By inhaling the word of the Scriptures, we receive the Spirit (Eph. 6:17-18a; Gal. 3:5) and enjoy the riches of Christ and thus are enabled to fulfill God’s requirements.

Deu 8:4a  clothing  Deut. 29:5;  Neh. 9:21;  Matt. 6:30

Deu 8:5a  disciplines  Prov. 3:11-12;  Heb. 12:7

Deu 8:71  good
  [ par. 1 2 ]
Deu 8:71 [1]  The good land, the land of Canaan, is a full, complete, and consummate type of the all-inclusive Christ, who is the embodiment of the Triune God (Col. 2:9) realized as the all-inclusive life-giving Spirit (1 Cor. 15:45; 2 Cor. 3:17), as the inheritance allotted to God’s people for their enjoyment (Col. 1:12 and note 2; 2:6-7 and note 62; Gal. 3:14 and note 3). The riches of the good land in vv. 7-9 typify the unsearchable riches of Christ in different aspects (Eph. 3:8) as the bountiful supply to His believers in His Spirit (Phil. 1:19). The waterbrooks, springs, and fountains signify Christ as the flowing Spirit (John 4:14; 7:37-39; Rev. 22:1), and the valleys and mountains signify the different kinds of environments in which we may experience Christ as the flowing Spirit (cf. 2 Cor. 6:8-10). Wheat typifies the incarnated Christ, who was crucified and buried to multiply Himself (John 12:24), and barley, being the first-ripe grain (2 Sam. 21:9), points to the resurrected Christ as the firstfruits (1 Cor. 15:20). Vines typify the Christ who sacrificed Himself to produce wine to cheer God and man (Judg. 9:13; Matt. 9:17). The fig tree speaks of the sweetness and satisfaction of Christ as the life supply (Judg. 9:11); the pomegranates signify the fullness, the abundance and beauty, and the expression of the riches of Christ as life (Exo. 28:33-34; 1 Kings 7:18-20; S.S. 4:3b, 13); the bread signifies Christ as the bread of life (John 6:35, 48); the olive tree typifies Christ (Rom. 11:17) as the One who was filled with the Spirit and anointed with the Spirit (Luke 4:1, 18; Heb. 1:9); olive oil typifies the Holy Spirit, by whom we walk to honor God and whom we minister to honor man (Gal. 5:16, 25; 2 Cor. 3:6, 8; Judg. 9:9); and milk and honey (6:3) speak forth the goodness and sweetness of Christ (see note 82 in Exo. 3). Stones signify Christ as material for building God’s dwelling place (Isa. 28:16; Zech. 4:7; 1 Pet. 2:4). The iron and copper are for making weapons (Gen. 4:22; 1 Sam. 17:5-7) and typify our spiritual warfare by which we fight the enemy (2 Cor. 10:4; Eph. 6:10-20). Iron also signifies Christ’s ruling authority (Matt. 28:18; Rev. 19:15), and copper, Christ’s judging power (Rev. 1:15 and note 1). The mountains from which copper is mined signify Christ’s resurrection and ascension (Eph. 4:8 and note 1).
Deu 8:71 [2]  God’s goal in His economy is not merely to redeem His people and save them from the world, typified by Egypt, but to bring them into Christ, typified by the good land, that they may possess Him and enjoy His unsearchable riches. By enjoying the riches of the land, the children of Israel were able to build up the temple to be God’s habitation on earth and the city of Jerusalem to establish God’s kingdom on earth. Likewise, by enjoying the unsearchable riches of Christ, the believers in Christ are built up to be Christ’s Body, the church, which is Christ’s fullness, His expression (Eph. 1:22-23), and which is also the habitation of God (Eph. 2:21-22; 1 Tim. 3:15) and the kingdom of God (Matt. 16:18-19; Rom. 14:17). Ultimately, God’s habitation and God’s kingdom will consummate in the New Jerusalem in eternity for the fulfillment of God’s eternal economy (Rev. 21:1-3, 22; 22:1, 3).

Deu 8:7a  land  Deut. 11:11-12

Deu 8:72  fountains
  Or, deep waters. Concerning the water in the good land, the fountains are the source, and the springs and waterbrooks are the outflow. See note 32, par. 1, in Isa. 12.

Deu 8:8a  land  Neh. 9:25;  cf. 2 Kings 18:32

Deu 8:8b  wheat  Deut. 32:14;  Psa. 81:16;  147:14;  Ezek. 27:17;  2 Chron. 2:15

Deu 8:8c  vines  1 Kings 4:25;  Micah 4:4;  Zech. 3:10;  Hag. 2:19;  S.S. 6:11;  cf. Judg. 9:8-13

Deu 8:8d  fig  S.S. 2:13;  cf. Jer. 24:2, 5, 8;  Matt. 21:19;  24:32

Deu 8:8e  pomegranates  S.S. 4:13

Deu 8:8f  olive  cf. Jer. 11:16;  Hosea 14:6;  Rom. 11:17, 24

Deu 8:8g  honey  Exo. 3:8

Deu 8:111  careful
  Today we should be careful lest we forget God by not keeping His Christ (cf. Gal. 5:2, 4).

Deu 8:12a  satisfied  Prov. 30:9

Deu 8:15a  wilderness  Deut. 1:19;  Jer. 2:6

Deu 8:15b  fiery  Num. 21:6

Deu 8:15c  rock  Exo. 17:6;  Num. 20:11;  Psa. 78:15-16;  114:8

Deu 8:16a  manna  Deut. 8:3;  Exo. 16:31, 35

Deu 8:18a  covenant  Deut. 7:9, 12

Deu 8:19a  I  Dan. 9:12

Deu 8:19b  today  Acts 20:26

Deu 9:1a  cities  Deut. 1:28

Deu 9:21a  Anakim  Num. 13:22
  See Num. 13:33 and note.

Deu 9:3a  fire  Deut. 4:24;  Heb. 12:29

Deu 9:5a  righteousness  Titus 3:5;  cf. Isa. 64:6

Deu 9:6a  stiff-necked  Deut. 9:13;  10:16

Deu 9:71  you
  Because the new generation of Israelites were sons of rebels, they too were rebels in the eyes of God. Cf. note 31 in ch. 5.

