Amos
Amo 1:11 Amos
Meaning burden bearer. The central thought of Amos’s prophecy, which is nearly the same as that of Hosea and Joel, is that Jehovah punishes the nations and chastises Israel that the age of restoration (Matt. 19:28) may be brought in for the kingdom of David (9:11-12; Acts 15:15-16)—the kingdom of Christ (Rev. 11:15).
Amo 1:1a Uzziah 2 Kings 14:21; 2 Chron. 26:1; Isa. 1:1; Hosea 1:1
Amo 1:1b Jeroboam 2 Kings 14:23; Amos 7:9-11
Amo 1:1c earthquake Zech. 14:5
Amo 1:2a Jehovah Jer. 25:30; Joel 3:16
Amo 1:31 three
The words Because of three transgressions…indeed, because of four indicate repeated transgressions, which were the cause of God’s judgments on Judah and Israel and on the surrounding nations. So throughout chs. 1—2.
Amo 1:3a Damascus Isa. 8:4; 17:1-14; Jer. 49:23-27; Zech. 9:1
Amo 1:32 the
Lit., it. So throughout the book.
Amo 1:3b Gilead 2 Kings 10:32-33
Amo 1:51 Aven
Or, vanity; referring to idols.
Amo 1:52 Aram
I.e., Syria.
Amo 1:5a captivity 2 Kings 16:9; Amos 9:7
Amo 1:6b Edom Ezek. 35:4
Amo 1:8a Ashdod Zeph. 2:4; Zech. 9:5-6
Amo 1:9a Tyre Isa. 23:1-18; Jer. 47:4; Ezek. 26:1–28:19
Amo 1:11a Edom Isa. 34:5; Jer. 49:7-22; Ezek. 25:12-14
Amo 1:11b brother Gen. 27:41; Deut. 23:7; 2 Chron. 28:17; Ezek. 35:5; Obad. 10
Amo 1:131a Ammon Jer. 49:1-6; Ezek. 25:2-7; Zeph. 2:9
Ammon and Moab (2:1) were sons of Lot by incest (Gen. 19:30-38).
Amo 2:11a Moab Isa. 15:1–16:14; Jer. 48:1-47; Ezek. 25:8-11
See note 131 in ch. 1.
Amo 2:5a fire Jer. 17:27; 21:10; 39:8
Amo 2:9a Amorite Num. 21:25; Deut. 2:24; Josh. 24:8; Judg. 11:21-23
Amo 2:9b height Num. 13:32-33
Amo 2:10a brought Exo. 12:51; Ezek. 20:10; Micah 6:4
Amo 2:10b forty Deut. 2:7; 8:2
Amo 2:11a Nazarites Num. 6:2; Judg. 13:5
Amo 2:12a not Isa. 30:10; Jer. 11:21; Amos 7:12-13
Amo 3:2a families Deut. 7:6; 10:15
Amo 3:31 Will
Verses 3-8 indicate that the cause of Jehovah’s visitation (punishment) was that Israel was not one with God. They had their own intention, goal, and purpose, and God had His. But God revealed all His secrets to His prophets (v. 7). Israel, therefore, should have listened to the prophets.
Amo 3:6a trumpet Jer. 4:5; 6:1; Ezek. 33:3; Hosea 5:8; Zeph. 1:16
Amo 3:7a reveals Gen. 6:13; 18:17; Psa. 25:14
Amo 3:11a adversary 2 Kings 17:3, 6; 18:9-11
Amo 3:14a altars 2 Kings 23:15; Hosea 10:5-8
Amo 3:141 Bethel
Bethel had become a place for the worship of idols (1 Kings 12:25-33).
Amo 3:151 winter
The winter house and the summer house were luxurious retreat houses. Here, such houses and the worship of idols are regarded as one thing. Those who went to the retreat houses for enjoyment were also those who worshipped idols at the altars of Bethel.