Deu 9:7a  furious  Num. 14:11;  16:30;  Heb. 3:16

Deu 9:8a  Horeb  Psa. 106:19

Deu 9:8b  furious  Exo. 32:9-10

Deu 9:9a  mountain  Exo. 24:12, 15

Deu 9:9b  forty  Exo. 24:18;  34:28;  Deut. 9:18, 25;  10:10;  cf. 1 Kings 19:8;  Matt. 4:2;  Luke 4:1-2

Deu 9:10a  tablets  Exo. 31:18;  Deut. 5:22

Deu 9:12a  down  Exo. 32:7-8

Deu 9:12b  turned  Deut. 9:16;  31:29;  Judg. 2:17

Deu 9:13a  Then  vv. 13-14: Exo. 32:9-10

Deu 9:13b  stiff-necked  Deut. 9:6

Deu 9:15a  So  Exo. 32:15

Deu 9:15b  fire  Exo. 19:18;  Deut. 4:11;  5:23

Deu 9:16a  saw  Exo. 32:19

Deu 9:18a  forty  Exo. 34:28;  Deut. 9:25;  10:10

Deu 9:19a  afraid  Heb. 12:21

Deu 9:19b  listened  Deut. 10:10;  Exo. 32:11-14

Deu 9:21a  Then  Exo. 32:20

Deu 9:22a  Taberah  Num. 11:1-3

Deu 9:22b  Massah  Exo. 17:7;  Deut. 6:16

Deu 9:22c  Kibroth-hattaavah  Num. 11:34

Deu 9:23a  sent  Num. 13:3

Deu 9:23b  not  Deut. 1:32;  Psa. 106:24

Deu 9:25a  So  Deut. 9:18

Deu 9:25b  forty  Exo. 34:28

Deu 9:26a  And  vv. 26-27: Exo. 32:11-13

Deu 9:28a  Because  Num. 14:16

Deu 9:29a  people  Neh. 1:10

Deu 10:1a  At  Exo. 34:1

Deu 10:1b  stone  2 Cor. 3:7

Deu 10:1c  ark  Exo. 25:10

Deu 10:2a  place  Exo. 25:16, 21

Deu 10:3a  cut  Exo. 34:4

Deu 10:4a  And  Exo. 34:28

Deu 10:41  commandments
  Lit., words.

Deu 10:5a  Then  Exo. 34:29

Deu 10:5b  tablets  1 Kings 8:9;  Exo. 40:20;  Heb. 9:4

Deu 10:61a  Beeroth  cf. Num. 33:30-32
  Or, the wells of the children of Jaakan.

Deu 10:6b  died  Num. 20:28;  33:38-39

Deu 10:8a  separated  Num. 8:14;  16:9

Deu 10:8b  stand  Deut. 18:5

Deu 10:91  no
  See note 201 in Num. 18.

Deu 10:9a  inheritance  Num. 18:20;  Deut. 12:12;  14:27;  18:1-2

Deu 10:10a  forty  Deut. 9:9, 18, 25

Deu 10:11a  Arise  cf. Exo. 32:34

Deu 10:12a  fear  Deut. 6:2, 13

Deu 10:12b  walk  Deut. 5:32-33

Deu 10:121  ways
  God’s ways are actually what God is. Whatever God is, is a way to us. Hence, to take what God is as our ways and to walk in these ways is to live God. The God who is our way is Christ (John 14:6). To take Christ as our way is to live Him, and to live Him is to express Him, to manifest Him, and even to magnify Him (Phil. 1:20-21a). In the New Jerusalem the river of water of life proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb and flowing in the middle of the street of gold (Rev. 22:1) indicates that God is both our life and our way. We take God as our life, and His life with His nature then becomes the way on which we walk. See note 16 in Rev. 22.

Deu 10:122c  love  Deut. 6:5;  30:6, 16;  Matt. 22:37
  God Himself set an example of loving by setting His affection on His people (vv. 14-15; 7:7-8). In Deuteronomy God was actually “courting” His people, loving them and setting His affection upon them (cf. note 62 in Exo. 20). His people should love Him in return by setting their affection on Him. See note 93 in 1 Cor. 2.

Deu 10:123  heart
  Our heart is linked to our spirit, for our conscience, which is a function of our spirit (Rom. 9:1), is also a function of our heart (Heb. 10:22). Thus, to love and serve God with all our heart and soul indicates that we love and serve Him also with our spirit (Rom. 1:9). Furthermore, according to 6:5 we are to love Him also with all our might, that is, with our physical strength. See Mark 12:28-30 and note 301.

Deu 10:14a  heaven  Neh. 9:6;  1 Kings 8:27;  2 Chron. 2:6;  6:18

Deu 10:14b  earth  Exo. 19:5;  Psa. 24:1;  1 Cor. 10:26

Deu 10:15a  affection  Deut. 4:37;  7:7;  Rom. 11:28

Deu 10:16a  heart  Rom. 2:29

Deu 10:16b  stiff-necked  Exo. 32:9;  33:3;  Deut. 9:6;  Acts 7:51

Deu 10:17a  God  Psa. 136:2;  Dan. 2:47;  11:36

Deu 10:17b  Lord  Psa. 136:3;  1 Tim. 6:15;  Rev. 17:14;  19:16

Deu 10:17c  mighty  Deut. 7:21;  Neh. 1:5;  9:32;  1 Cor. 10:22

Deu 10:17d  not  2 Chron. 19:7;  Gal. 2:6

Deu 10:18a  orphan  Deut. 24:17;  Psa. 10:14, 18;  68:5;  146:9;  Hosea 14:3

Deu 10:19a  sojourner  Lev. 19:34;  Exo. 22:21;  23:9

Deu 10:20a  You  Deut. 6:13

Deu 10:20b  hold  Deut. 11:22;  13:4;  30:20

Deu 10:21a  praise  Jer. 17:14

Deu 10:22a  seventy  Gen. 46:27;  Exo. 1:5

Deu 10:22b  stars  Gen. 15:5;  Deut. 1:10;  28:62;  Neh. 9:23

Deu 11:1a  love  Deut. 6:5

Deu 11:4a  over  Exo. 14:28;  15:10;  Psa. 106:11

Deu 11:6a  Dathan  Num. 16:1, 30-33;  26:9;  Psa. 106:17

Deu 11:81  strong
  If we keep Christ and hold fast to Christ as God’s whole commandment (see note 31 in ch. 8), we will be strengthened and encouraged to go on to possess Christ (vv. 8, 24), i.e., to gain Christ (Phil. 3:8); our days will be extended in Christ (vv. 9, 21); God’s eyes will be upon us to care for us and give us the blessing of His presence (v. 12); we will enjoy the heavenly rain, the watering of the Spirit, and reap a harvest of Christ (vv. 14-15); and we will love God, walk in His ways, and hold fast to Him (vv. 18-22).

Deu 11:9a  milk  Exo. 3:8;  Deut. 6:3

Deu 11:101  water
  I.e., water with treadmills.

Deu 11:11a  land  Deut. 8:7

Deu 11:121a  eyes  cf. 1 Kings 9:3
  Because we are practically joined to Christ as the reality of the good land and are enjoying His riches (see note 71 in ch. 8), God’s eyes are upon us continually, causing us to enjoy God’s presence and making us the object of His care.

Deu 11:13a  love  Deut. 6:5

Deu 11:141a  early  Job 29:23;  Jer. 5:24;  Hosea 6:3;  Joel 2:23;  James 5:7
  See note 231 in Joel 2.

Deu 11:15a  be  Deut. 6:11;  Joel 2:19

Deu 11:16a  other  Deut. 6:14;  11:28

Deu 11:17a  shut  1 Kings 8:35;  2 Chron. 6:26;  7:13;  Rev. 11:6;  Luke 4:25;  cf. 1 Kings 17:1;  Amos 4:7;  Zech. 14:17

Deu 11:18a  Therefore  vv. 18-20: Deut. 6:6-9

Deu 11:181  lay
  Moses’ words in vv. 18-20 can be applied to Christ and indicate that all the time and everywhere we should be occupied with Christ. We need to love God by laying Christ as the word on our heart and on our soul and by binding this word to everything related to us (Col. 3:16).

Deu 11:18b  sign  Exo. 13:9;  Matt. 23:5

Deu 11:19a  teach  Deut. 4:9-10;  Psa. 78:5-6;  Isa. 38:19

Deu 11:20a  doorposts  Deut. 6:9

Deu 11:21a  days  Psa. 89:29

Deu 11:22a  love  Deut. 30:20;  Josh. 22:5

Deu 11:23a  dispossess  Deut. 4:38;  7:1;  9:1

Deu 11:24a  Every  vv. 24-25: Josh. 1:3-5

Deu 11:24b  foot  Josh. 14:9

Deu 11:24c  river  Exo. 23:31

Deu 11:241  farmost
  I.e., the Mediterranean Sea. In this verse the boundaries of the land of Israel are set by God, from the Mediterranean Sea to the Euphrates in today’s Iraq (cf. Gen. 15:18; Exo. 23:31). This will be fulfilled in the restoration of Israel, after the second coming of Christ (Matt. 17:11; 19:28; Acts 1:6; 3:21; 15:16).

Deu 11:25a  stand  Deut. 7:24

Deu 11:26a  setting  Deut. 30:1, 19

Deu 11:261  blessing
  If we love Christ and hold fast to Him, we will receive the blessing (Eph. 6:24); if we do not, we will receive the curse (1 Cor. 16:22).

Deu 11:29a  blessing  Deut. 27:12-13;  Josh. 8:33

Deu 11:29b  Mount  John 4:20

Deu 12:21  destroy
  Before the children of Israel could have the full enjoyment of the riches of the good land, they had to utterly destroy the heathen places of worship, the idols, and the names of the idols (vv. 2-3). Thus, the good land was to be thoroughly cleared of all the heathen centers of worship. The children of Israel were not to worship God in the same way that the nations worshipped their gods (v. 4).

Deu 12:3a  tear  Deut. 7:5;  Exo. 34:13;  Judg. 2:2;  6:25;  2 Chron. 34:4

Deu 12:5a  place  Deut. 12:11;  16:2;  26:2;  2 Chron. 7:12;  Psa. 132:13-14;  Luke 2:41;  John 4:20

Deu 12:51  choose
  [ par. 1 2 ]
Deu 12:51 [1]  The children of Israel were not allowed to worship God and enjoy the offerings they presented to God in the place of their choice (vv. 8, 13, 17). They were to worship God in the place of His choice, the place where His name, His habitation, and His altar were (vv. 5-6), by bringing their tithes, offerings, and sacrifices to Him there (vv. 5, 11, 14, 18, 21, 26-27; 14:22-23; 15:19-20). To fulfill these requirements was to have a unique center of worship, as Jerusalem would be later (2 Chron. 6:5-6; John 4:20), for the keeping of the oneness among God’s people, thus avoiding the division caused by man’s preferences (cf. 1 Kings 12:26-33 and notes).
Deu 12:51 [2]  The revelation in the New Testament concerning the worship of God corresponds to the revelation in this chapter in at least four ways: First, the people of God should always be one; there should be no divisions among them (Psa. 133; John 17:11, 21-23; 1 Cor. 1:10; Eph. 4:3). Second, the unique name into which God’s people should gather is the name of the Lord Jesus Christ (Matt. 18:20; 1 Cor. 1:12 and notes), the reality of which name is the Spirit (1 Cor. 12:3). To be designated by any other name is to be denominated, divided; this is spiritual fornication (see note 83 in Rev. 3). Third, in the New Testament God’s habitation, His dwelling place, is particularly located in our spirit, i.e., in our mingled spirit, our human spirit regenerated and indwelt by the divine Spirit (John 3:6b; Rom. 8:16; 2 Tim. 4:22; Eph. 2:22). In our meeting for the worship of God, we must exercise our spirit and do everything in our spirit (John 4:24; 1 Cor. 14:15). Fourth, in our worship of God we must have the genuine application of the cross of Christ, signified by the altar, by rejecting the flesh, the self, and the natural life and worshipping God with Christ and Christ alone (Matt. 16:24; Gal. 2:20). Hence, the meeting of God’s people for the worship of God should be in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, in the mingled spirit as the place of God’s habitation, in the place where the cross is, and with the enjoyment of Christ as the reality of the tithes, the offerings, and the sacrifices (see note 244 in John 4). This is the oneness of God’s people, and this is the proper ground for the worship of God.

Deu 12:8a  doing  cf. Judg. 17:6;  21:25

Deu 12:9a  rest  Deut. 25:19;  1 Kings 8:56;  1 Chron. 23:25;  cf. Heb. 4:8-9

Deu 12:11a  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 12:12a  no  Num. 18:20

Deu 12:15a  within  Deut. 15:22-23

Deu 12:161a  blood  Deut. 12:23;  Lev. 3:17;  Acts 15:20
  See note 101 in Lev. 17.

Deu 12:171  eat
  The children of Israel could enjoy the rich produce of the good land in two ways. The common, private way was to enjoy it as a common portion at any time, in any place, and with anyone (v. 15). The special, corporate way was to enjoy the top portion, the firstfruits and the firstlings, with all the Israelites at the appointed feasts and in the unique place chosen by God (see note 51). Likewise, the enjoyment of Christ by the New Testament believers is of two aspects—the common, private aspect of enjoying Christ at any time and at any place, and the special, corporate aspect of enjoying the top portion of Christ in the meetings of the proper church life on the unique ground of oneness, the place chosen by God.

Deu 12:19a  not  Deut. 14:27

Deu 12:20a  enlarges  Exo. 34:24;  Deut. 19:8

Deu 12:231  blood
  For vv. 23-25, see notes in Lev. 17:10-14.

Deu 12:23a  blood  Gen. 9:4;  Lev. 17:11;  Acts 15:20

Deu 12:232  life
  Heb. nephesh; lit., soul, living being.

Deu 12:29a  cuts  Josh. 23:4

Deu 12:30a  ensnared  Deut. 7:16, 25;  Judg. 8:27

Deu 12:32a  not  Deut. 4:2;  Prov. 30:6;  Rev. 22:18-19

Deu 13:1a  prophet  2 Pet. 2:1

Deu 13:1b  dreamer  Jer. 23:25, 32;  29:8;  Zech. 10:2

Deu 13:21  Let
  Moses’ word in chs. 12 and 13 charges God’s people to avoid division and reject apostasy. Apostasy in the Old Testament denotes giving up God and turning away from God to idols. In the New Testament apostasy is heresy, denoting the denial of Christ’s deity; it refers to not believing that Jesus Christ is God incarnated to be a man (John 1:1, 14; 1 John 2:18, 22; 4:2-3). Apostasy, or heresy, insults God and damages the person of Christ, and division destroys the Body of Christ as Christ’s corporate expression. Thus, apostasy and division damage the entire economy of God. Because of this, the apostle Paul charges us to turn away from the divisive ones (Rom. 16:17), and the apostle John enjoins us to reject the heretical ones (2 John 9-11). Like Moses in this book and the apostles in the New Testament, we must be very strict concerning division and apostasy. We must keep the unique oneness of God’s people and the unique faith in the person and redemptive work of Christ (Eph. 4:3, 13 and notes 31 and 132).