Amo 4:4a Bethel Ezek. 20:39; Amos 3:14; 5:5
Amo 4:4b Gilgal Hosea 4:15; 12:11
Amo 4:4c sacrifices Num. 28:3-4
Amo 4:4d tithes Deut. 14:28
Amo 4:5a leavened Lev. 7:13; 23:17
Amo 4:6a not Jer. 5:3; Hosea 7:10
Amo 4:9a locust Joel 1:4; 2:25
Amo 4:10a pestilence Exo. 9:3, 6; 12:29; Deut. 28:47, 60; Psa. 78:50
Amo 4:11a Sodom Gen. 19:24-25; Isa. 13:19; Jer. 49:18
Amo 4:11b burning Zech. 3:2; 1 Cor. 3:15; Jude 23
Amo 4:121a Prepare cf. Ezek. 13:5; 22:30; Luke 14:31-32
In vv. 6-13 the prophet speaks regarding Jehovah’s punishment with the expectation of Israel’s returning to Jehovah and their preparing to meet Him who is the Creator and Ruler of all things.
Amo 4:13a darkness Amos 5:8; 8:9
Amo 5:2a virgin Jer. 18:13; 31:4
Amo 5:4a Seek Amos 4:6; 2 Chron. 15:2; Isa. 55:6; Jer. 29:13; Zeph. 2:3
Amo 5:5b Gilgal Hosea 4:15
Amo 5:8b shadow Job 12:22; Psa. 107:14; Matt. 4:16
Amo 5:8c water Gen. 7:11; Amos 9:6
Amo 5:101 gate
The place where the leading ones exercised judgment (Deut. 21:19; 22:15; Ruth 4:1-2).
Amo 5:11a not Deut. 28:30, 38-39; Micah 6:15; Zeph. 1:13; cf. Luke 12:20
Amo 5:121 ransom
I.e., the money paid for a life taken (cf. Num. 35:31).
Amo 5:181a day Isa. 5:19; Jer. 17:15-16; Ezek. 12:22, 27
See note 151 in Joel 1.
Amo 5:20a darkness Isa. 13:10; Joel 2:31; Mark 13:24; cf. Matt. 22:13
Amo 5:211a feasts Prov. 21:27; Isa. 1:11-16; Jer. 6:20
On the one hand, the people of Israel were evil; on the other hand, they still worshipped God with feasts, solemn assemblies, offerings, and singing (vv. 21-23).
Amo 5:212 delight
Lit., smell (sweetness).
Amo 5:241 justice
Instead of Israel’s hypocritical worship, God wanted Israel to exercise justice and practice righteousness.
Amo 5:24a river Isa. 48:18; 66:12
Amo 5:25a Did vv. 25-27: Acts 7:42-43
Amo 5:261 Sikkuth
Understood by the Septuagint translators to read, tabernacle of Moloch and the star of your god Raiphan (i.e., Rompha), their images (cf. Acts 7:43).
Amo 5:27a Beyond 2 Kings 17:6
Amo 6:2a Calneh Isa. 10:9; 2 Kings 18:34
Amo 6:2b Gath 2 Chron. 26:6
Amo 6:5a instruments 1 Chron. 23:5
Amo 6:7a captivity Amos 5:5, 27; 7:11
Amo 6:8a sworn Jer. 51:14; Heb. 6:13, 17
Amo 6:14a nation 2 Kings 15:29; 17:6; Isa. 10:5-6; Jer. 5:15-17
Amo 7:11a locusts Joel 1:4
The locusts symbolize the enemy’s army (Joel 1:4 and note).
Amo 7:21 O
Some of the punishments ordained by God have not taken place because some of God’s loving ones, the prophets, prayed for Israel, warning God that Israel might not endure (vv. 2-3, 5-6).
Amo 7:2a How Amos 7:5; Isa. 51:19
Amo 7:3a repented Amos 7:6; Deut. 32:36; Jonah 3:10
Amo 7:4a fire Amos 5:6; Jer. 4:4; 21:12
Amo 7:71a plumb cf. 2 Kings 21:13; Isa. 28:17; 34:11; Lam. 2:8
The Lord was holding a plumb line to measure Israel in order to determine what part had to be destroyed and what part had to be retained (vv. 7b-8).