Deu 13:3a  love  Deut. 6:5

Deu 13:4a  hold  Deut. 10:20;  11:22;  30:20

Deu 13:51  utterly
  Lit., burn out, consume. So throughout the book.

Deu 13:5a  remove  Deut. 17:7;  19:19;  21:21;  22:21;  24:7;  cf. 1 Cor. 5:13

Deu 13:9a  your  cf. Deut. 17:7

Deu 13:10a  stone  Deut. 17:5;  21:21;  22:24;  Lev. 20:2;  Num. 15:35;  Josh. 7:25;  John 8:59;  10:31-33;  Acts 7:58-59

Deu 13:11a  will  Deut. 19:20;  17:13;  21:21

Deu 13:13a  gone  1 John 2:19

Deu 13:14a  investigate  Deut. 17:4

Deu 13:16a  burn  Josh. 6:24

Deu 13:16b  mound  Josh. 8:28;  Jer. 49:2;  Isa. 17:1

Deu 13:17a  cursed  Josh. 6:18

Deu 14:11  You
  The statutes and judgments presented in 14:1—26:19 show how considerate, detailed, loving, tender, kind, merciful, gracious, sympathetic, humane, righteous, just, and fair God is. As those who have God’s life, we, the believers in Christ, should learn of God to be the same as He is (Eph. 5:1). We should walk before God and with God according to what He is. As we take God’s way and what God is, we will be transformed into His image (cf. 2 Cor. 3:18). See note 161 in ch. 26.

Deu 14:1a  children  Isa. 1:2;  Rom. 9:8;  cf. John 1:12

Deu 14:1b  not  Lev. 19:27-28;  21:5

Deu 14:2a  holy  Exo. 19:6;  22:31;  Deut. 7:6;  26:19

Deu 14:21b  personal  Exo. 19:5;  cf. Titus 2:14;  1 Pet. 2:9
  See note 51 in Exo. 19.

Deu 14:31  eat
  In this chapter Moses turns from the matters of division and apostasy (chs. 12 and 13) to the matter of the holy diet. Eating signifies our contacting of people (see note 21 in Lev. 11). Division and apostasy are related to our contact with others. In order to avoid both division and apostasy, we need to be discerning in our contact with people, as signified by the holy diet. We also need to protect our spiritual children from being destroyed by the divisive ones (see note 211). For the details concerning the holy diet, see notes in Lev. 11.

Deu 14:4a  These  vv. 4-19: Lev. 11:2-20

Deu 14:61  has
  Lit., divides the hoof and cleaves the cleft of its two hooves.

Deu 14:71  have
  Lit., divide the cleft hoof.

Deu 14:191  flying
  Lit., winged swarming things.

Deu 14:21a  carcass  Lev. 7:24

Deu 14:21b  You  Exo. 23:19

Deu 14:211  boil
  See note 192 in Exo. 23.

Deu 14:22a  give  cf. Matt. 23:23;  Luke 11:42

Deu 14:23a  And  Deut. 12:5-7

Deu 14:231  before
  To eat before Jehovah is to eat with Him. The children of Israel enjoyed before God and with God the tithes that they had offered to God. This indicates that God wants us to enjoy His Christ with Him at His chosen place. See note 51 in ch. 12.

Deu 14:25a  exchange  cf. Ezra 7:15-17;  Matt. 21:12;  Mark 11:15

Deu 14:27a  not  Deut. 12:19

Deu 14:27b  no  Num. 18:20

Deu 14:28a  three  Deut. 26:12

Deu 14:281  tithe
  God charged the children of Israel to offer Him the tithes yearly. In addition, during every three years they were to lay aside another tenth portion within their gates as a surplus to show the fullness of the rich produce of the good land. This tithe was to care for the poor and the Levites, the full-time serving ones (v. 29; 26:12; cf. v. 27; Gal. 2:10; 1 Cor. 9:14; 1 Tim. 5:17-18). These verses concerning the aid to the needy show that God takes care of all His people, who are His expression. In like manner, Christ takes care of every member of His Body. See note 152 in ch. 26.

Deu 15:1a  seven  Jer. 34:14;  Deut. 15:12;  31:10;  Neh. 10:31;  cf. Exo. 23:11;  Lev. 25:4, 10

Deu 15:3a  foreigner  cf. Deut. 23:20

Deu 15:6a  lend  Deut. 28:12

Deu 15:71a  needy  cf. Lev. 25:35;  1 John 3:17;  2 Cor. 9:9;  Gal. 2:10
  Concerning the matter of lending (or, giving) to the needy ones and the blessing that follows, see 2 Cor. 9:6-15.

Deu 15:8a  open  Matt. 5:42;  6:2;  Luke 6:34-35

Deu 15:91  like
  Lit., saying.

Deu 15:9a  eye  Deut. 28:54, 56;  Prov. 23:6;  28:22;  Matt. 20:15;  Luke 11:34

Deu 15:10a  give  Luke 6:30, 38

Deu 15:10b  not  2 Cor. 9:7

Deu 15:11a  needy  Matt. 26:11;  Mark 14:7;  John 12:8

Deu 15:11b  poor  2 Cor. 9:9;  Gal. 2:10

Deu 15:121  If
  For vv. 12-18, see notes in Exo. 21:2-6.

Deu 15:12a  Hebrew  Exo. 21:2;  Jer. 34:14

Deu 15:12b  sold  cf. Lev. 25:39-41

Deu 15:122  free
  Lit., free from with you. So throughout this chapter.

Deu 15:15a  remember  Deut. 5:15;  16:12;  24:18, 22

Deu 15:16a  And  vv. 16-17: Exo. 21:5-6

Deu 15:19a  firstborn  Exo. 13:2;  34:19

Deu 15:20a  eat  Deut. 12:7;  14:23, 26

Deu 15:21a  blemish  Lev. 22:20;  Deut. 17:1

Deu 15:22a  You  Deut. 12:15

Deu 15:23a  blood  Deut. 12:16;  Lev. 3:17;  7:26

Deu 16:1a  Abib  Exo. 13:4;  34:18

Deu 16:11  Passover
  For the three main annual feasts, see notes in Lev. 23.

Deu 16:1b  night  Exo. 12:42

Deu 16:2a  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 16:3a  unleavened  Exo. 13:6;  Lev. 23:6;  Num. 28:17;  1 Cor. 5:8

Deu 16:3b  remember  Exo. 13:3

Deu 16:4a  leaven  Exo. 13:7

Deu 16:4b  morning  Exo. 34:25

Deu 16:6a  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 16:6b  evening  Exo. 12:6-9;  Matt. 26:20

Deu 16:7a  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 16:8a  unleavened  Exo. 13:6;  Deut. 16:3

Deu 16:9a  seven  cf. Lev. 23:15

Deu 16:10a  Feast  Exo. 34:22;  Num. 28:26;  2 Chron. 8:13

Deu 16:11a  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 16:12a  remember  Deut. 5:15;  15:15;  24:18, 22

Deu 16:13a  Feast  Lev. 23:34;  Ezra 3:4;  Zech. 14:16

Deu 16:131  Tabernacles
  Lit., Booths. So also in v. 16. See note 162 in Exo. 23.

Deu 16:13b  ingathering  Exo. 23:16;  Lev. 23:39

Deu 16:15a  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 16:16a  Three  Exo. 23:14, 17;  34:23

Deu 16:16b  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 16:16c  Feast  John 7:2

Deu 16:16d  empty-handed  Exo. 23:15

Deu 16:181  judges
  The divine government among God’s people is neither autocracy nor democracy but theocracy—a direct ruling and governing by God Himself according to what He is. Among the children of Israel in the Old Testament God governed His people according to His constant speaking, as written in the law, and His instant speaking, as revealed either through the breastplate of the high priest by means of the Urim and Thummim or through the prophets by the Spirit of God coming upon certain ones to enable them to speak God’s word (Exo. 28:30 and notes; Lev. 8:8; Num. 27:21; Deut. 33:8; 1 Sam. 28:6; Ezra 2:63; Neh. 7:65). Moreover, God’s government was executed through some human agents: the priests and the elders, the judges, or the kings as direct administrators, who worked together for God’s theocracy. In the church in the New Testament the teaching of the apostles (Acts 2:42) replaces the law in God’s administration, and the elders of the churches (Acts 14:23; Titus 1:5) are the direct administrators, who administrate according to the teaching of the apostles (1 Tim. 3:2; 5:17). In relation to the instant speaking of the Lord, all the believers in Christ, including the elders, are priests to God (1 Pet. 2:5; Rev. 1:6), having Christ as the High Priest living within them (Heb. 8:1; Rom. 8:10) and having the Holy Spirit mingled with their regenerated human spirit (Rom. 8:16) to replace the function of the Urim and Thummim. Among the believers, the prophets and teachers help the eldership and the priesthood (Acts 13:1-4). See note 11 in Ezra 5.

Deu 16:18a  officers  Num. 11:16;  Deut. 1:15;  Josh. 1:10;  1 Chron. 23:4;  26:29

Deu 16:182  in
  Lit., within all your gates.

Deu 16:18b  judgment  2 Chron. 19:6;  Matt. 5:21

Deu 16:19a  not  Deut. 1:17;  10:17;  Matt. 22:16;  Luke 20:21;  James 2:1

Deu 16:19b  bribe  Exo. 23:8

Deu 16:211  Asherah
  An Asherah was an image of a female deity, and the altar signifies the cross. To bring in certain pagan things and add them to the cross is to produce a mixture. See Matt. 13:33 and notes.

Deu 17:1a  blemish  Lev. 22:20;  Deut. 15:21

Deu 17:3a  sun  Deut. 4:19

Deu 17:4a  investigate  Deut. 13:14;  19:18

Deu 17:5a  stone  Deut. 13:10

Deu 17:6a  two  Num. 35:30;  Deut. 19:15;  Matt. 18:16;  John 8:17;  2 Cor. 13:1;  1 Tim. 5:19;  Heb. 10:28

Deu 17:7a  hand  Deut. 13:9;  John 8:7;  cf. Lev. 24:14

Deu 17:7b  remove  Deut. 13:5

Deu 17:8a  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 17:91  the
  Lit., the priests the Levites. So also elsewhere in this book. The investigation was conducted mainly by the priest. First, the priest went to God and stayed with God. Second, in the presence of God the priest would consider God’s holy word. Third, the Levitical priests had the breastplate with the Urim and Thummim (33:8), which provided instant enlightenment (Exo. 28:30 and notes). Eventually, through the presence of God, the word of God, and the Urim and Thummim, the priest would gain a clear understanding of the divine judgment and then pass on this judgment to the presiding judge. The judge would then make a judgment according to what the priest had received from God and passed on to him. The judgment of the case, therefore, came through man, but it was of God and according to God—a matter of theocracy. See note 181 in ch. 16.

Deu 17:9a  judge  Deut. 19:17

Deu 17:10a  do  Matt. 23:3

Deu 17:12a  presumptuously  cf. Deut. 18:20, 22

Deu 17:12b  remove  cf. 1 Cor. 5:13

Deu 17:141a  king  cf. 1 Sam. 8:5, 19-20
  The people’s desire to have a king, thus replacing God as their King, was offensive to God (1 Sam. 8:4-7 and note 71).

Deu 17:15a  choose  1 Sam. 10:24;  1 Sam. 16:12;  1 Chron. 28:5

Deu 17:161  horses
  Egypt signifies the world, and horses signify the worldly means. If God’s people use the worldly means or the worldly way, they will surely turn back to the world.

Deu 17:161a  Egypt  Deut. 28:68;  Hosea 11:5;  cf. Exo. 13:17;  Num. 14:3-4;  Jer. 42:15-19
  See note 161.

Deu 17:17a  wives  cf. 1 Kings 11:3-4

Deu 17:181a  law  cf. Deut. 31:26;  Josh. 1:8;  2 Kings 11:12;  22:8;  2 Chron. 34:14
  The law here refers to the Pentateuch, the first five books of the Old Testament, which were written by Moses. In ruling over the people, the king first had to be instructed, governed, ruled, and controlled by the word of God. The principle should be the same with the elders in the churches. In order to administrate, to manage, the church, the elders must be reconstituted with the holy word of God (1 Tim. 3:2; 5:17). As a result, they will be under God’s government, under God’s rule and control. Then spontaneously God will be in their decisions, and the elders will represent God to manage the affairs of the church. This kind of management is theocracy (see note 181 in ch. 16).

Deu 17:20a  extend  cf. Deut. 4:40

Deu 18:1a  The  vv. 1-2: Deut. 10:9;  12:12;  14:27;  Num. 18:20-24

Deu 18:11  Levitical
  Whereas the priests served God directly in His presence, the Levites were servants of the priests, coordinating with them and serving them by taking care of various practical matters. For the service of the priests and the Levites, see Num. 3—4 and notes.

Deu 18:1b  eat  1 Cor. 9:13

Deu 18:1c  offerings  Josh. 13:14;  1 Sam. 2:28

Deu 18:12  inheritance
  God’s inheritance consisted of the tithes offered to Him by the children of Israel. Some of these tithes were to be for the priests. Thus, the priests lived on the tithes offered to God by His people. See note 91 in Num. 18.

Deu 18:21a  Jehovah  cf. Psa. 16:5
  See note 201 in Num. 18.

Deu 18:31  priests’
  For the portion of the priests (vv. 3-5), see Num. 18:8-20 and notes.