Amo 7:91a high Lev. 26:30-31
The high places were the places where Israel worshipped the idols on the mountains. The expression sanctuaries of Israel refers not to the sanctuary in the city of Jerusalem but mainly to the sanctuaries in Bethel in the northern kingdom of Israel (1 Kings 12:31; 13:32).
Amo 7:9b Jeroboam 2 Kings 14:23-29
Amo 7:9c sword 2 Kings 15:8-10
Amo 7:101 priest
Amaziah the priest of Bethel was a false priest. In Bethel, in the northern kingdom of Israel, the people had built a temple and had their own priests (1 Kings 12:31).
Amo 7:13a Bethel 1 Kings 12:32
Amo 7:14a herdsman Amos 1:1; Zech. 13:5
Amo 8:11 summer
The summer fruit signifies that the time is ripe and the end has come upon Israel (v. 2).
Amo 8:3a songs Amos 5:23; 1 Chron. 25:6
Amo 8:81 River
I.e., the Nile.
Amo 8:9a go Job 5:14; Isa. 13:10; 59:9-10; Jer. 15:9
Amo 8:9b darken Mark 15:33; Luke 23:44; Rev. 8:12
Amo 8:10a only Jer. 6:26; cf. Zech. 12:10
Amo 8:111a words 1 Sam. 3:1; Psa. 74:9; Ezek. 7:26
The lack of the word of the Lord was a punishment from the Lord. Because of Israel’s sins against the Lord, He would not speak to them. Cf. note 11 in Gen. 17.
Amo 9:1a saw cf. 2 Chron. 18:18; Isa. 6:1
Amo 9:11 standing
The Lord’s standing upon the altar (vv. 1-10) signifies that the Lord was ready to destroy Israel.
Amo 9:2a Though vv. 2-3: cf. Psa. 139:8-10
Amo 9:21 Sheol
See note 231 in Matt. 11.
Amo 9:2b heaven Job 20:6; Isa. 14:13-15; Jer. 51:53; Obad. 4
Amo 9:51 River
I.e., the Nile.
Amo 9:6a upper Psa. 104:3, 13
Amo 9:71 Cushites
I.e., Ethiopians.
Amo 9:72 Caphtor
Probably Crete.
Amo 9:73 Aram
I.e., Syria.
Amo 9:8a not Deut. 4:31; Jer. 30:11; Obad. 16-17
Amo 9:81 utterly
In His chastising of Israel the sinful nation, God would cause them to suffer but would not allow them to be utterly destroyed, because He has a purpose. For the purpose of His incarnation God had to preserve a remnant of Israel.
Amo 9:9a shake Luke 22:31
Amo 9:11a In vv. 11-12: Acts 15:16-17
Amo 9:111b tabernacle Isa. 16:5
David is a type of Christ as the King. The tabernacle of David is the kingdom of David and the royal family of David. That kingdom, that royal family, fell when Nebuchadnezzar came to capture the nation of Israel, devastate the land, burn the city, destroy the temple, and carry off the king (2 Kings 25:1-21). In Amos’s prophecy God promised that in a certain day the kingdom of David and the family of David would be restored, and all the nations would be called by the name of Jehovah. This prophecy indicates that Christ will come back to be the real David (Isa. 9:7; 16:5; Jer. 30:9; Ezek. 34:23-24; 37:24-25; Hosea 3:5) and will rebuild, i.e., restore, the kingdom of His forefather David for the restoration of the entire universe. At that time the kingdom of David will become the kingdom of Christ and of God for eternity (Rev. 11:15). In the restored kingdom all the nations will be called by the name of Jehovah; i.e., all the nations will belong to God. Amos’s prophecy in vv. 11-12 was quoted by James in Acts 15:16-18 to confirm Peter’s and Paul’s going to the Gentiles, because in the restoration all the Gentiles will become God’s people, just as the Jews are.
Amo 9:14b desolated Isa. 61:4; 65:21; Ezek. 36:33-36
Amo 9:15a plant Isa. 60:21; Jer. 32:41; 42:10
Amo 9:15b not Ezek. 34:28; Joel 3:20