Deu 18:3a  shoulder  Lev. 7:32-34

Deu 18:5a  stand  Deut. 10:8;  17:12

Deu 18:61  Levite
  The portion of the Levites was all the tithes of Israel. See Num. 18:21-32 and notes.

Deu 18:6a  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 18:81  proceeds
  The exact meaning of the Hebrew is uncertain.

Deu 18:10a  divination  Lev. 20:27;  Isa. 47:9;  Gal. 5:20;  Rev. 9:21;  cf. 1 Cor. 10:20

Deu 18:13a  blameless  Gen. 6:9;  17:1;  Luke 1:6;  Phil. 3:6

Deu 18:151a  Prophet  Matt. 21:11;  Mark 6:15;  Luke 7:16;  24:19;  John 1:21, 25;  5:46;  6:14;  7:40;  Acts 3:22;  7:37;  cf. John 4:25
  Acts 3:22 applies vv. 15-19 to Christ, who is God incarnated to be a man, indicating that Christ is the Prophet promised by God to His people, the children of Israel. That the Prophet was to be from among their brothers (v. 15a) indicates that Christ as the coming Prophet would be human as well as divine.

Deu 18:15b  listen  cf. Matt. 17:5

Deu 18:16a  Let  Exo. 20:19;  Deut. 5:25;  Heb. 12:19

Deu 18:17a  They  Deut. 5:28

Deu 18:18a  Prophet  Deut. 18:15

Deu 18:181  raise
  God would raise up this Prophet through the incarnation of Christ to speak the word of God (John 3:34; 7:16-17; 8:18; Heb. 1:2a). To speak God’s word, i.e., to prophesy, is to dispense God, to speak God forth into others (see 1 Cor. 14:1, 3-5, 24-25, 31 and notes 13, 31, 241, 251, and 311). This is what the Lord Jesus did as the Prophet raised up by God.

Deu 18:19a  not  John 12:48;  Acts 3:23

Deu 18:20a  die  Deut. 13:5

Deu 18:22a  not  cf. Jer. 28:9

Deu 19:1a  cuts  Deut. 12:29

Deu 19:2a  three  Num. 35:14;  Deut. 4:41

Deu 19:21  cities
  For vv. 1-13, see notes in Num. 35:9-34.

Deu 19:3a  flee  Num. 35:15;  Deut. 4:42;  Josh. 20:3-4

Deu 19:61  slay
  Lit., slay him as regards the soul. So also in v. 11.

Deu 19:8a  enlarges  Exo. 34:24;  Deut. 12:20;  cf. Exo. 23:31

Deu 19:11a  lies  Num. 35:20-21;  cf. Deut. 27:24

Deu 19:13a  remove  Deut. 21:9;  Num. 35:33;  cf. 1 Kings 2:31

Deu 19:14a  not  Prov. 22:28;  23:10;  cf. Deut. 27:17;  Job 24:2;  Hosea 5:10

Deu 19:141  boundary
  The land was eventually divided by lot (Josh. 14:2 and note), and boundary markers were set up. To move a boundary marker was to change God’s ordination. This is abominable in the eyes of God. Instead of being greedy and invading another’s portion, we should learn to be contented with the portion of Christ that God has ordained for us. Cf. Rom. 12:3; 2 Cor. 10:13-16.

Deu 19:15a  One  Num. 35:30

Deu 19:15b  at  Matt. 18:16;  2 Cor. 13:1;  1 Tim. 5:19

Deu 19:15c  two  Deut. 17:6;  Matt. 26:60;  John 8:17;  Heb. 10:28

Deu 19:16a  malicious  cf. Exo. 23:1;  Psa. 35:11

Deu 19:17a  priests  Deut. 17:8-9

Deu 19:18a  investigate  Deut. 13:14;  17:4

Deu 19:20a  will  Deut. 13:11

Deu 19:21a  life  Exo. 21:23-24;  Lev. 24:20;  Matt. 5:38

Deu 20:11  battle
  The good land is a type of Christ (see note 71 in ch. 8). Although Christ has been allotted to us by God as our portion (Col. 1:12), if we would possess Christ and live in Christ as our land, we still need to fight against the spiritual enemies (see note 11 in Num. 21). We should not only pray but also fight. Actually, we are not the ones fighting, for God goes with us and fights for us. It is our duty to fight, but we cannot fulfill this duty by ourselves but only by faith in the Lord, i.e., by the Lord Himself as our life and life supply. We can fulfill the Lord’s requirements only by the divine life, the eternal life, which is the Triune God embodied in Christ (John 14:6; 1 John 5:11-12), who is realized as the life-giving Spirit (John 14:16-20; 1 Cor. 15:45). See note 31, par. 2, in ch. 8.

Deu 20:1a  chariot  Josh. 17:18;  Psa. 20:7;  Isa. 31:1

Deu 20:1b  with  Deut. 31:8;  2 Chron. 32:8

Deu 20:4a  fight  Exo. 14:14;  Deut. 1:30;  3:22;  Josh. 23:10

Deu 20:6a  vineyard  S.S. 8:11-12;  1 Cor. 9:7

Deu 20:61  partaken
  Lit., brought it into common use (cf. Lev. 19:23-25).

Deu 20:7a  woman  Deut. 24:5;  cf. Deut. 28:30;  Luke 14:18-20

Deu 20:81  afraid
  If a fearful one had remained, he would have affected others, causing them to be afraid. The formation of Gideon’s army is an illustration of this (Judg. 7:3).

Deu 20:10a  peace  Deut. 2:26;  Judg. 21:13;  cf. Zech. 9:10;  Luke 10:5-6;  Eph. 2:17

Deu 20:13a  slay  Num. 31:7

Deu 20:14a  women  Num. 31:9

Deu 20:171a  destroy  Deut. 7:2;  Josh. 10:1, 37, 39;  11:11-12
  See note 21 in ch. 7.

Deu 20:17b  Hittites  Deut. 7:1;  Josh. 9:1;  12:8

Deu 20:18a  sin  Exo. 23:33

Deu 21:3a  yoke  Num. 19:2

Deu 21:6a  wash  cf. Psa. 26:6;  73:13;  Matt. 27:24

Deu 21:8a  innocent  cf. Jonah 1:14

Deu 21:9a  remove  Deut. 19:19

Deu 21:12a  shave  cf. 1 Cor. 11:5

Deu 21:13a  father  cf. Psa. 45:10

Deu 21:14a  wherever  cf. Jer. 34:16

Deu 21:15a  beloved  cf. Gen. 29:30;  1 Sam. 1:4-5

Deu 21:17a  firstfruits  Gen. 49:3;  Psa. 78:51;  105:36

Deu 21:18a  chastise  cf. Heb. 12:9

Deu 21:21a  stone  Deut. 13:10;  17:5;  22:24;  Josh. 7:25

Deu 21:21b  remove  Deut. 13:5;  1 Cor. 5:13

Deu 21:221  hang
  The one hanged on a tree here is a type of the crucified Christ, who was cursed and hanged on the cross to redeem us out of the curse of the law (Gal. 3:13; 1 Pet. 2:24) and was buried on the day of His death (v. 23; John 19:31).

Deu 21:23a  corpse  Josh. 8:29;  10:26-27;  John 19:31

Deu 21:231b  accursed  Gal. 3:13
  Lit., the curse of God.

Deu 22:1a  return  Exo. 23:4

Deu 22:4a  lift  Exo. 23:5;  Matt. 12:11

Deu 22:6a  mother  cf. Lev. 22:28

Deu 22:91a  two  Lev. 19:19
  The prohibition against sowing two kinds of seed in one’s vineyard may typify the prohibition against teaching differently in the church (1 Tim. 1:3-4; 6:3; cf. Luke 8:11). The church is God’s vineyard (cf. 1 Cor. 3:9b), and in this vineyard only one kind of seed, one kind of teaching, should be sown (Acts 2:42 and note). If we teach differently, sowing more than one kind of seed, the “produce” in the church will be forfeited.

Deu 22:101  plow
  The prohibition against plowing with an ox and a donkey together typifies the prohibition against becoming dissimilarly yoked with unbelievers (2 Cor. 6:14a and note 2). In this verse an ox, a clean animal, typifies a believer, and a donkey, being unclean, typifies an unbeliever (Lev. 11:3-4a).

Deu 22:10a  together  cf. 2 Cor. 6:14

Deu 22:11a  mixed  Lev. 19:19

Deu 22:121  twisted
  The requirement here may refer to what is mentioned in Num. 15:38 (see notes there).

Deu 22:12a  corners  Num. 15:38-39;  Matt. 23:5;  cf. Matt. 9:20;  Luke 8:44

Deu 22:131  despises
  Or, hates.

Deu 22:19a  not  cf. Matt. 19:8-9;  Mark 10:11;  Luke 16:18

Deu 22:21a  folly  Gen. 34:7

Deu 22:21b  remove  Deut. 13:5;  cf. 1 Cor. 5:13

Deu 22:24a  stone  Lev. 20:10;  John 8:5;  Deut. 13:10;  17:5;  21:21

Deu 22:261  slays
  Lit., slays him as regards the soul.

Deu 22:30a  father’s  Lev. 18:8;  1 Cor. 5:1

Deu 23:11  wounded
  The congregation of Jehovah typifies the church. In the persons mentioned in this verse, the power to produce had been destroyed. This prohibition indicates that those who are barren, those who do not produce and bear fruit, will lose their right to enter the church life. Cf. John 15:2a.

Deu 23:31a  Ammonite  Neh. 13:1-2;  cf. Ruth 4:10
  See note 372, par. 1, in Gen. 19.

Deu 23:3b  tenth  cf. Ruth 4:10-13, 18-21;  Matt. 1:5

Deu 23:4a  Balaam  Num. 22:5-7;  2 Pet. 2:15;  Rev. 2:14

Deu 23:5a  curse  Num. 23:11;  24:10

Deu 23:6a  You  Ezra 9:12

Deu 23:71  Edomite
  The Edomites were the descendants of Esau, the brother of Jacob (Gen. 36:1). See note 141 in Num. 20.

Deu 23:14a  walks  Lev. 26:12

Deu 23:151a  deliver  cf. 1 Sam. 30:15
  This reveals the kind of heart our God has. God’s heart is always willing to forgive and to release, not to condemn (John 3:16-17; 8:10-11; Luke 23:34; 1 John 1:9). This indicates that we should have the heart to forgive our brothers in the Lord (Matt. 18:21-22; Mark 11:25; Luke 17:3-4; Eph. 4:32; Col. 3:13).

Deu 23:181a  dog  Rev. 22:15
  I.e., a male prostitute.

Deu 23:20a  foreigner  Deut. 15:3

Deu 23:21a  When  Eccl. 5:4;  Num. 30:2;  Psa. 76:11;  Matt. 5:33

Deu 23:211  vow
  See note 301, par. 2, in Lev. 27.

Deu 23:241  vessel
  The statutes in vv. 24-25 indicate that we should care only for our need and should not be greedy. We must learn to be restricted in any kind of seeking, including our spiritual seeking.

Deu 23:25a  ears  cf. Matt. 12:1;  Mark 2:23;  Luke 6:1

Deu 24:1a  bill  Deut. 24:3;  Matt. 5:31;  19:7;  Mark 10:4;  cf. Isa. 50:1;  Jer. 3:8

Deu 24:4a  not  Jer. 3:1

Deu 24:51a  wife  Deut. 20:7;  Luke 14:20
  Marriage is for human existence and for human reproduction (cf. Gen. 1:28). God honors marriage and abhors anything that would damage marriage.

Deu 24:7a  kidnapping  Exo. 21:16;  cf. 1 Tim. 1:10

Deu 24:7b  remove  Deut. 13:5;  17:7;  19:19;  cf. 1 Cor. 5:13

Deu 24:8a  leprosy  cf. Lev. 13–14

Deu 24:9a  Miriam  Num. 12:10-15

Deu 24:13a  return  Exo. 22:26

Deu 24:15a  wages  Lev. 19:13;  Jer. 22:13;  Mal. 3:5;  James 5:4

Deu 24:15b  sun  cf. Eph. 4:26

Deu 24:161a  Fathers  2 Kings 14:6;  2 Chron. 25:4;  Ezek. 18:20;  cf. Jer. 31:29-30
  This judgment reveals God’s justice. All the points concerning the divine government among the children of Israel show us that God is a God of justice. As a God of justice, God will not allow anything unjust to be among His people.

Deu 24:18a  remember  Deut. 5:15;  15:15;  16:12;  24:22

Deu 24:19a  gather  cf. Lev. 19:9;  23:22;  Ruth 2:16

Deu 24:22a  remember  Deut. 24:18

Deu 25:1a  If  vv. 1-2: Deut. 17:9;  19:17;  cf. Acts 23:3

Deu 25:1b  justify  Lev. 19:35

Deu 25:2a  beaten  Luke 12:47

Deu 25:3a  Forty  cf. 2 Cor. 11:24

Deu 25:31  degraded
  If we must speak about a brother’s wrongdoing, we should be restrained and be careful not to exaggerate. Since every brother is precious to the Lord Jesus and is treasured by Him, having been purchased by Him with His blood, a great price (1 Pet. 1:18-19), it is sinful to degrade a brother by criticizing him or by speaking excessively of his wrongdoing.

Deu 25:4a  You  1 Cor. 9:9;  1 Tim. 5:18

Deu 25:5a  wife  Matt. 22:24;  Mark 12:19;  Luke 20:28

Deu 25:5b  duty  Gen. 38:8-9;  cf. Ruth 1:12-13

Deu 25:61  assume
  This judgment reveals God’s love, for in His love for the one who died, God wanted the name of that one to be preserved among the people. Applied spiritually, this judgment also reveals that God wants us to be spiritually productive. On the one hand, we all need to have spiritual children as our successors; on the other hand, we need to help our brothers in the Lord to have spiritual children.

Deu 25:6a  name  Ruth 4:10

Deu 25:7a  gate  Ruth 4:1-2

Deu 25:8a  not  Ruth 4:6

Deu 25:9a  sandal  Ruth 4:7-8

Deu 25:131a  differing  Lev. 19:35-36;  Prov. 16:11;  20:10;  Micah 6:11
  The dishonest practice of having differing weights and measures is a lie and is surely from Satan (John 8:44). In spiritual application, to condemn a certain thing in others while justifying the same thing in ourselves indicates that we have different weights and measures, i.e., different scales—one scale for measuring others and a different scale for measuring ourselves. In the house of God, the church (1 Tim. 3:15), only one scale should be used to weigh everyone. If we have only one scale, we will be fair, righteous, and just, even as God is, and we will keep the oneness and one accord in the church. Cf. Matt. 7:1-5 and notes.

Deu 25:14a  differing  Amos 8:5;  Micah 6:10

Deu 25:15a  extended  Deut. 4:40

Deu 25:17a  Amalek  Exo. 17:8

Deu 25:19a  memory  Exo. 17:14;  1 Sam. 15:3

Deu 26:21a  first  Exo. 23:19;  34:26;  Num. 15:20;  18:13;  Prov. 3:9;  Deut. 18:4
  This offering was something in addition to the tithes (14:22-27). Like the tithes, a portion of the first of all the fruit was to be offered to God and enjoyed with God in the place which God would choose. See note 51 in ch. 12.

Deu 26:2b  place  Deut. 12:5

Deu 26:51  perishing
  Or, wandering.

Deu 26:5a  Aramaean  cf. Hosea 12:12

Deu 26:5b  Egypt  Gen. 46:27;  Deut. 10:22;  Acts 7:14-15

Deu 26:6a  ill-treated  Num. 20:15;  Exo. 1:11-14;  Acts 7:19

Deu 26:7a  cried  Exo. 2:23-25;  3:9;  Num. 20:16

Deu 26:8a  brought  Exo. 12:17, 51;  Deut. 4:34

Deu 26:9a  given  Jer. 32:22

Deu 26:9b  milk  Exo. 3:8;  Deut. 6:3

Deu 26:10a  first  Deut. 26:2

Deu 26:11a  rejoice  Deut. 12:7;  14:26;  16:11, 14-15;  27:7

Deu 26:121  tithes
  See note 281 in ch. 14.

Deu 26:12a  third  Deut. 14:28;  cf. Amos 4:4

Deu 26:12b  tithe  Lev. 27:30

Deu 26:151  Your
  Or, the habitation of Your holiness.

Deu 26:15a  holy  Isa. 63:15;  Zech. 2:13

Deu 26:152  bless
  This indicates that if we, for the sake of God, take care of the needy ones in the church, God will surely bless our labor and undertakings. This blessing will be a return to us from God (cf. 2 Cor. 9:6). Apparently we are giving; actually we are receiving. Nevertheless, to give is much more blessed than to receive (Acts 20:35).

Deu 26:15b  milk  Exo. 3:8;  Deut. 6:3

Deu 26:161  do
  In this section of the rehearsal of the law (14:1—26:19) five governing principles of our behavior are implied: (1) toward God, to be sanctified and fearing; (2) toward oneself, to be righteous and pure; (3) toward others, to be kind and generous; (4) toward animals, to be sparing and sympathetic; and (5) toward the devil, to be rejecting and separated. All God’s people should practice these principles by the divine life.

Deu 26:181a  personal  Exo. 19:5;  Deut. 7:6;  14:2
  See note 51 in Exo. 19.

Deu 26:19a  above  Deut. 28:1

Deu 26:19b  holy  Exo. 19:6;  22:31;  Deut. 7:6;  14:2;  1 Pet. 2:9

Deu 27:2a  cross  Josh. 3:17;  4:1

Deu 27:3a  write  Josh. 8:32

Deu 27:31  all
  Referring, probably, to the Ten Commandments.

Deu 27:3b  milk  Exo. 3:8;  Deut. 6:3

Deu 27:4a  Mount  Deut. 11:29;  Josh. 8:30

Deu 27:5a  And  Josh. 8:31

Deu 27:51  altar
  [ par. 1 2 ]
Deu 27:51 [1]  The children of Israel, being fallen in nature, surely would not measure up to keeping the commandments, statutes, and ordinances of their God; thus, they would come under all the curses listed in vv. 15-26. However, right beside the stones containing the inscriptions of the commandments of God was the altar, signifying the cross of Christ, where God’s people could take Christ, in type, as their burnt offering to God for His satisfaction and as their peace offering to God for their enjoyment with God in the divine fellowship (vv. 6-7). Through Christ God’s people, who were cursed under God’s commandments, statutes, and ordinances, have been redeemed “out of the curse of the law” (Gal. 3:13). Because we as God’s people have come to the cross, we are now under the cross (implying grace) and are no longer under the law (Rom. 6:14). As those who are under the cross, we can satisfy God and can also find satisfaction for ourselves through Christ, our Redeemer and our Substitute. Through Christ, who is our peace, we have peace with God (Eph. 2:14a; Rom. 5:1). The law is over, and the cross stands forever. This is the reason that the altar was prepared before the curses were declared.
Deu 27:51 [2]  The scene at the entry of the good land portrayed in vv. 1-8 includes the stone monuments, the altar, and the offerings. The law written on the monuments was a portrait of God Himself (see note 11 in Exo. 20); hence, the monuments signify that Christ as the embodiment of God was standing before the people to make requirements of them according to what He is. The offerings burned on the altar as sacrifices for God’s satisfaction also signify Christ as the One who meets and satisfies all God’s requirements. Thus, the requiring God Himself came in incarnation to be our Redeemer and our Substitute as the fulfilling One. This wonderful scene shows that it is through the requiring God, the cross of Christ, and Christ Himself as the offerings, not by our endeavoring in ourselves, that we enter into Christ, our good land, and receive all the blessings that God would give us in Christ. These blessings are the processed Triune God Himself embodied in Christ (see note 71 in ch. 8).

Deu 27:52  iron
  See note 251 in Exo. 20.

Deu 27:8a  write  Hab. 2:2

Deu 27:12a  Mount  Deut. 11:29;  Josh. 8:33;  cf. Judg. 9:7;  John 4:20

Deu 27:13a  cursing  Deut. 28:15;  Dan. 9:11

Deu 27:15a  makes  Exo. 20:4;  Deut. 5:8;  4:16-19;  Exo. 34:17

Deu 27:151b  Amen  Num. 5:22;  Neh. 5:13;  8:6;  Psa. 106:48;  Jer. 11:5;  28:6;  1 Chron. 16:36;  1 Cor. 14:16;  Rev. 22:21
  An adjective in Hebrew meaning firm, steadfast.

Deu 27:16a  dishonors  Exo. 21:17;  Deut. 21:18-21;  cf. Exo. 20:12

Deu 27:17a  boundary  Deut. 19:14